Darbo tikslas – įvertinti Naujagimiui palankios ligoninės principų įtaką pacienčių pasitenkinimui sveikatos priežiūros paslaugomis. Uždaviniai: 1) įvertinti pacienčių lūkesčius ir pasitenkinimą sveikatos priežiūros paslaugomis Kauno medicinos universiteto klinikų gimdymo stacionare įgyvendinant naujagimiui palankios ligoninės principus. 2) įvertinti pacienčių lūkesčius ir pasitenkinimą sveikatos priežiūros paslaugomis Vilniaus miesto universitetinės ligoninės gimdymo stacionare. 3) palyginti pacienčių lūkesčius ir pasitenkinimą sveikatos priežiūros paslaugomis gautomis Kauno medicinos universiteto klinikose ir Vilniaus miesto universitetinės ligoninėje gimdymo stacionaruose. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas buvo vykdomas 2009 m. vasario – kovo mėn.. Atrinktoms moterims, gimdžiusioms Kauno Medicinos Universiteto Akušerijos ir ginekologijos klinikoje ir Vilniaus miesto Universitetinės Antakalnio ligoninės moterų klinikoje, paštu buvo išsiųsti klausimynai. Išsiųsta 640 anketų, atsako dažnis – 94,4 proc. Anketinių duomenų analizei naudotas kompiuterinis SPSS 13.0 statistinis versijos paketas. Rezultatai. Kauno Medicinos Universiteto Klinikų gimdymo stacionare moterų lūkesčiai tapatūs su Naujagimiui palankios ligoninės principais. Jos patenkintos suteikiamomis komforto sąlygomis, teikiama informacija, aukštu medicininio personalo žinių lygiu. Vilniaus miesto universitetinės ligoninės gimdymo stacionare moterys atskirtos nuo savo naujagimių, neužtikrinta sėkmingo žindymo pradžia... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study – to evaluate influence of Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) on patients satisfaction with health services. Objectives: 1) to evaluate patients expectations and satisfaction with health services at Kaunas University Hospital birth center which is implementing BFHI; 2) to evaluate patients expectations and satisfaction with health services at Vilnius University Hospital birth center; 3) to compare patients expectations and satisfaction with health services at Kaunas University Hospital and Vilnius University Hospital birth centers. Methods. The study was conducted in February–March 2009. Selected sample of women who underwent deliveries at Kaunas University Hospital (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology) and at Vilnius University Hospital (Women Clinic of Antakalnis Hospital) received questionnaires via mail. Altogether 640 questionnaires were sent, the response rate reached 94.4%. Statistical data analysis was performed using „SPSS for Windows 13.0“ software. Results. Patients expectations at Kaunas University Hospital birth center meets the BFHI principles. Women are satisfied with provided comfort, information, and high competence of medical staff. At Vilnius University Hospital birth center women are separated from their babies, therea are no conditions for successful inititation of breastfeeding, poor staff communication. Conclusions. The comparison of patients expectations at Kaunas and Vilnius universities hospitals birth centers revealed no... [to full text]

Effect of soil moisture potential (?), temperature (T), genotype, seeding depth (SD) and rate (SR) on seedling emergence (SE), emergence velocity (EV), root yield and grades of cut and peel carrots were studied. SE was reduced at –120 kPa and totally inhibited at -156 kPa. EV was the lowest at – 5 kPa and – 90 kPa. SE was delayed by 33 d at 5°C, reduced at 30°C and totally inhibited at 35 and 40 °C. Heat units 99.75 and 159.60°Cd were the lowest to initiate and complete SE respectively while the optimum was 300 – 350 °Cd. There was no interaction effect between ? and T on SE. Honey snax at 85 seeds/ 30 cm showed the best SE whereas, Triton recorded the highest total yield at 2.54 cm SD and Fancy yield at 85 seeds/ 30 cm implying certain crop ecological and management factors can influence SE, root yield and quality.

<p>The study proposed to conduct a descriptive study related to the correlation of infant feeding (EFF or EBF) and occurrence of morbidity diarrhoea and/or respiratory infections, in infants by 14 weeks of age. The study adopted a quantitative epistemological approach in seeking to describe the correlation of infant feeding and the occurrence of diarrhoea or respiratory infections by 14 weeks of age. The researcher embarked on a descriptive survey design and employed the questionnaire method during the data collection process. The Amathole District of the Eastern Cape Province was selected due to the accessibility of the targeted population. The unique demographic profile and rural-urban setting allows for a potentially rich data source whilst simultaneously reducing the potential incidence of bias in the data collection. The study sample was drawn from routine immunization and growth monitoring clinics in the Amathole district.</p>

<p>Disclosure of HIV positive status to male partners is well established as a key element in the success of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV programmes, as it helps improve adherence to ARVs by the women within these programme. However, partner notification rates remain low in the urban areas of Lusaka, Zambia against a high HIV prevalence of 25%. The purpose of this study was to explore the timing of disclosure as part of the process of disclosure amongst women who were part of the PMTCT services at Kaulu health centre in Lusaka. An exploratory descriptive study using qualitative research methods was conducted. 15 women, who were attending the Kaulu health centre PMTCT programme, were requested to participate in a semi-structured interview. The women, who were purposively selected with the aid of the health centre‟s PMTCT focal point nurse, had to have disclosed their HIV positive status to their partner, either before or during the course of their pregnancy or after delivery. To increase rigour,&nbsp / individual interviews were conducted with 5 health workers associated with the PMTCT programme so as to obtain their perspective and experiences on the issue of HIV disclosure amongst their PMTCT patients. Participation in the study was voluntary and all information obtained during the course of the interviews remained confidential and secure. Potential participants were each provided with an explanation of the purpose and process of the study and their informed written consent obtained before the researcher embarked on the interviews. Content analysis of the transcripts was done so as to develop coding categories and identify emerging themes. Disclosure to male partners is an important step in PMTCT and facilitates adherence to HIV care for the family and should be done as early as possible after the woman receives her HIV test result, though there exists a range of alternative times when it can be done. The relationship existing between a couple is very important in determining the timing of when a woman chooses to disclose. PMTCT services need to provide ongoing counselling for HIV positive women during pregnancy and after giving birth that supports, informs and equips them with the necessary skills to make an informed and timely decision about disclosure to a partner. In addition, the PMTCT service providers need to be encouraged to implement couple counselling as a strategy to facilitate disclosure as well as establishment of a peer support network for HIV positive pregnant women. The study findings will be used to contribute to health workers‟ capacity to support women manage the disclosure process to their male partners, thus helping to increase the disclosure rate and also contributing to improving the positive effect of the PMTCT services, in Lusaka, Zambia</p>

Sex and sexuality are embodied experiences that are highly constructed by society. Sexual acts are subject to varied historical meanings, both dominant and subversive, which change over time and space. This dissertation explores how embodied heterosexual married sexual experiences were constructed for, and by, women in the immediate postwar era (1946-1966) and how that sexuality interacted with related social paradigms such as gender roles, motherhood, and femininity within English Canada. Using the body as a lens, this dissertation explores how three main sites of authoritative discourse attempted to police postwar sexual bodies through the creation of ideal, or Leviathan, bodies and associated systems of encoded knowledges and mores called “body politics.” The first case study examines the medicalized body, using the Canadian Medical Association Journal demonstrating how mothers were constructed as the keystones of their families; it reveals the intimate ties between familial gender and sexual role deviance and reproductive illnesses in women’s bodies. The second case study examines how the Anglican, United and Roman Catholic Churches reframed sex as sacramental for English Canadian married couples encouraging them to engage in sexual coitus to both strengthen their marriages and renew their spiritual connection to God. The third case study uses I Love Lucy to interrogate how mass media created and reflected postwar sexual and gender norms while simultaneously subverting them, generating a carnivalesque situation of tightly contained deviance. This dissertation then moves on to examine how the discourses of the previous three chapters affected actual women as demonstrated by a series of eighteen interviews with women who married between 1939 and 1966. The oral histories establish that actual corporeal bodies were at best distorted, or “fun house,” mirrors that only ever reflected imperfect copies of the ideal bodies they were supposed to emulate. In addition to making significant contributions to the historiographies of each of the case studies contained therein, this dissertation adds new knowledges about the ways that “normal” bodies work throughout history, creating simultaneous continuity and change, as well as how sexuality and gender norms are intimately connected within the realm of the body.

Bakgrunn: Norskehelsemyndigheter anbefaler i tråd med WHO / UNICEF at spedbarn bør få morsmelk som eneste næring i de første seks levemånedene. Ammingen bør opprettholdes gjennom hele det første leveåret samtidig med at fast føde introduseres. Rutiner ved føde-/ barselavdelingene har stor innvirkning på etablering og varighet av ammingen. Bruk av tilleggsnæring uten medisinsk grunnkan føretil at færre mødre fullammer og at de har en kortere ammeperiode. Mål: Studere endring av rutiner som fremmer amming ved norske fødeenheter med et spesielt fokus på perioden1991-2009, rett før og etter lanseringen av Mor-barn-vennlig initiativ (MBVI). Beskrive situasjonen med den fortløpende registreringen av amming og spedbarn som får tilleggsnæring ved landets fødeenheter. Metode: Ammeundersøkelsen som er gjennomført hvert 9. år, er en deskriptiv tverrsnitt studie. Fødeenhetene besvarte et tilsendt spørreskjema med spørsmål om avdelingens ammerutiner for det forutgående år, retrospektivt. En fortløpende registreringpå tilsendt registreringsskjema, av amming og bruk av tillegg til 20 friske, fullbårne barn ved hver fødeenhet, tilsammen 984 barn, ble gjort prospektivt. Resultat: Fødeenhetenes rutinerhar i hovedsak endret seg i tråd med helsemyndighetenes anbefalinger, bortsett frapraksis med å gi tilleggsnæring til friske, fullbårne barn som skal ammes. Registreringen av amming og bruk av tilleggbekrefter svarene fra Ammeundersøkelsen. 30 % av de registrerte barna fikk tilleggsnæring minst en gang under barseloppholdet, og de fleste fikk det av en ikke medisinsk grunn. Konklusjon: Unødig bruk av tilleggsnæring er en indikator på at avdelingens ammepraksis ikke fungerer tilfredsstilende. / Background: In concurrence with the World Health Organization and UNICEF, Norwegian health authorities recommend exclusive breastfeeding for infants during the first six months of life. Thereafter, recommendations suggest the continuance of breastfeeding for the first year of life, while introducing complementary food. Routines in maternity wards have a huge impact on the establishment and duration of breastfeeding. Consequently, supplemental nutrition that lacks medical justification may reduce exclusive breastfeeding, and associates with early termination of breastfeeding. Objective: This study aimed to examine changes in maternity ward routines with regard to breastfeeding, focusing particularly on the period between 1991 and 2009, immediately before and after Norway launched the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. In addition we examined the continuous registration of breastfeeding and the provision of breast-milk substitutes in the maternity units. Methods: Norway conducts a descriptive and cross-sectional National Breastfeeding Survey (Ammeundersøkelsen) every 9th year. The 53 head midwifes responded retrospectively to a questionnaire about their units’ breastfeeding practices the preceding year. In addition each unit registered breastfeeding and the use of breast milk substitutes for 20 healthy term infants, a total of 984 infants, prospectively. Results: Except for non-medical use of breast-milk substitutes, changes in breastfeeding routines mostly adhered to health authority recommendations. The registration of breastfeeding and breast-milk substitutes confirms our findings. Thirty percent of registered babies received breast-milk substitutes at least once during their stay in the maternity ward, and most received a substitute due to a non-medical reason. Conclusion: The use of breast-milk substitutes for non-medical reasons indicates that hospitals’ breastfeeding routines are not satisfactory. / <p>ISBN 978-91-86739-97-3</p>

Canada’s aging population is expected to have an impact on all public institutions; for public libraries, the emergence of a large, multi-generational user group of older adults challenges the current paradigm of services to seniors. This thesis examines a subset of this user group: baby boomer library patrons who are in a caring relationship with elders. It investigates how these patrons interact with the public library both for themselves, and as carers, in order to reveal library-related issues particular to this growing segment of the population. The study takes place within a conceptual framework derived from the ethic of care, and from emerging theories of library-as-place rooted in the fields of human geography and sociology. Using a qualitative instrumental case study method, long form interviews were conducted with respondents recruited through theoretical sampling extended by snowball sampling. While not generalizable, findings suggest that while these baby boomer respondents value their libraries deeply, there is potential to create services and practices more attuned to the needs of older adults who are in relationships with elders.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 225-230).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:35:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5206.pdf: 2320341 bytes, checksum: be12ab247cc9e581e622458ccc72e019 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-29 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / This research aimed to discuss the theoretical and methodological foundations of Sociology of Childhood, trying to answer some methodological challenges that arise for research with babies, from a dialogue with English speakers scholars. This is a qualitative theoretical and bibliographic research, which some contributions of the genealogy as proposed by Foucault. From the analysis of the scientific production of Alison James, Chris Jenks, Alan Prout, Jens Qvortrup, Leena Alanen and William Corsaro, we question the value of concepts and methodologies proposed for the study of children (such as the concepts of childhood, generation, and peer cultures) in case of the studies of babies. We emphasize the necessity of constituting theoretically the baby inside Childhood Studies, as an independent analytical category. We already emphasize that babies should not be studied adopting the same concepts used for the study of children and even using the same methodologies. We put in a dialogue the ideas of Foucault, Deleuze and Simondon, presents the work of Jenks (2005) and Prout (2005), and using some concepts from these scholars, we defend the idea that there is a difference between babies and children that cannot be ignored. From the ideas of these authors, we argue that "babies" are beings immersed in the pre-individual condition. Are becomings, difference, pure potentiality not individuated; while children are individuals who have an identity (of age, gender, cultural belonging, ethnic-racial, etc..) that babies don t have. In terms of methodology, we point out that this singular condition of babies cannot be studied from any methodology. This way, we highlight the cartography proposed by Deleuze, the schizoanalysis , used by Guattari, the Transgressive Method of Bataille and the methodology of Actor-Network Theory , as some apparently promising methodologies for the study of babies. / Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo discutir os fundamentos teórico-metodológicos da Sociologia da Infância de língua inglesa, buscando responder a alguns desafios metodológicos que se colocam para as pesquisas com bebês. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter teórico, que utilizou alguns aportes da genealogia, tal como proposta por Michel Foucault. A partir da análise da produção bibliográfica de Alison James, Chris Jenks, Alan Prout, Jens Qvortrup, Leena Alanen e William Corsaro, problematizamos a utilização de conceitos e metodologias, para o estudo dos bebês, propostos para o estudo das crianças (tais como os conceitos de infância, geração, e culturas de pares) e ressaltamos a necessidade de constituirmos teoricamente o bebê no interior dos Estudos da Infância, como uma categoria analítica independente. Destacamos que os bebês não devem ser estudados a partir dos mesmos conceitos utilizados para o estudo das crianças e nem a partir das mesmas metodologias. Colocando em diálogo algumas ideias de Foucault, Deleuze e Simondon, presentes na obra de Jenks (2005) e Prout (2005), defendemos a ideia de que existe uma diferença entre os bebês e as crianças que não pode ser ignorada. A partir de conceitos desses autores, argumentamos que bebês são seres imersos numa condição pré-individual. São devires, diferença, pura potencialidade não individuada; enquanto as crianças são também indivíduos/sujeitos constituindo-se por meio de identidades (etária, de gênero, de pertencimento cultural, étnico-racial, etc.) que não estão presentes, ainda, nos bebês. Em termos metodológicos, apontamos que essa condição singular dos bebês não pode ser estudada a partir de metodologias já consagradas às crianças, e destacamos a cartografia de Deleuze, a esquizoanálise de Guattari, o método transgressivo de Bataille e a metodologia da Teoria do Ator-Rede como algumas possibilidades metodológicas aparentemente promissoras para o estudo dos bebês.

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-11-22T17:58:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula.pdf: 2163250 bytes, checksum: 9224d06f3a657c18defd407f483131cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-22T17:58:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula.pdf: 2163250 bytes, checksum: 9224d06f3a657c18defd407f483131cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The obstetric reality in Brazil has been through significant changes over the past two years. Since 1970, the number of Cesarean sections has constantly increased in the country and worldwide. In 2014, in Brazil, it reached 52% of the deliveries, even though surgical births levels above 15% do not indicate protection for mother and baby, according to the WHO. The literature indicates that children born by Elective C-section without labor are at higher risk of biological development problems, but few studies address the consequences in the psychological aspects. The objective of this study was to compare the psychological development among babies born of elective C-section and normal delivery, considering the few data available in the literature. Considering the exclusion criteria, the sample consisted of 263 children aged between 6 and 42 months. The instruments used were: a sociodemographic questionnaire to be answered by the mother, and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development – 3rd Edition. For this study the scale was standardized and the sample data collected normalized using percentile calculation. These data were collected individually and statistically analyzed through the SPSS - Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 21. The results pointed out the delivery method and the gestational age at birth as risk factors for child’s psychological development. The correlations among those born by vaginal delivery or elective C-section showed a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). Among the latter, 12% presented inferior performance in relation to sensory processing, and 10 to 19% in adaptive behavior skills. The correlations with gestational age at birth, also revealed a statistically significant difference (p <0.05): 12% of the preterm infants presented lower results in the development of expressive language and 9% in fine motor skills. These results indicate that, in addition to the losses in physical development, widely described in the national and international literature, there is evidence of psychological impairment. Signs of compatibility and divergence between the US and local samples were observed. / A realidade obstétrica no país vem sofrendo alterações significativas nos últimos dois anos. Desde 1970 tem sido crescente o número de cesarianas no país e no mundo. Em 2014, o número de partos cirúrgicos no Brasil chegou a 52%, apesar de índices superiores a 15% de partos cirúrgicos não indicarem proteção à mãe e ao bebê, segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde. A literatura aponta que crianças nascidas por cesárea eletiva sem trabalho de parto enfrentam maior risco de problemas em seu desenvolvimento orgânico, mas poucos estudos abordam as consequências nos aspectos psicológicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o desenvolvimento psicológico entre bebês nascidos de cesárea eletiva e de parto normal, uma vez que há poucos dados disponíveis na literatura. Considerando os critérios de exclusão, foi utilizada amostra composta por 263 crianças com idades entre 6 e 42 meses. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: questionário sociodemográfico respondido pela mãe da criança e a Bayley Scales of Infant Development – 3rd Edition. Foi realizada a padronização da escala e a normatização dos dados amostrais através do cálculo de percentil, para uso neste estudo. Estes dados foram coletados individualmente e analisados estatisticamente através do SPSS - Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 21. Os resultados apontaram a via de parto e a idade gestacional ao nascer como fatores de risco ao desenvolvimento psicológico da criança. Nas correlações realizadas entre os nascidos por parto vaginal ou cesárea eletiva, foi verificada diferença estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05). Dentre estes últimos, 12% apresentaram desempenho inferior em relação ao processamento sensorial, e 10 a 19% nas habilidades do comportamento adaptativo. Nas correlações com a idade gestacional ao nascer, também se observou diferença estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05): 12% dos nascidos a termo precoce apresentaram resultados inferiores no desenvolvimento da linguagem expressiva e 9% na motricidade fina. Estes resultados indicam que, além dos prejuízos no desenvolvimento físico, amplamente descrito pela literatura nacional e internacional, há indícios de comprometimento psicológico. Observaram-se indícios de compatibilidade e divergências entre as amostras norte-americana e local.