My graduation theses are comparing the drama education at basic and art schools in different towns and regions. The first part is dealing with different approaches to drama education from the aspect of different authors. The second part is about comparing drama education at basic schools and art schools. A questioner that reveals different approaches at different schools for both children and teachers and is added.

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar e analisar as iniciativas do Estado de São Paulo na difusão do Cinema Educativo nas escolas públicas primárias no período de 1933 a 1944. Considerou as finalidades apresentadas para a adoção desta tecnologia de ensino, a infraestrutura para a sua utilização e a divulgação de filmes; buscou constatar a circulação de saberes e indicações pedagógicas para o uso desse recurso de ensino tentando, assim, perceber as práticas escolares. Em meio às transformações ocorridas no período marcado pela modernização do ensino este estudo pretende, ainda, entender a forma pela qual o Cinema Educativo contribuiu para a configuração da cultura escolar paulista. Nesse sentido, procuro atentar para os estudos sobre a história da escola primária dando ênfase à relação entre a cultura escolar, a inovação educacional e a circulação de modelos pedagógicos. O surgimento do Cinema Educativo no Brasil ocorreu nas décadas de 1920 e 1930 durante o movimento em prol da utilização do bom cinema , consolidando-se em 1937, com a criação, em âmbito federal, do Instituto Nacional de Cinema Educativo (I.N.C.E.) que tinha por incumbência coordenar e divulgar as aquisições de caráter técnico , além de fornecer sugestões e viabilizar o funcionamento do Cinema Educativo de forma eficiente e produtiva . Quatro anos depois, em São Paulo, era realizada a Exposição Preparatória do Cinema Educativo no Instituto Pedagógico, por iniciativa da Diretoria Geral de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo, na administração de Lourenço Filho. Ao assumir a Direção do Ensino em São Paulo, em 1933, Fernando de Azevedo retomou as preocupações presentes no Código de Ensino e determinou a utilização do Cinema Educativo nas escolas paulistas. Em 1934, era publicada a Circular n° 24: instrucções sobre o Serviço de Radio e Cinema Educativo, veiculando normas para criação e funcionamento de um serviço especializado. Como contraponto às normas disseminadas pela Diretoria de Ensino, os relatórios elaborados por professores e delegados regionais de ensino do Estado de São Paulo (1933-1944) apontavam problemas enfrentados pelas escolas para incorporação da nova tecnologia, trazendo pistas sobre o uso desta inovação no cotidiano das escolas primárias. Foram muitos os obstáculos encontrados, durante a implementação e manutenção do Cinema Educativo nos Grupos Escolares do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Nos 67 relatórios lidos, ressaltam-se dificuldades na aquisição de filmes e recursos para a compra de equipamentos; problemas com a organização de programas atraentes ; falta de salas e equipamentos apropriados, dentre outros fatores. Os custos dos aparelhos eram sanados geralmente pelo recurso às Caixas Escolares ou a doações de particulares. No entanto a necessidade de autorização da Diretoria para efetivação da compra por vezes retardava o processo. A introdução das novas tecnologias demandava também uma revisão dos métodos pedagógicos e uma reestruturação dos espaços e tempos escolares. / This search has as objective to identify and to analyse initiatives of São Paulo state in the diffusion of Educational Cinema at public basic schools from 1933 to 1944. It was taking in consideration presented purposes in order to adopt such teaching technology, facility to its use and divulgation of films, aiming at ascertaining circulation of knowledge and pedagogical indications to learning source practice, trying in this way realize basic school practices. Within transformations occurred during specific period by teaching modernization, this study intend also to understand the way for which Educational Cinema has contributed to the configuration of paulista scholar culture. In this sense, studies about basic school history were observed, detaching the relation among scholar culture, educational innovation as well as circulation of pedagogical model. The appearance of Educational Cinema in Brazil happened in the 1920s and 1930s, during the movement in favour of good cinema usage, consolidated in 1937 with the creation of Instituto Nacional de Cinema Educativo (INCE), which incumbency was to co-ordinate and to divulge technical character acquisition as well as to suggest and to put into practice Educational Cinema in an efficient and productive way. Four years later, in São Paulo, the Exposição Preparatória do Cinema Educativo was accomplished in Pedagogical Institute, under initiative of General Teaching Administration from São Paulo State, in Lourenço Filho s administration. When Fernando de Azevedo has assumed Teaching Direction in São Paulo, in 1993, he retook the concern presented in Teaching Code, and determined the use of Educational Cinema in paulistas schools. In 1934 Circular n° 24: instrucções sobre o Serviço de Radio e Cinema Educativo was published, divulgating rules to creation and operation of specialized service. As counterpoint to rules that Teaching Administration divulged, teachers and regional education advisers reports from São Paulo state (1933-1944) showed problems occurred in schools in new technology incorporation, indicating clues about use of this implement in basic school routines. Several troubles have happened during the implantation and maintenance of Educational Cinema in Scholar Groups inside São Paulo state. In the 67 read reports, problems related to film acquisition, resources to equipment buying, organization problems related to the creation of attractive programs, lack of appropriate rooms and equipments, among other troubles were presented. Equipment costs were solved by using Scholar Cash Box or by personal donation. Nevertheless, it was necessary an Administration s authorization in order to buy the necessary material, delaying the process. New technologies also demanded a review of pedagogical methodologies as well as a re-structure about scholar space and time.

Submitted by Maria Bernadete Dos Santos (mariabpds@id.uff.br) on 2017-10-11T17:43:35Z No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Kátia.pdf: 3729871 bytes, checksum: aa79ba5b6a179333828a3021b478e146 (MD5) Produto Kátia.pdf: 497822 bytes, checksum: b23648bbadb638db0b1bb974e27412f7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca Central do Valonguinho Biblioteca Central do Valonguinho (bcv@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-11-01T21:20:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Kátia.pdf: 3729871 bytes, checksum: aa79ba5b6a179333828a3021b478e146 (MD5) Produto Kátia.pdf: 497822 bytes, checksum: b23648bbadb638db0b1bb974e27412f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-01T21:20:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Kátia.pdf: 3729871 bytes, checksum: aa79ba5b6a179333828a3021b478e146 (MD5) Produto Kátia.pdf: 497822 bytes, checksum: b23648bbadb638db0b1bb974e27412f7 (MD5) / Um dos maiores obstáculos encontrados no processo de ensino/aprendizagem da Isomeria na Escola Básica é o entendimento dos alunos acerca da transposição de estruturas planas para estruturas tridimensionais de moléculas. Esta transposição é imprescindível para o entendimento deste conteúdo, o que provocou na professora, mediadora deste processo e autora desta Dissertação, a necessidade de buscar estratégias que possam facilitar a aquisição deste conhecimento. Assim, este trabalho objetiva apresentar a elaboração, a aplicação e a validação de uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa (UEPS) criada para promover a aprendizagem da isomeria em uma escola da rede federal de ensino no Rio de Janeiro. O desenvolvimento da UEPS foi composto por quatro etapas. Na primeira etapa, buscou-se conhecer os conhecimentos prévios dos discentes sobre isomeria, essas informações contribuíram para a elaboração de uma sequência didática; a segunda etapa visou despertar o interesse do aluno, melhorar a motivação através da interação com o cotidiano discente e a buscar remover obstáculos para a aprendizagem. Na terceira etapa, a metodologia foi avaliada e na quarta etapa, a elaboração e avaliação da UEPS. A sequência didática trabalhada na UEPS desenvolvida, além de facilitar a aprendizagem da isomeria permitiu a construção de um saber coerente, significativo e aplicado ao cotidiano, o que pode ser demonstrado nas avaliações realizadas e em uma Feira de Ciências (EXPOTEC/2014), a qual integrou a professora e os alunos envolvidos nesta pesquisa e a comunidade escolar com o conteúdo químico de forma prazerosa e eficiente. / One of the biggest obstacles encountered in the teaching/learning process of Isomerism in Schools is the transposition of planar structures for three-dimensional structures of molecules. This transposition is essential for the understanding of this content, which causes the teacher, mediator of this process, the need to seek strategies that can facilitate the acquisition of this knowledge. Thus, this study aims to present the development, implementation and validation of a Potentially Meaningful Teaching Unit (PMTU) designed to promote the learning of isomerism at a school federal school system in Rio de Janeiro. This search Teaching was composed of four steps. At first, we tried to meet the prior knowledge of students about isomerism, this information contributed to the preparation of a didactic sequence, the second step, aimed at awakening the interest of the student, improve motivation through interaction with the student daily and seek to remove obstacles to learning. In the third stage, the methodology was evaluated and in the fourth stage, we have the development and evaluation of PMTU. The didactic sequence crafted in developed PMTU, besides facilitating the learning of isomerism allowed the construction of a knowledge coherent, meaningful and applied to daily life, which can be demonstrated in the evaluations carried out and in a Science Fair (Expotec/2014), which integrated the teacher and students involved in this research and the school community with chemical content in a pleasant and efficient manner.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:54:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Ana Paula.pdf: 2208535 bytes, checksum: 2ada29f44ff9772de94ddfe8e48f0c55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Laws, directives, programs and proposals for environmental education are on the agenda of the federal government, at environmental ministry, education and culture ministry level and others, however it is essential that more attention and support should be given to follow up how it is applied in schools, at classroom space. There is where education really take place, whether small or big actions, they are extremely important. By starting with these actions, it is to believe that there is a chance to change behaviours and prepare people that, by disseminating their certainties, will work toward a new relationship with the world and the other. In face of this, the present study) aims the comprehension of environmental education concepts arising from educational practices at basic school by aplication of ProNEA National Program for Environmental Education. The research is based on systemic and dialectic approach, where the first is substantiated on aegis of the systems theory of Morin and the second and the second is focused on the things and its conceptual images in its conecctions, in its chain, in its dynamics, in its process of genesis and its aging. The methodological procedures carried out na in this research where: participating observation with quantitative analysis and, qualitative predominance. The study turned possible qualitative predominance. The study made possible an analysis of the environmental education model at schools, the concepts of educators concerning education and environment and involvement of schools in public policies concerning to the constructed theoretical reference. It became clear that the environmental education thematic is sparely diffused at schools, the theoretical methodological strength of educators is superficial, superficial, they dont participate in professional training in environmental education, there is no specialized technical pedagogical follow up and the people involved in the inquiry do not met the national policy for environmental education. In spite of all identified problems, managers and educators showed high level of preoccupation with com the environmental issues, approaching environmental education in different ways. / Leis, diretrizes, programas e propostas para a Educação Ambiental estão nas pautas do Governo Federal, no âmbito do Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Ministério da Educação e Cultura e outros, no entanto é imprescindível que haja mais acompanhamento e maior apoio ao que acontece dentro das escolas, no espaço das salas de aula. É lá que a educação realmente acontece e, quer sejam grandes ou pequenas ações, elas são extremamente necessárias. A partir delas acredita-se existir a possibilidade de mudar condutas e formar pessoas que, disseminando suas convicções, trabalharão por uma nova maneira de relacionarse com o mundo e com os outros. Diante do exposto, o presente estudo objetiva-se compreender as concepções de Educação Ambiental a partir da prática de educadores do Ensino Fundamental na aplicação do ProNEA - Programa Nacional de Educação Ambiental. A pesquisa está alicerçada nas abordagens sistêmica e dialética, onde a primeira se firma sob a égide da teoria dos sistemas de Morin e a segunda focaliza as coisas e suas imagens conceituais em suas conexões, em seu encadeamento, em sua dinâmica, em seu processo de gênese e envelhecimento. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados na realização da pesquisa foram: pesquisa e observação participante, com análise quantitativa e, predominantemente, qualitativa. O estudo possibilitou analisar o modelo de educação ambiental das escolas, as concepções dos educadores sobre o binômio educação e ambiente e o envolvimento das escolas nas políticas públicas a partir dos aportes do referencial teórico construído. Constatou-se então, que a temática educação e ambiente é pouco difundida nas escolas, a base teórico-metodológica dos educadores é superficial, os mesmos não participam de formação profissional em educação ambiental, não há um acompanhamento técnicopedagógico especializado na área e que os sujeitos da pesquisa desconhecem a Política Nacional de Educação Ambiental. Apesar de todos os problemas encontrados, os gestores e educadores demonstraram muita preocupação com a problemática ambiental, abordando a educação ambiental de diferentes formas

This master thesis will concentrate on problems of inclusive education of pupils with mild retardation in primary school. The thesis will be split into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, terms such as mental retardation, inclusion, inclusive education, inclusive school, and inclusive class will be defined, along with other terms which are interconnected with these issues. The theoretical part of the thesis will end with a chapter on education of pupils with mild mental retardation in primary school, elaborating on conditions which are important for successful inclusive education as well as problems and benefits which inclusive education may bring about. The practical part will deal with analyse and description of the process of inclusive education of pupils with mild mental retardation in chosen secondary school in Prague. For gathering the necessary data, qualitative and quantitative methods of research will be used.

1 Abstract Name: Complex evaluation of the basic school ski courses in the Czech republic Objective: The objective of this diploma thesis is to evaluate complexly a chosen basic school ski school courses in the Czech republic according to five above mentioned criteria and to confirm or dismiss hypothesisses. Methodology: I created a non-standardized questionnare with open-ended, semi close-ended and close- ended questions to evaluate ski courses according to the above mentioned criteria. This questionnare was sended non-anonymously online via survio.com to randomly chosen basic schools in every single province of the Czech republic. Collected data were statistically analysed in the Survio and Microsoft EXCEL® programm and the results were eriched with graphs and commentary. Results: In this diploma thesis basic school ski courses were evaluated according to determined criteria, at least one hypothesis was related to every criterion. I could confirm that the majority of ski course leaders are ski instructors (50 hours training, no trade licence). I could confirm four other hypothesisses as well, i. e. cross-country skiing is an essential part of more than 50% ski courses, less than 50% of pupils attend basic school ski courses, the majority of ski course instructors are teaching in accordance with the...

My diploma thesis focuses on including students from foreign countries in the first grade of primary school and problems related to these questions. It deals with Czech and foreign educational systems, which could help teachers to understand different approaches of parents from foreign countries and their children to education. This thesis explains multicultural differences, which could support better communication with students from foreign countries and their parents as well. This work offers possibilities of subvention of children from foreign countries in the process of including in the Czech educational system. On the basis of research it is obvious, that students from foreign countries are mostly successfully adapted to the educational system. Rarely there are problems with language boundaries or social and emotional development. Teachers consider admission of a student from a foreign country as a benefit but they often point out that it also means a harder work for them. In case of some difficulties teachers often cooperate with non-profit organisation Meta.

For my dissertation, I have chosen to monitor and research growing children in Prague and in the Central Bohemian Region. Primarily, I am interested in the growth period of the younger school age (which corresponds to the first degree of compulsory school attendance). However, I also monitored and worked with the growth data of infant and pre-school aged children. The reason for this is that I needed the growth data from a longer period of time for a better assessment. I am really interested in the area of child anthropology because I belive the growth of every child is essential for their future. The final height and weight of the individual, specifically his/her total body proportions, can have a significant influence on their next life. I am convinced that this can have a major influence on the health, social application and self-confidence for each of us. Thanks to a very willing approach of a Prague pediatrician I managed to accumulate the growth data of children living in Prague. I would like to compare the obtained data with the data of children living in the Central Bohemian Region. I was able to gain the growth data of the children thanks to the friendly cooperation of my pupils'parents, my acquaintances and friends. Children were selected according to their health cards. On these cards...

Orientador: Anna Augusta Sampaio de Oliveira / Banca: Sadao Omote / Banca: Regina Celia Alegro / Resumo: Segundo estatística do Ministério da Educação e Cultura (BRASIL, 2006), de 1998 a 2005, foram registradas 218.320 novas matrículas inclusivas nas escolas regulares, sendo 65,4% somente no Ensino Fundamental. Considerando que o mesmo quadro estatístico aponta que 43,4% destas matrículas são de alunos com deficiência intelectual, propomos a análise da dinâmica estabelecida no interior das escolas regulares, particularmente nas aulas de História, a partir do momento em que esses alunos começam a fazer parte do contexto escolar. O estudo teve como objetivo específico a busca em compreendermos qual seria a concepção de êxito no ensino de História para esses alunos. Frente ao objetivo, realizamos entrevistas com todos os 14 (quatorze) alunos com deficiência intelectual matriculados entre 5ª e 8ª série do Ensino Fundamental de uma Diretoria Regional de Ensino no interior do Estado de São Paulo, bem como seus respectivos professores de História. O resultado da coleta e análise de dados, estudados quantitativa e qualitativamente através da Análise Social Discursiva, demonstrou que a dinâmica do ensino não apresenta mudanças quando da presença desses alunos, mas promove uma constante busca por ferramentas capazes de adequá-los às características de uma educação que demonstrou-se essencialmente bancária (FREIRE, 2005). Reconhecendo a inexistência de tais ferramentas de controle e sujeição, percebemos finalmente que a inclusão escolar destes apresenta dois grandes potenciais: a inauguração de uma nova forma de exclusão social em que alunos estarão inseridos em espaços que sutilmente desconsiderarão a sua presença, ou a provocação de uma completa revisão dos objetivos da escola. / Abstract: According to statistics of the Ministry of Education and Culture (BRASIL, 2006), from 1998 to 2005, there has been registered 218,320 new inclusive school registrations in the regular schools, being 65.4% only in Basic School. Considering that the same statistical picture points that 43.4% of these school registrations are of pupils with intellectual deficiency, we consider the analysis of the dynamics established in the interior of the regular schools, particularly in the lessons of History, from the moment when these pupils start to be part of the school context. The study had as specific goal the search in understanding what would be the conception of success in the education of History for these pupils. Front to the objective, we carried through interviews with all the 14 (fourteen) pupils with intellectual deficiency registered between 5ª and 8ª grades of Basic School of a Regional Direction of Education in the countryside of the State of São Paulo, as well as their respective History teachers. The result of the collection and analysis of data, studied quantitatively and qualitatively through the Discursive Social Analysis, demonstrated that the dynamics of education does not present changes when of the presence of these pupils, but promotes a constant search for tools capable to adjust them to the characteristics of an education that demonstrated essentially bankwise (FREIRE, 2005). Recognizing the inexistence of such tools of control and subjection, we realize finally that the school inclusion presents two great potentials: inauguration of a new form of social exclusion, where pupils will be inserted in spaces that will subtly not consider their presence, or the provocation of a complete revision of the objectives of the school. / Mestre

Esta tese visa contribuir com o debate sobre princípios e meios capazes de incidir sobre a desigualdade escolar nas redes de ensino da educação básica. Estuda as práticas escolares e a implementação de políticas educacionais no estado de São Paulo em redes públicas municipais mais justas de ensino fundamental. Redes de ensino mais justas foram definidas à luz de Dubet (2009) e de Crahay (2000): nessas redes mais alunos chegam a desempenhos adequados, inclusive aqueles com menor nível socioeconômico (NSE) e, portanto, a desigualdade escolar é mais baixa. Para o cálculo do NSE dos alunos, e para tratar dos seus desempenhos, utilizei microdados da Prova Brasil 2007. Análise fatorial com variáveis dos questionários da Prova Brasil 2007 permitiu investigar a hipótese 1, que afirma a presença da ideologia da igualdade de conhecimentos adquiridos nas redes mais justas. Segundo Crahay (2000), essa ideologia sustenta práticas escolares e políticas educacionais que respeitam o conhecimento sobre como as crianças aprendem e são referenciadas no princípio de justiça corretiva (voltado a corrigir distorções, independentemente do mérito). A pesquisa qualitativa investigou, por meio de estudo de caso, outras duas hipóteses: 2 - em redes mais justas há estratégias de regulação compatíveis com a noção de vigilância sobre a implementação de políticas; 3 há interlocução entre estratégias de regulação institucional de redes mais justas e condições de implementação de políticas. Dubet (2009) e Crahay (2000) consideram que a equidade na escola depende da vigilância. Para Santos (1979), a equidade é fruto da política e essa lida necessariamente com condicionalidades. Estudei os casos das redes municipais de Marília e Indaiatuba, por estarem entre as três grandes redes municipais mais justas do estado de São Paulo. Os resultados da pesquisa não confirmaram a existência da ideologia da igualdade de conhecimentos adquiridos nas redes mais justas. Trouxeram evidências de fragmentos dessa ideologia, como o uso da biblioteca pela maioria dos alunos e a correção do dever de casa, que apareceram mais fortemente nas redes mais justas. A pesquisa qualitativa corroborou as hipóteses 2 e 3. Em Marília e em Indaiatuba, há estratégias de regulação institucional que buscam zelar pela efetivação das políticas e seus resultados. As características dessas estratégias me levaram a propor, de forma exploratória, um modelo de referência para tratar da regulação institucional de redes de ensino, distinto dos modelos burocrático e pós-burocrático. O modelo cuja consolidação exige pesquisas que englobem a perspectiva da regulação horizontal foi nomeado processo-resultado e tem como características: acompanhamento permanente do órgão dirigente da implementação das políticas por meio de combinados e metas; currículo unificado na rede com objetivos de aprendizagem por série/ano elaborado com a participação dos professores; critérios de matrículas segundo o local de moradia; acompanhamento da aprendizagem e do desempenho de cada aluno; vínculo preponderante com o princípio de justiça corretiva. A proteção dos prefeitos às decisões das elites dirigentes permitindo que as intencionalidades dessas elites estejam fortemente expressas nas estratégias de regulação identificadas é um dos fatores encontrados que corroboram a hipótese 3. / This dissertation aims to contribute to the debate on principles and ways to make elementary schools fairer by reducing educational inequalities. It studies school practices and the implementation of educational policies in fairer municipal elementary school systems in São Paulo State. Fairer municipal elementary school systems are defined according to Dubet (2007) and Crahay (2000): more students reach adequate performance, including those with lower familiar socio-economic level (SEL). Microdata of Prova Brasil 2007 (Brasil National Test) were used to calculate students SEL. Factor analysis with variables from Prova Brasil 2007 has permitted to investigate hypothesis 1): the theoretical construct ideology of equality of acquired knowledge can be verified in fairer municipal school systems. According to Crahay (2000) such ideology sustains school practices and educational policies that respect the knowledge on how children learn, and are based on the principle of corrective justice such principle points out on distortions correction regardless of merit. Through qualitative research (case studies) two other hypotheses were investigated: 2) there are regulation strategies compatibles with the vigilance of policies implementation in the fairer municipal elementary school systems; 3) there is a dialogue between regulation strategies in fairer school systems and the conditions of policies implementation. Dubet (2009) and Crahay (2000) consider that equity in school depends on that vigilance. Santos (1979) states that equity is a result of policy, but policy deals with some conditionalties. I studied the cases of Marília and Indaiatuba school systems since quantitative analysis showed they were among the three fairer systems of the São Paulo State. The research did not corroborate the existence of the ideology of equality of acquired knowledge in the fairer school systems. But it highlighted evidences of fragments of such ideology in fairer school systems, such as the utilization of the library by most of students and homework correction. The qualitative research has corroborated hypothesis 2 and 3. In the processes of planning, evaluation and monitoring of learning, and regarding students and education workers, there are institutional regulation strategies searching for the effectiveness of policies and their results. The characteristics of these strategies led me to the proposition of a reference model to analyze learning regulation, surpassing bureaucratic and post-bureaucratic models. I named the model as process results. Its main elements are: the head institution (Department) permanently monitors the implementation of polices through the predefinition of objectives and processes; school programs defined centrally with the participation of teachers state learning objectives by each level; enrollments are defined according to house addresses; the monitoring of learning and performance of each individual student. The process results model has a preponderant liaison with the principle of corrective justice. Hypothesis 2 was corroborated by factors such as the relationship between the protection of the decisions of Departments elites by city mayors and the fact that these elites intentionality was strongly expressed in the regulation strategies.