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Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) is a versatile and essential tool for law enforcement, first responders, utility providers, and the general public. Integrating the UAS into the National Airspace System (NAS) poses a significant challenge to policymakers and manufacturers. A UAS Integration Safety and Security Technology Ontology (ISSTO) has been developed in the Web Ontology Language (OWL) to aid in this integration. ISSTO is a domain ontology covering aviation topics corresponding to flights, aircraft types, manufacturers, temporal/spatial, waivers and authorizations, track data, NAS facilities, air traffic control advisories, weather phenomena, surveillance and security equipment, and events, sensor types, radio frequency ranges, actions, and outcomes. As ISSTO is a domain ontology, it models the current state of UAS integration into the NAS and provides a comprehensive view of every aspect of UAS.

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The Aviation Safety Action Program (ASAP) is a voluntary, non-jeopardy reporting program supported by commercial airlines. The program provides pilots with a way to report unsafe occurrences, including their own errors, without risk of punitive action on the part of the airlines or the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Through a set of on-site visits to airlines with ASAP programs, deficiencies were identified in the way airlines collect ASAP reports from pilots. It was concluded that these deficiencies might be limiting the ability of airlines to identify hazards contributing to reported safety events. The purpose of this research was to determine if the use of an ASAP reporting form based on a human factors model, referred to as the Threat and Error Management (TEM) model, would result in pilots providing a larger quantity and higher quality of information as compared to information provided by pilots using a standard ASAP reporting form. The TEM model provides a framework for a taxonomy that includes factors related to safety events pilots encounter, behaviors and errors they make, and threats associated with the complexities of their operational environment. A comparison of reports collected using the TEM Reporting Form and a standard reporting form demonstrated that narrative descriptions provided by pilots using the TEM Reporting Form included both a larger quantity and higher quality of information. Quantity of information was measured by comparing the average word count of the narrative descriptions. Quality of information was measured by comparing the discriminatory power of the words in the narrative descriptions and the extent to which the narrative descriptions from the two sets of reports contributed to a set of latent concepts. The findings suggest that the TEM Reporting Form can help pilots provide longer descriptions, more relevant information related to safety hazards, and expand on concepts that contribute to reported safety events. The use of the TEM Reporting Form for the collection of ASAP reports should be considered by airlines as a preferred collection method for improving the quantity and quality of information reported by pilots through ASAP programs. / text

This master’s thesis discusses the impact of air traffic on our environment. The fuels combustion, the conditions necessary for realization of air traffic, or the situations resulting from it, such as aircraft maintenance, noise, emergencies, etc., have a negative impact on not only on the environment, but also on health and comfort of people, as well as flora and fauna, exposed to these conditions. Apart from the air traffic impacts on our environment mentioned above, the thesis also describes especially the possibilities of their reduction and companies dealing with them. The large main part of thesis paper is dedicated to an analysis of a new aircraft design technology, which should reduce the production of emissions in the future.

Previous studies have claimed a deadlock between fuel producers, airlines and policymakers when it comes to the market uptake of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). This report investigates the market from a stakeholder perspective, including producers, distributors, purchasers and logistic holders. Obstacles in terms of market maturity are identified as mainly the price gap between Conventional Aviation Fuel (CAF) and SAF. This is due to many things, whereas one being the detachment between travellers and the usage of SAF. It is also the current blend restriction of a maximum of 50 %, as well as extensive and expensive certification processes. Currently, there are few, but a lack of policies and incentives directed towards SAF and a lack of coherency between those that exist and are being implemented. Stakeholders agree that there is a need for developing these, as well as a need for additional financial support during stages of developing production facilities. When it comes to procurement of SAF, stakeholders agree upon that flexibility within different areas are advantageous for the market uptake of SAF, and in most regards, the procurement made by Swedavia is indeed flexible. An important aspect identified in the analysis of Swedavia’s procurement is the use of a business model which reduces the price gap between CAF and SAF for airlines and enabling Swedavia to claim the CO2 reduction of corporate travel. Multiple corporates joined the previous procurement of SAF for corporate travel, and Swedavia holds great opportunities to continue to contribute to the market uptake of SAF by expanding the concept. Multiple opportunities also lie in expanding the business concept to reach all travellers. Concluding, it is established that the current route, mainly referring to the procedure of procurement, is effective and carries great opportunity for further implementation and development. / <p>2021-06-04</p>

The Aviation Industry in South Africa is considered to be a budding industry with an expected growth rate of 14% for each of the next three years. Considering that, plenty investment and expansion possibilities are probably available in this industry. Nonetheless, given the current economic situation, challenges may exist that necessitates the development of a decision framework. The aim of this framework should thus be to assist with informed decision-making; whether to invest in, or utilize opportunities that may occur within a given prospective “high” growth situation. In the light of all of this, a specific aviation entity desires to exploit possible business opportunities that may occur. Provided the relative high growth situation in the Aviation Industry, as mentioned above, the entity has a specific need for a decision tool which could determine whether to invest in new projects or not. In order to meet this need, a decision framework has been developed during this study. Considering the emphasis currently placed on wealth creation in the business environment, it is considered appropriate to utilize the value-based management approach in this study, with specific reference to capital budgeting techniques in developing a decision framework. Data for the study has been obtained from the participating aviation entity, who was considering investment in a specific project, given the previously referred to prospective high growth situation in the Aviation Industry. The decision framework or model was developed using Microsoft Excel as the development platform. Based on the input data, as received from the aviation entity, the results from the decision model indicated that the considered project was indeed financially viable. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The Aviation Industry in South Africa is considered to be a budding industry with an expected growth rate of 14% for each of the next three years. Considering that, plenty investment and expansion possibilities are probably available in this industry. Nonetheless, given the current economic situation, challenges may exist that necessitates the development of a decision framework. The aim of this framework should thus be to assist with informed decision-making; whether to invest in, or utilize opportunities that may occur within a given prospective “high” growth situation. In the light of all of this, a specific aviation entity desires to exploit possible business opportunities that may occur. Provided the relative high growth situation in the Aviation Industry, as mentioned above, the entity has a specific need for a decision tool which could determine whether to invest in new projects or not. In order to meet this need, a decision framework has been developed during this study. Considering the emphasis currently placed on wealth creation in the business environment, it is considered appropriate to utilize the value-based management approach in this study, with specific reference to capital budgeting techniques in developing a decision framework. Data for the study has been obtained from the participating aviation entity, who was considering investment in a specific project, given the previously referred to prospective high growth situation in the Aviation Industry. The decision framework or model was developed using Microsoft Excel as the development platform. Based on the input data, as received from the aviation entity, the results from the decision model indicated that the considered project was indeed financially viable. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Les changements climatiques sont plus que jamais expliqués et détaillés par les recherches scientifiques. Malgré tout, les négociations climatiques et les mesures internationales semblent avancer à une vitesse inférieure à ce que leurs rapports scientifiques recommandent. Il existe, cependant, plusieurs initiatives telles que les marchés du carbone qui, sans être mondiaux, émergent partout dans le monde. Ceux-ci ont peut-être le potentiel de produire une pression suffisante sur les émetteurs de CO[indice inférieur 2] afin de diminuer l’amplitude de la crise climatique qui guette l’humanité. Les marchés du carbone en activité sont régionaux, étatiques ou internationaux, mais il y aura très probablement, dans les prochaines années, un premier marché du carbone mondial et celui-ci sera sectoriel. En effet, le secteur de l’aviation civile internationale par le biais de l’Organisation de l’aviation civile internationale (OACI), projette de mettre en place un mécanisme de marché d’ici 2020. Dès 2005, l'encadrement des émissions de l'aviation civile internationale est étudié par la Commission européenne et l'étude aboutit à une décision officielle en 2008. Ainsi, a-t-elle décidé, dès le début de l’année 2013, de taxer, par le système communautaire d’échange de quotas d’émission européen tous les vols en provenance et au départ de destinations internationales traversant l’Union européenne. La décision de l'Union européenne a probablement précipité les négociations au sein de l’OACI, car elle a provoqué un véritable conflit diplomatique. En effet, de nombreux pays ont montré un désaccord certain avec cette mesure. Depuis, l’Union européenne a reporté l’ajout de l’aviation civile internationale dans son marché du carbone afin de diminuer les tensions en vue de la 38e Assemblée de l’OACI qui a eu lieu à la fin de 2013 et qui a abouti à la décision importante de mettre en place une mesure basée sur le marché pour 2020. Cependant, plusieurs désaccords ont émergé des négociations. Ainsi, dans ce mémoire, nous présenterons l’état de la situation et répondrons aux questions suivantes : quelles sont les dissensions au sein de l’OACI sur l’élaboration d’une mesure basée sur le marché et comment peuvent-elles être atténuées?

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1993 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / The On-board Data Interface Module (ODIM) was developed specifically to provide real-time casualty assessment telemetry data for the training environment on the instrumented range system at the U. S. Army National Training Center (NTC) located at Ft. Irwin, California. Real-time data acquisition and telemetry systems, such as the ODIM, which enhance the feed back capabilities of fielded training systems are becoming increasingly important to the Department of Defense in these times of shrinking defense budgets and decreasing global stability. The ODIM is designed to combine, process and transmit data from the AH-64 (Apache) 1553 data bus, the Aircraft Survivability Equipment (ASE) threat warnings, the on-board training system laser belt, cockpit kill indicators, and status data. The ODIM also downlinks the stored data though the Micro-B transceiver on the AH-64A. For the application at the NTC, the ODIM looks for very specific data from the AH-64 and the MILES/AGES II system. However, the ODIM is programmable to collect any of the data available from these systems. The uplink/ downlink available through the Micro-B transceiver allows the user access to the ODIM's features even from a remote location.