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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

結構型商品之評價與分析-11倍利差連動債券與Fortune Accumulator

于書婷, Yu, Shu Ting Unknown Date (has links)
本文分別評價了美元交換利率連結之結構型商品及在香港發行的一檔股權結構型商品,並針對其風險、報酬及條款設計進行分析與建議。文中所評價的利率結構型商品為「11倍利差連動債券」,在對數常態遠期LIBOR模型(LFM)的假設下,我們先利用市場報價的Swaption求出期初的殖利率,再以殖利率求算期初的遠期利率。而交換利率可由一連串的遠期LIBOR利率計算出來,模擬之前我們還需先校準模型的波動度函數及相關係數函數,再使用最小平方法蒙地卡羅模擬利率路徑,以處理此商品的提前贖回條件。另一個股權結構型商品為「Fortune Accumulator」,假設股價變動皆符合幾何布朗運動(Geometric Brownian Motion),並且在風險中立的條件下,其動態過程可經由Ito’s Process轉換出其股價路徑,再利用蒙地卡羅模擬來求算其合理價格。
12

結構型金融商品之評價與應用---固定期限交換利率利差連動與股權連動債券

熊紹強, Hsiung, Shao Chiang Unknown Date (has links)
本文分別評價了目前市面上最常見的利率連動與股權連動之結構型商品,並針對其風險及條款設計進行分析。文中所選擇的利率結構型商品為「10年期長短期利差型連動債券」,在對數常態遠期LIBOR模型(LFM)的假設下,首先利用市場報價校準參數化之波動度及相關係數函數,再使用最小平方法蒙地卡羅模擬利率路徑,以處理此商品的提前贖回條件。另一個股權結構型商品為「美日爭鋒連動債」,由於此商品包含S&P500與Nikkei225兩個連結標的指數,文中針對兩指數套用不同的參數以利後續的蒙地卡羅模擬之進行,並依此求算其合理價格。文末,針對此兩商品所必須注意的風險,本文亦提出了建議。
13

混合結構型商品個案分析 / Hybrid structure product case analysis

游宗憲, Yu, Tsung Hsien Unknown Date (has links)
2008年初,正值美國籠罩次級房貸風暴影響、全球經濟景氣趨緩、產油國地緣政治因素造成能源價格創新高…等險峻經濟狀況之際,投資銀行設計一包含 :搭配出局條款之CMS Spread雪球型利率結構商品及結合附加WTI上限、USD/JPY匯率上下限之異型選擇權的混合結構性商品提案。本文依據標的資產屬性,參考相關文獻及近期在頂級期刊發表之利率資產評價模型研究中,選用Extended BGM模型(Ting-Pin Wu, and Son-Nan Chen(2007))、遠期曲線模型及匯率評價模型為個案之基礎評價模型;以無套利觀念依取得之市場各資產相關公開報價資料估算各模型所需之參數;由於屬於雪球利率結構型商品及路徑相關特性,在目前相關文獻無封閉解的條件下,使用蒙地卡羅模擬獲得未來各資產之現金流折現值,進而計算預期理論價值。依據上述方法論評價所獲得之預期理論價格顯示,個案並非具公平價值之交易,依此結論強烈建議客戶不應該承做本交易。 個案相當於投資銀行以買入一個5年期附帶出局條件,隱含看空經濟景氣循環之CMS Spread選擇權及買入一個1年期看空WTI價格選擇權建構此混合結構性商品。為強化客戶承做意願,設立一似乎觸及機會很大,但從交易後至今從未觸及的出局條件,又透過每日數位選擇權計息方式將WTI波動度資產化,提供大於10%之相對LIBOR rate 很高,但實際是被低估之半年收息固定費率。由於雪球型利率結構型商品特性,收益不僅取決於是否達成交易付款條件,更重要因素是達成時間點之速度。 在蒙地卡羅模擬資產價格路徑中,觸及頭一次CMS Spread付款條件天數之眾數區間為125至135,貼近實際136天。從評價結果,交易之付款條件內已隱含透過兩個不同標的資產選擇權之高預期獲利相互達到避險、套利及強化收益等效益;投資銀行可以不用額外對受眾多複雜不確定因數影響之WTI價格採取避險策略,而將所有避險成本轉嫁於選擇權賣方的客戶。在資本計提規範下及確保未來預期收益之考量下,投資銀行唯一要做是以低成本尋求中介銀行進行背對背交易以強化因市場風險所衍生之信用風險。 從研究過程,不禁讚嘆個案是投資銀行設計建構在財務工程科學上的卓越藝術及策略,從它一旦出現世界上之瞬間,個人預估其價值將達34,211,458.09美元! / Early 2008 was a steep economic era when U.S. was enveloped by subprimemortgage crisis, world's economy was slowing down, and energy prices were pushed to a historical record high by oil geopolitical factors. Under this situation, an investmentbank designed a hybrid structure product, which includes a CMS Spread Snowball interest rate structured product with USD/JPY FX rate Knock out condition, a WTIoption of an additional upper limit, a USD/JPY exchange rate combined exotic option of upper and lower limits. After considering assets attributes and reviewing the relevant literature and recent research published in top journals related to the interest rate assetpricing model, Extended BGM model (Ting-Pin Wu, and Son-Nan Chen (2007)), forward curve model, and FX Rate model are selected as the basic pricing models. Tocalculate the expected theoretical value of this structured product, the unavailable model parameters of assets are estimated through the public market data based on thearbitrage-free concept, and the discounted values of the assets future cash flows are obtained by Monte Carlo simulation because of snowball interest rate structured product and path dependency characteristic and no close form solution in current relevant literature. The results of the pricing models shows that the net present value(NPV) received by customers is lower than that received by the investment bank, theconclusion is : Strongly recommend customers should not to do this trade ! In this case, the investment bank used a long position of one 5-year period CMSSpread Option with knock out condition, which implies Bearish on the economic cycle, and a short position of a 1-year period WTI option with up and low limits condition to construct this hybrid structure product. To draw customers’ attention to this proposal, the investment bank designed a knock out condition that seemed to be met very easily,but the price never touched by the article finished date. Additionally, a daily accrued digital option is used to transfer WTI volatility to a semi-annual fixed yield over 10% that, compared to LIBOR Rate, is very high but actually is underestimated. For theSnowball structure product, the total profit depends on not only when but also, more importantly, how soon to meet the payment condition. According to the asset pricing path generated by Monte Carlo simulation, the mode range which CMS Spread payment condition first met is 125 to 135 days after the contract’s value date, very close to the actually history data of 136 days. From pricing results, terms of contract implied that two different options combined to hedge risk and gain profit from each other. Hence, the investment bank does not need to make extrahedge strategy to WTI price which is impacted by more complicated risk factors.However, customer must spend hedge cost because of taking much risk as a sell option role. Under the Capital Charge regulation, to lock up the expected profit, what the investment bank needs to do is only to pay a very low cost fee, which like insurancepremium, to look for an intermediary bank to offer a back to back trade to manage thecredit risk caused by market risk! During the research of this paper, I am amazed what an excellent art and strategy that designed by the investment bank based on financial engineering science! As this structure product appeared in this world, I estimated that it would worth 34,211,458.09 USD.
14

三因子BGM模型下匯率連動固定期利率交換商品之評價 / A valuation of quanto constant maturity swap products under the three-factor BGM model

楊繡碧 Unknown Date (has links)
匯率連動固定期利率交換商品可做為國外利率交換的輔助工具以提高交換利差的利潤或鎖住現行利差以管理利率風險。以往對匯率連動固定期利率交換商品的評價通常是利用蒙地卡羅模擬法來模擬進行,但這樣的評價方式通常較耗時。本文應用國外遠期交換利率近似於國外遠期LIBOR利率之線性組合的特徵來設定BGM模型下國外遠期交換利率的近似動態過程。基於國外遠期交換利率的近似動態,我們推導出三因子BGM模型下評價匯率連動固定期利率交換利差選擇權及匯率連動固定期利率交換輪棘選擇權的無套利解析公式。數值分析的結果顯示不同履約價下蒙地卡羅模擬法估計值的標準差都很小,表示其變異不大,所以用蒙地卡羅模擬法作為指標方法來比較近似公式解法計算之數值與它的差異應是可以接受的。最後,數值分析的結果亦顯示上述兩種商品在不同履約價下無套利解析公式解法對應蒙地卡羅模擬法的相對誤差都很小且無套利解析公式解法之計算效率亦優於蒙地卡羅模擬法,所以我們建議可在實務上應用近似公式解法來評價匯率連動固定期利率交換利差選擇權及匯率連動固定期利率交換輪棘選擇權兩種商品。
15

結構型金融商品之評價與分析-固定期限交換利率利差連動債券 / Evaluation and Analysis of Structured Financial Products-100% Principal Protected Leveraged Callable CMS Spread Note

李健維 Unknown Date (has links)
次級房貸風暴使得包裝複雜的衍生性金融商品紛紛遭受波及後,目前結構型金融商品的條款設計將朝簡單化和透明化的趨勢發展,有助於全球金融市場的效率性、完整性與穩定性。本文從市場上選擇具代表性的利率結構型商品,應用模型來推導商品的價格,並深入分析商品的報酬與風險型態。 本文分析的個案商品為全球知名的匯豐銀行所發行之十年期「固定期限交換利率利差連動債券」,在評價上將採用LIBOR市場模型,利用市場上既有的資料求算出期初遠期利率,並校準模型所需的參數化波動度函數與相關係數函數,建立與市場一致的利率期間結構與利率波動度期間結構。模擬路徑時應用最小平方法蒙地卡羅來求得該商品發行之期初價格,此外,亦採用反向變異法加速收斂效果,並針對商品的條款設計作拆解與分析。最後,本文探討了發行機構發行商品之風險與避險策略,並且從投資人之報酬及風險層面作詳盡地剖析。
16

考慮信用及利率風險下之可轉債評價 / Pricing convertible bonds with credit risk and interest rate risk

凃宗旻 Unknown Date (has links)
可轉換公司債是給予持有者於債券存續期間內行使轉換為股票之複合式證券,除了債券性質外,內嵌的股票選擇權便屬於美式選擇權。而在本文中,針對內含美式選擇權的公司債評價是使用最小平方蒙地卡羅的數值分析,主要原因在於可轉債本身的條款彈性高,加上可轉債可能涉及之標的資產為兩個以上或狀態變數也可能具有多個維度(dimension)。此外,針對可轉債發行公司本身的信用問題,本文則採用縮減式(reduced-form)模型來處理其違約風險問題。依據A. Takahashi, T. Kobayashi, and N. Nakagawa認為採用結構式(structured-form)的缺點為參數難以校準,並列出下面兩論點認為使用縮減式的優點在於: 1. 違約事件將可能造成股價跳躍(jump)現象。 2. 在Duffie and Singleton方法下,資產隨機過程不必設定jump term,仍可設定為擴散過程(diffusion process)。 至於在利率期間結構方面,雖然Brennan and Schwartz(1980)認為實務上,考量利率的隨機性除了降低評價的效率性之外,與利率設定為常數相比,其差異不大。但針對為何差異不大的原因,本文認為利率對於純粹債券之價值影響為負向關係,而對於股票買權則是正向關係,故使得最後可轉債的影響則不明顯。然而,在目前「可轉債資產交換」等可轉債相關衍生性商品相繼推陳出新之下,使得可轉債的純粹債券與選擇權的個別要素評價也是相當重要。所以本文在利率風險的建構上將使用BGM模型來描述利率的隨機過程。

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