Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Political Science, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

No description available.

Thesis (M.A.)--Cleveland State University, 2009. / Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 17, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-54). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center. Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Geography. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 305-324). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR19799

Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-100). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

This thesis focuses on the experiences of Bangladeshi pupils attending schools in England in the context of their perceived underachievement in the English school system. Statistical studies in the 1970s and 1980s established that Bangladeshi pupils were doing very poorly in school while later surveys in the 1990s continued to show Bangladeshi pupils as low achieving. The study explores 'What is it in the lives, backgrounds and schooling experiences of Bangladeshi pupils that helps and hinders them in learning and achieving in the English school system?' The study also questions the appropriateness of considering pupils in terms of their ethnicity in relation to achievement. An ethnographic case study approach was adopted so that the micro-processes of learning and being a pupil could be examined. Six Bangladeshi children were identified in one predominantly white, rural county. The six children were attending three different schools in the same city. The research was thus conducted in three different classrooms over the period of one year. Data were collected through unstructured observations and in-depth semistructured and unstructured interviews. Families, teachers and other children in the classrooms were included in the research. The case studies show how the children's teachers came to assess the case study children and their learning needs through the ways in which the children took part in teacher-pupil classroom interaction. Each case study shows how these teacher assessments affected each child's access to resources such as support and to opportunities for using language and learning in the classroom. The case study pupils were particularly vulnerable because their under-resourced teachers rarely recognised their English as an Additional Language (EAL) needs. As a result 'within-child' explanations, often connected to mistaken assumptions about the child's home, culture or Muslim identity, were then called on to explain poor work or inattention. The case study children were also vulnerable because their teachers only considered their academic performance in relation to other Bangladeshi or EAL pupils and not in relation to the other White English language background children in the classroom. Where pupil needs were recognised and provided for the focus of support was on modifying behaviour so that pupils behaved like an 'ideal pupil' rather than on developing the appropriate English language needed for accessing the curriculum and becoming or remaining an achieving pupil. Other kinds of support resulted in 'fragmented' learning experiences and being placed in supported lower sets from which movement into higher sets was not possible. The case studies also show how some of the case study children took part in reading interactions with their teachers and appeared as successful readers although they were not able to read for meaning. These particular case studies demonstrate that learning the interaction patterns of reading in the Early Years classroom is not enough to allow a pupil to become a successful reader and that what counts as reading in different contexts and literacy practices needs to be given attention. The case studies also reveal how some of the case study children were hindered in their learning and achievement in school by their lack of access to resources outside school. These included having someone at home to help them with their English school reading and homework as well as their access to pre-school education. The study concludes by suggesting that to focus on achievement in terms of ethnicity conceals the language needs of many Bangladeshi pupils and the role that these play in achievement. To this end a trajectory of what needs to be acquired in terms of language and literacy to be a successful pupil in English schools is provided. The question of why Bangladeshi pupils have been one of the lowest achieving pupil groups in England is then addressed and it is concluded from the data provided by the study that having few economic, social and cultural resources can make it difficult for a pupil to achieve in school, as can being an EAL pupil with unmet language needs or being a pupil with home literacy and learning practices that are different to the literacy and learning practices of English schools. Taken alone none of these situations necessarily predicates underachievement, yet some of the pupils in this study found themselves disadvantages by all three situations.

Contexte: De récentes études ont explicitement démontré que les communautés d’immigrants doivent affronter des difficultés particulières afin d'accéder aux services de santé et font face à des disparités sanitaires significatives, subissant l'effet de déterminants sociaux sous-jacents de la santé (DSS). Les immigrants représentant un pourcentage grandissant de la population dans de nombreux pays développés, mieux comprendre et supprimer ces barrières est une des grandes priorités. En se fondant sur l'utilisation d'une structure DSS, cette thèse contribue aux recherches actuelles concernant l'accès aux services de santé parmi les populations d'immigrants bangladais dans trois villes internationales : Lisbonne (Portugal), Bruxelles (Belgique) et Boston (Massachusetts, U.S.A.). À cet effet, elle apporte des précisions sur les données qualitatives limitées disponibles concernant les communautés immigrantes bangladaises qui vivent sur les sites de recherche mentionnés ci-dessus.Résultats: Les résultats obtenus ont montré que les immigrants bangladais vivant sur ces trois sites de recherche possèdent une vision généralement holistique de la santé et du bien-être. Les pressions de l'acculturation et l'isolement social constituent deux des DSS pertinents ayant une influence sur la santé et l'accès aux services sanitaires. Parmi les principaux enjeux de santé et besoins en soins de cette communauté, les problèmes de santé mentale et l'isolement social, l'alimentation et les habitudes alimentaires, le manque d'activité physique, des niveaux élevés de diabète et de maladies cardiovasculaires ont été identifiés comme facteurs influençant. Certaines valeurs culturelles associées à des motivations d'ordre économique peuvent conditionner l'importance que les individus accordent à leur santé. A titre d'exemple, l'obligation envers la famille, profondément ancrée dans la culture bangladaise, se traduit souvent chez les immigrants travaillant à l'étranger par un sentiment de pression économique et se manifeste par un stress chronique et un déséquilibre entre vie professionnelle et vie personnelle. La communication et les barrières linguistiques apparaissent comme étant les principaux freins à l'engagement des immigrants bangladais avec les prestataires de soins. Enfin, le type ainsi que le contexte de l'immigration joue un rôle important dans l'utilisation des services de santé par les immigrants bangladais: le sentiment d’être dans une situation transitoire sur le lieu où ils se trouvent tel qu'à Lisbonne et Bruxelles, en opposition à une perspective d'établissement plus permanent tel qu'à Boston, semble influencer l'utilisation active de soins de santé continus.Conclusion: Les problèmes de santé de chaque individu, la situation de leur statut d'immigrant et les circonstances familiales ont joué un rôle sur la manière dont les membres de la communauté bangladaise ont accédé et utilisé les services de santé sur chaque site de recherche. Bien que les liens sociaux au sein des communautés bangladaises vivant à l'étranger soient forts, tous les individus ne se trouvaient pas nécessairement en contact avec les membres de leur communauté. Ceci met en exergue le besoin d'un engagement et d'une sensibilisation auprès des immigrants susceptibles de ne pas bénéficier de la protection du capital social de leur communauté. Cette dissertation a permis de dresser le profil des déterminants sociaux influençant l'accès aux services de santé de la communauté immigrante bangladaise, avec pour objectif d'informer les professionnels travaillant avec cette population. A cet effet, les conclusions de cette recherche seront partagées avec les participants et intervenants de chaque site d'études afin de renforcer la compréhension des communautés immigrantes bangladaises et accroître les ressources mises à leur disposition. / Background: Recent studies clearly identify that immigrant communities experience specific challenges in accessing health care services, and face significant health disparities, that are impacted by underlying social determinants of health (SDH). As immigrants comprise an increasing percentage of the population in many developed nations, a better understanding and eliminating of these barriers is a major priority. Using an SDH framework, this dissertation contributes to the current research regarding access to health services among Bangladeshi immigrant populations in three international cities: Lisbon (Portugal), Brussels (Belgium), and Boston (MA-USA). In doing so, it expands upon the limited qualitative data available that concerns Bangladeshi immigrant communities living in these aforementioned research sites.Methods: This dissertation utilized a qualitative descriptive research design to comprehend issues from the perspective of both immigrant community members and service providers. The findings presented in this study, therefore, focus on data analyzed from 45 original in-depth interviews with Bangladeshi immigrant community members (n=32) and service providers (n=13) across Lisbon, Brussels, and Boston. Data was collected primarily using a semi-structured interview guide.Results: Bangladeshi immigrants living across the three research sites possess an overall holistic view of health and well-being according to results. Relevant SDH affecting health and accessing health services included pressures of acculturation and social isolation. The following were identified as some of the key community health issues and care needs: mental health and social isolation, food and dietary habits, lack of exercise, high levels of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Certain cultural values coupled with economic motivators may influence the way individuals prioritize their health. For example, the obligation towards family that is deeply embedded in Bangladeshi culture often translated to feelings of economic pressure by immigrants working abroad and manifested as chronic stress and a work-life imbalance. Communication and language barriers emerged as the most prominent issue of engagement between Bangladeshi immigrants and service providers. Finally, the type and context of immigration played in important role in health service utilization by Bangladeshi immigrants: a transitory outlook on their current location such as in Lisbon and Brussels, as opposed to a more permanent outlook in Boston, appeared to influence the active uptake of continuous health care.Conclusion: Individual health priorities, immigration status, and family circumstances affected how Bangladeshi community members accessed and utilized health services at each research site. Although social networks in Bangladeshi communities abroad were strong, not all individuals were necessarily connected with their fellow community members. This underlines the need to initiate engagement and outreach to immigrant individuals who may fall outside of the protection of social capital in their community. This dissertation has established a profile of social determinants impacting access to health services for Bangladeshi immigrant communities, with the purposes of informing professionals working within this population. As such, results will be shared with participants and stakeholders at each of the study sites in order to strengthen the understanding of and resources available to Bangladeshi immigrant communities.

This study investigated the challenges and parent-adolescent relationship factors that contribute to resilience and the successful adjustment of Bangladeshi families following immigration to Canada. The systems framework of family resilience (Walsh, 2006) was used to interpret how Bangladeshi immigrant adolescents and parents experienced and navigated immigration challenges. Using a qualitative approach, four adolescent girls and four parents of adolescents were interviewed to inquire into their experience of challenges related to adolescent development, the immigrant experiences, and parentadolescent relationships influencing their post-immigration adjustment. Immigrant adolescents faced language and cultural barriers, bullying and discrimination in their school environment while rituals, customs and values from their culture of origin diminished. They felt pressured by their parent’s career expectations and felt they suffered gender discrimination in the family. Parents faced economic and career challenges and a difficult parenting experience. Optimism about the future, parental encouragement, mutual empathy of each other’s struggles, sharing feelings, open and clear communication, flexibility in parenting style and anchoring in cultural values and religious beliefs helped parents and adolescents become more resilient in maintaining a positive outlook with a positive view of their immigration. In some cases, the challenges of immigration pulled the families closer together in mutual support. It is hoped that findings from this study will assist in developing effective social programmes to ease adolescents’ and parents’ transitions among immigrants and to promote resiliency in immigrant families. / ix, 133 leaves ; 29 cm

This thesis employs Bourdieu's theory of practice to explore small immigrant business owners' adaptation to the host country's income tax system. In doing this, the thesis applies a sociological perspective in the theorizing and study of their tax compliance behaviour. Drawing on a survey (N=101) and in-depth interviews (N=27) with Bangladeshi family business owners and their tax advisers in the UK, this thesis demonstrates that immigrant business owners' engagement with the host country's tax system is grounded in the sociocultural status they inherit from their country of origin, even though their social class positions in the new society unconsciously condition and impact on how they practise tax compliance. Findings suggest that the power relations inherent in the tax professional-taxpayer relationship act as a critical factor in the reproduction and transformation of immigrant business owners' moral disposition towards compliance with tax laws. The thesis argues that the ways small Bangladeshi family business owners think, feel and act in their approach to tax compliance is likely to differ not only from those of native business communities but also from those of other immigrant communities in the UK.

There are more than 3.4 million South Asians in the United States. Among this subgroup, Bangladeshis in New York have a high prevalence of Type 2 diabetes ranging from 15 to 24% compared to the general population. This study examined the effect of acculturation through length of stay in the United States and understanding of the English language, and the role of gender on self-efficacy (SE) and diabetes self-management among 336 New York Bangladeshi immigrants between the ages of 21 and 75 who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with A1C -‰¥ 6.5%, as verified by their medical record for inclusion criteria in the original DREAM study. Health belief model was used as a theoretical framework. The key findings showed a significant relationship between gender and SE levels (p ¤ .0001). Bangladeshi women were 79% less likely to have high SE levels compared to their male counterparts (OR= .212; 95%CI: .099 -.453). Additionally, those who had low education attainment were 68% less likely to develop high SE levels (OR = .323, 95%; CI: .105 -.998). The findings demonstrate the need to understand the influence of social and contextual factors on SE and underscore the importance of integrating a systems approach and ontological lens in the implementation of gender-specific innovative strategies. Such an understanding might help destigmatize diabetes, improve medication adherence, and enhance SE and coping skills for Bangladeshi women across the life span. The findings of this study might provide knowledge to public health practitioners that would help create gender-specific diabetes education and lifestyle management for equity-centered capacity building to alleviate the disproportionate burden of diabetes in Bangladeshi minority women in the United States, ultimately improving health outcomes and reducing healthcare expenditures.