Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Liverpool, 1977. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 245-261).

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Texte remanié de: Th. Doct.--Droit privé. / Bibliogr. p. 327-346. Index.

The class of compounds known as the dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes have been of particular interest over the past 25 years, with the initial impetus for research being the relationship they hold with the naturally occuring porphyrins. The main aim of the work undertaken was to establish the potential of dibenzotetraaza[14]annulene type systems for the development of novel materials whose applicable behaviour was likely to fall into one of the following three categories; liquid crystals, organic conductors, and chelating systems. Additionally the chemistry involved with the synthesis of these types of materials was interesting in its own right and provided a platform for the author to increase his own knowledge of chemistry. The research undertaken may be broadly classified into the following areas: 1. The preparation of linear Schiff base polymers, 2. The preparation of dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes (metal complexes and free ligands), 3. The preparation of 1-D and 2-D unsymmetrical macrocyclic complexes, and 4. The preparation of polymeric materials incorporating dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes both as part of the polymeric backbone and as pendant side chains in a comb type polymer. 1. The preparation of linear Schiff base polymers. The Schiff base condensation of phenylenediamines with malondialdehydes has enabled the preparation of materials of the type illustrated below. [chemical formula]. Examination of the materials by differential scanning calorimetry has shown that many of the materials exhibit interesting thermal transitions from one crystalline state to another. However the use of thermal microscopy has not shown any of these phases to be liquid crystalline transitions. 2. The preparation of dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes (metal complexes and free ligands). An extensive array of dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes have been prepared, generally by a one step process involving the reaction of ortho-phenylenediamine and various 2-substituted malondialdehydes in the presence of a suitable acid catalyst and solvent. [chemical formula]. 3. The preparation of 1-D and 2-D unsymmetrical macrocyclic complexes. The introduction of unsymmetricality into the dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes has been of interest since dipole-dipole interactions between molecules may lead to enhanced crystalline stacking, which in turn has a direct effect on any liquid crystalline or semiconducting properties the material may exhibit. Consequently the preparation of unsymmetrical dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes has been undertaken, which has often required extended stepwise synthetic reaction pathways involving the use of protecting reagents. Small quantities of pure materials have been prepared and are believed to be the first of their type. 4. The preparation of polymeric dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes. The incorporation of dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes into a polymeric system has been examined in two ways. The initial study concentrated on the incorporation of the macrocycle directly into the polymer backbone and involved the reaction of suitably functionalised dibenzotetraaza[14]annulenes with linking groups such as para-phenylenediamine. The additional study has focussed on a method of forming polymers which include the macrocyclic complexes as pendant side chains in a comb type polymeric arrangement (illustrated below). [chemical formula]. At present the prepartion of a polymer of this type has not been achieved. However an extensive study into the attachment of groups to the macrocycles which are capable of undergoing polymerisation has been undertaken which has established the potential use of the Gabriel synthesis of amines and the Wittig reaction as potential methods of attachment.

Empresas de base tecnológica (EBT) requerem a existência ou desenvolvimento de capacidades empresariais que determinarão a sustentabilidade do negócio. As incubadoras de empresas têm sido consideradas como um dos meios possíveis para que as EBTs atinjam um nível de desenvolvimento dessas capacidades que podem assegurar, após a incubação, sua permanência e progresso no mercado. Entretanto, é importante determinar se os objetivos para os quais as incubadoras foram criadas estão sendo atingidos e em que grau. O estudo apresenta pesquisa que buscou avaliar impacto do processo de incubação de empresas, medindo o desenvolvimento de capacidades em três dimensões: inovação, solidez financeira e capacidade gerencial. Estas dimensões, foram mensuradas em dezesseis EBTs do setor de informática do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul em dois grupos de empresas com características similares: o grupo de empresas pós-incubadas e o grupo de empresas não-incubadas. O método utilizado é o estudo de múltiplos casos em um desenho quase-experimental. Para a coleta de dados, o principal sócio de cada empresa respondeu a uma entrevista semi-estruturada e a um questionário fechado. A análise dos dados revelou que as empresas pós-incubadas demonstraram ser mais inovadoras e têm gestores melhor capacitados na área gerencial mas, no entanto, possuem menor solidez financeira. Por outro lado, as empresas não-incubadas são menos inovadoras e seus gestores têm menor capacitação gerencial, mas apresentam maior solidez financeira, indicada pela relação favorável entre receita e despesa e uma receita mensal regular. Os resultados deste estudo, com suas limitações de tamanho da amostra, evidenciam que o processo de incubação tem o impacto esperado no desenvolvimento de EBTs.

This doctoral dissertation traces the origins of the East River and the Hainan Base Areas, which were established by the Chinese Communist Party in Guangdong during the Anti-Japanese War (1937-45) and explains why they failed to achieve the kind of dramatic expansion as did their northern counterparts. As the case of the East River Base Area demonstrates, the major problem which confronted the Party was the limited scope of Japanese occupation. The absence of widespread political anarchy on the Guangdong mainland did not only trigger much initial debate among Party leaders over the possibility of guerrilla mobilisation but also imposed severe constraints on local attempts to construct Communist bases. In Hainan, although the political-military situation was more favourable, the Party's plan of developing the island into a Communist stronghold in South China still ended up in a merely theoretical construct. Among those important factors which contributed to its frustration were inadequate resources at the Party's disposal, the loss of radio communication between Hainan and the Party Centre in Yan'an, the intense Japanese "mopping-up" campaigns and the island's age-long Li-Han racial conflict. It was not until mid-1944 that the Japanese Ichigo offensive created in Guangdong an environment conducive to the reduplication of the Communist expansion in the north. Unfortunately, this extensive enemy occupation came to the province too late and was too short. Japan's sudden surrender in August 1945 thwarted Mao Zedong's ambitious efforts of combining the Communist bases in Central and South China. By examining the reasons for the underdevelopment of the two southern bases, this study raises some important questions about the Communist wartime movement such as the limits of Mao's model of base construction and the need of a dynamic balance between central supervision and local initiatives for achieving the Communist revolution.

Submitted by Angelo Silva (asilva@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2016-07-13T18:50:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 71848.pdf: 3771487 bytes, checksum: 44060936997c7d3013ed3855d97d302a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Anderson Silva (avargas@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2016-08-09T15:28:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 71848.pdf: 3771487 bytes, checksum: 44060936997c7d3013ed3855d97d302a (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-09T15:28:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 71848.pdf: 3771487 bytes, checksum: 44060936997c7d3013ed3855d97d302a (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Esta dissertação trata do desenvolvimento de uma nova versão do sistema GenoMycDB, desde a aquisição dos dados brutos até sua construção e análise dos resultados. Esta versão contempla a análise comparativa dos genomas de 63 linhagens de micobactérias através do processamento em diferentes softwares de análises biológicas e a organização dos dados gerados em um banco de dados relacional, acessível através de uma interface desenvolvida em tecnologia WEB atual e restrito a filtros de natureza biológica / Abstract: This dissertation deals with the development of a new version of GenoMycDB system, from acquisition of raw data to its construction and analysis of results. This version includes a comparative analysis of the genomes of 63 mycobacteria lineages by processing software\2019s in different biological tests and the organization of the data generated in a relational database, accessible through an interface developed in current web technology and restricted by filters of a biological nature

Empresas de base tecnológica (EBT) requerem a existência ou desenvolvimento de capacidades empresariais que determinarão a sustentabilidade do negócio. As incubadoras de empresas têm sido consideradas como um dos meios possíveis para que as EBTs atinjam um nível de desenvolvimento dessas capacidades que podem assegurar, após a incubação, sua permanência e progresso no mercado. Entretanto, é importante determinar se os objetivos para os quais as incubadoras foram criadas estão sendo atingidos e em que grau. O estudo apresenta pesquisa que buscou avaliar impacto do processo de incubação de empresas, medindo o desenvolvimento de capacidades em três dimensões: inovação, solidez financeira e capacidade gerencial. Estas dimensões, foram mensuradas em dezesseis EBTs do setor de informática do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul em dois grupos de empresas com características similares: o grupo de empresas pós-incubadas e o grupo de empresas não-incubadas. O método utilizado é o estudo de múltiplos casos em um desenho quase-experimental. Para a coleta de dados, o principal sócio de cada empresa respondeu a uma entrevista semi-estruturada e a um questionário fechado. A análise dos dados revelou que as empresas pós-incubadas demonstraram ser mais inovadoras e têm gestores melhor capacitados na área gerencial mas, no entanto, possuem menor solidez financeira. Por outro lado, as empresas não-incubadas são menos inovadoras e seus gestores têm menor capacitação gerencial, mas apresentam maior solidez financeira, indicada pela relação favorável entre receita e despesa e uma receita mensal regular. Os resultados deste estudo, com suas limitações de tamanho da amostra, evidenciam que o processo de incubação tem o impacto esperado no desenvolvimento de EBTs.

La localisation de sources (en champ lointain ou en champ proche) et l'estimation des temps de retard ont de nombreuses applications pratiques. Pour localiser une source en champ lointain à partir d'un réseau de capteur, seule la direction d'arrivée (DDA) de la source est nécessaire. Quand les sources se situent dans une situation de champ proche, le front d'onde du signal est sphérique et deux paramètres sont nécessaires pour localiser les sources : la direction d'arrivée et la distance entre la source et le réseau de capteurs. Dans cette thèse, on se focalise sur la localisation de sources (en champ lointain et en champ proche) ainsi sur l'estimation des temps de retard dans le contexte où les signaux sont cohérents, mélangés et avec un faible nombre de réalisation. Tout d'abord, nous proposons de combiner la théorie de la méthode SVR (Support vector regression qui est une méthode de régression à base d'apprentissage supervisée) avec la théorie de la prédiction linéaire avant-arrière. La méthode proposée, appelée FBLP-SVR, est développée pour deux applications : la localisation de sources en champ lointain et l'estimation des temps de retard des échos radar en champ lointain. La méthode développée est évaluée par des simulations et des expérimentations. Nous proposons également une méthode de localisation de sources en champ proche dans le contexte où les signaux sont cohérents et mélangés. La méthode proposée est basée sur une technique de focalisation, de moyennage en sous-bande et sur une méthode à sous-espaces pour l'estimation des DDAs. Ensuite, les distances entre les sources et le réseau de capteur sont estimées avec la méthode du maximum de vraisemblance. / Source localization (in far-field or in nearfield) and time-delay estimation have many practical applications. To locate a far-field source from a sensor array, only the direction of arrival (DOA) of the source is necessary. When the sources are in a nearfield situation, the wavefront of the signal is spherical and two parameters are needed to locate the sources: the direction of arrival and the distance between the source and the sensors. In this thesis, we focus on the localization of sources (both in far-field and nearfield) as well as the estimation of time-delay in the context where the signals are coherent, overlapped and with a small number of snapshots. First, we propose to combine the theory of the SVR method (support vector regression, which is a supervised learning-based regression method) with the theory of forward-backward linear prediction (FBLP). The proposed method, called FBLP-SVR, is developed for two applications: far-field source localization and time-delay estimation by using ground penetrating radar. The proposed method is evaluated by simulations and experiments. We also propose a near-field source localization method in the context where the signals are coherent and overlapped. The proposed method is based on a focusing technique, a spatial smoothing preprocessing, and a subspace method in the estimation of DOA. Then, the distances between the sources and sensors are estimated with the maximum likelihood method.