published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

This thesis studies the Chinese banks’ credit risk assessment using the Post Keynesian approach. We argue that bank loans are the major financial sources in emerging economies and it is uncertainty, an unquantifiable risk, rather than asymmetric information about quantifiable risk, as held by the mainstream approach, which is most important for the risk attached to credit loans, and this uncertainty is particularly important in China. With the universal existence of uncertainty, borrowers and lenders have to make decisions based on convention and experience. With regard to the nature of decision-making, this implies the importance of qualitative methods rather than quantitative methods. The current striking problem in Chinese banking is the large amount of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) and this research aims to address the NPLs through improving credit risk management. Rather than the previous literature where Western models are introduced into China directly or with minor modification, this work advocates building on China’s conventional domestic methods to deal with uncertainty. We briefly review the background of the Chinese banking history with an evolutionary view and examine Chinese conventions in the development of the credit market. Based on an overview of this history, it is argued that Soft Budget Constraints (SBC) and the underdeveloped risk-assessing mechanism contributed to the accumulation of NPLs. Informed by Western models and experience, we have made several suggestions about rebuilding the Chinese convention of credit risk assessment, based on an analysis of publications and interviews with Chinese bankers. We also suggest some further development of the Asset Management Companies (AMCs) which are used to dispose of the NPLs.

Lau Siu-lun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-139). / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.i / abbreviation --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF CHARTS --- p.iv / list of tables --- p.v / introduction --- p.1 / Chapter I. --- The Query --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- Methodology --- p.8 / Chapter chapter 1. --- the problem stated --- p.12 / Chapter I. --- The Banking structure and Regulatory Framework --- p.13 / Chapter A) --- An Overview --- p.13 / Chapter B) --- Regulatory Framework --- p.16 / Chapter II. --- Manufacturers' Grievances --- p.20 / Chapter A) --- The claims on Sufficiency of Bank Financing --- p.21 / Chapter B) --- The claims on insufficiency of Bank Financing --- p.23 / Chapter III. --- The Quantitative side:Trends of Loans Distrbution --- p.29 / Chapter chapter 2. --- TOWABD A SOCIOLOGICAL THRORY OF TRUST --- p.43 / Chapter I. --- Luhmann's Notion of Trust --- p.44 / Chapter II. --- Granovetter's Notion of Trust --- p.49 / Chapter III. --- institution Production of Trust: Zucker and Shapiro --- p.55 / Conclusions --- p.62 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- TRUST： ON THE POSSIBILITY OF SANCTION --- p.65 / Chapter I. --- The lending procedure --- p.66 / Chapter II. --- Trust and lending --- p.67 / Chapter III. --- on Security...And the Drawbacks --- p.74 / Conclusions --- p.82 / CHAPTER 4. TRUST： OH FAMILIARITY --- p.84 / Chapter I. --- On Familiarity --- p.85 / Chapter A) --- The Individual Aspect --- p.86 / Chapter B) --- The Firm Level --- p.90 / Chapter C) --- The Wider Environment --- p.93 / Chapter II. --- The Unfamiliar Environment --- p.96 / Chapter A) --- The unfamiliar situations --- p.97 / Chapter B) --- Loans Products and Familiarity --- p.102 / Chapter C) --- Who are More Daring to Lend ？ --- p.104 / Conclusions --- p.105 / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR OF HONG KONG： the credit worthiness --- p.107 / Chapter I. --- The Standing of Manufacturers --- p.107 / Chapter II. --- Finance and Early Industrialization --- p.116 / conclusions --- p.123 / Chapter I. --- on the Banking Sector and the Manufacturing Sector --- p.123 / Chapter II. --- Theoretical Implications --- p.128 / epilogue --- p.133 / bibliography --- p.134 / Chapter chart 2.1 --- Total Deposit Growth： 1966 to1991 --- p.15 / Chapter chart 2.2 --- "percentage distribution of loans and advances for use in Hong Kong,1965 to 1981" --- p.31 / Chapter chart 2.3 --- "pecentage distribution of loans and advances for use in Hong Kong,1982 to 1990" --- p.32

by Cheung Kam-mui, Polina. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-81). / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.v / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / The Emergence of Private Banking --- p.1 / Objectives and Scope of Study --- p.3 / Chapter II. --- INDUSTRY SYNOPSIS --- p.7 / History --- p.7 / Present Development --- p.8 / Chapter III. --- THE FRAMEWORK OF PRIVATE BANKING --- p.13 / Framework Description --- p.13 / Customer Profile --- p.14 / Marketing Strategies --- p.19 / Private Banker Profile --- p.26 / Physical Environment --- p.31 / Product Profile --- p.33 / Invisible Part - Internal Organisational Structure --- p.39 / Chapter IV. --- MACROENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS --- p.41 / Competition Profile --- p.41 / Legal Environment Profile --- p.50 / Chapter V. --- POTENTIAL THREATS --- p.55 / The 1997's Issues --- p.55 / Internal Factors --- p.57 / Chapter VI. --- FUTURE TRENDS --- p.60 / Merging with Trustee Services --- p.60 / Customer Diversification - Active Investor Market --- p.61 / Control through Information System --- p.63 / Chapter VII. --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.65 / Personnel --- p.65 / Cross-selling Performance Evaluation System --- p.66 / "Bank Policy, Authorities and Flexibilities" --- p.68 / Marketing and Product Development --- p.70 / APPENDIX --- p.74 / REFERENCE --- p.76 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.78

by Tong Tang, Joseph. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Bibliography: leaf 57.

by Lee Yuen-Yee Annisa. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-59). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / Chapter / Chapter I. --- Introduction / Objectives of the Project --- p.1 / Scope of Study --- p.1 / What is Private Banking ？ --- p.4 / Chapter II. --- Current Development of Private Banking Industry in Hong Kong Services provided by Banks --- p.7 / Services provided by Non-Bank Institutions --- p.12 / SWOT Analysis of Retail Banks in Hong Kong --- p.14 / Chapter III. --- Application of existing PBS in Marketing Model --- p.23 / Product Strategy --- p.25 / Service Strategy --- p.26 / Price Strategy --- p.27 / Communications Strategy --- p.27 / Sales Force Strategy --- p.27 / Distribution Strategy --- p.28 / Chapter IV. --- Research / Objectives of the Research --- p.30 / Scope of the Research and Design --- p.31 / Findings --- p.31 / Limitations of the Research --- p.38 / Chapter V. --- Recommendations / Target Segmentation --- p.40 / Market Objectives --- p.41 / Marketing Strategy --- p.43 / Chapter VI. --- Conclusion --- p.50 / APPENDIX --- p.51 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.58

這篇論文討論關於中國銀行部門國際化及競爭力的問題 共有三個問題: 1.國際化如何存於中國銀行體系 2.國際化是否成功地促進中國銀行的競爭力 3.如果有競爭力化下,中國銀行會變得如何? / This paper addresses the questions related to the internationalization of China’s banking sector and implications for the competitiveness in China’s banking sector: 1) How did internationalization exist in China’s banking sector? 2) Did internationalization successfully create the competitiveness in China’s banking sector? 3) With such phenomenon, what will be the implications towards China’s banking sector? Therefore, this paper first will propose a framework for recognizing the internationalization in the China’s banking sector by comparing the banking sector in China before and after its WTO entry. Secondly, it will examine the competitiveness in China’s banking sector by analyzing the four indicators: 1) financial liberalization, 2) technological progress, 3) rating by international rating agency, and 4) Economic Growth. Also this paper will examine the competitiveness of two major commercial banks: Bank of China (BOC) and China Construction Bank (CCB) as a case study by analyzing the three indicators. They are: 1) profitability, 2) non-performing loans ratio, and 3) expansion. Finally, this paper will discuss the prospects and challenges in China’s banking sector.

published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

by Lam Man-ho, Leung Yee-mei, Annie. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-70). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.v / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.vi / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Objective of Study --- p.2 / Scope --- p.3 / Limitations --- p.3 / Chapter II. --- THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNAL AUDITING --- p.5 / "Nature, Roles and Value" --- p.5 / Historical Development --- p.7 / Audit Committee --- p.8 / Evolution of Audit Approaches --- p.10 / Implications of Behavioural Issues --- p.12 / Chapter III. --- CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK --- p.13 / The Need for Behaviouralism in Internal Auditing --- p.13 / Job Satisfaction --- p.14 / Stress --- p.15 / Sources of Stress --- p.15 / Organizational Factors --- p.16 / Organizational Status --- p.16 / Relations with Audit Committee --- p.17 / Career Prospect --- p.17 / Departmental Support --- p.17 / Task and Role Factors --- p.18 / Audit Scope --- p.19 / Internal Auditor Role --- p.21 / Interpersonal Factors --- p.22 / Internal Auditor-Auditee Relations --- p.23 / Working Relationship with External Auditors --- p.27 / Chapter IV. --- METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS --- p.29 / Methodology --- p.29 / Structure of Questionnaire --- p.29 / Organizational Factors on Job Satisfaction --- p.30 / Organizational Status --- p.30 / Audit Committee --- p.34 / Career Prospect --- p.37 / Departmental Support --- p.37 / Task and Role Factors on Job Satisfaction --- p.39 / Audit Scope --- p.39 / Internal Auditor Roles --- p.42 / Interpersonal Factors on Job Satisfaction --- p.43 / Internal Auditor-auditee Relations --- p.46 / Relations with External Auditors --- p.49 / Chapter V. --- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.51 / Summary and Conclusions --- p.52 / Organizational Factors --- p.52 / Task and Role Factors --- p.53 / Interpersonal Factors --- p.53 / Recommendations --- p.54 / APPENDICES / Chapter I. --- The Structure of Hong Kong Banking Industry --- p.60 / Chapter II. --- Survey Questionnaire Sample --- p.63 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.68

by Lok Kin-wah, Leo, Loke Sik-yin, Peggy. / Bibliography: leaves 70-72 / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1983