Suspension of the school attendance is a current problem due to prepared changes within the school act. Since the validity of the new Shool Act No.561/2004 coll. in 2005, the child at the age of six in the current school year must enter the compulsory school attendance unless suspension is permitted. The child at the age of six within the period of the beginning of the school year and the end of the calendar year may be adopted for the compulsory school attendance under certain circumstances even in this school year. There are lots of discussions performed by society, professionals or politicians about the earlier or later initiation of the school attendance. Since 90th in the last century the number of the suspensions of the school attendance has increased. Parents ask for suspension more often than in the past and the suspension is proposed and realized at one fifth of the children in the current school year. This means that the demands on children at the beginning of the shcool year are increasing and that parents have realized their responsibility for the success of their child. The beginning of the school attendance is a very important moment in the life of their child and no rush is necessary. In my thesis I investigated diagnostics of the school maturity used in the Czech Republic, mainly in the pedagogical-psychological counselling centres, posibilities of non mature functions development, leaflets and advices for parents and programmes used in the counselling centres. In my thesis I dealt with general problems of the pre-school child development and the assessment of the school maturity non-professional and professional in the pedagogical-psychological counselling centres. I summarized basic abbilities from each area which should be adopted by the child before the beginning of the school attendance, what should parents notice and also testing methods and materials used for the examination at the pedagogical-psychological counselling centres. In my research part I focused on the families with pre-school children asking for suspension of school attendance.

The aim of the thesis is an analysis of Czech university study programs for teaching German language at the 2nd grade basic schools and comparison of the results. Information about development of Czech educational policy since 1989 is summarized in the theoretical section, where I also presented the most important documents affecting current educational policy as well as the language policy. The practical part is dedicated to the study itself. All universities keep their study programs in line with the Bologna process, conceived as structured. The subject of my analysis is Bachelor's degree and follow-up master's degree study. I have chosen only a specific part of the field, which is devoted to preparing students for German language teaching at basic schools. Emphasis is placed on the comparison of offered subjects, thematic composition of subjects and the way of obtaining didactic knowledge and teaching skills.

Orientador: Ediogenes Aragão Santos / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T15:16:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valdez_Diane_D.pdf: 44221206 bytes, checksum: c7ce14d28d2f105956f9c7a8eb655248 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa investigou a representação de infância nas propostas pedagógicas do Dr. Abilio Cesar Borges, o barão de Macahubas, médico baiano que, na segunda metade do século XIX (1856-1891), ocupou um papel relevante na instrução do Império, sobretudo por ter sido um autor pioneiro na publicação de livros de leitura seriados para a infância brasileira. Nosso objetivo foi identificar o lugar dado por este educador à criança na faixa etária de seis a doze anos do ensino primário, compreendendo que argumentos, teorias e produções foram utilizados para divulgar a idéia do 'bom aluno¿ e, conseqüentemente, da 'boa criança¿. Serviram-nos de fontes às próprias publicações deste autor, como relatórios, discursos, livros para a criança, obras direcionadas aos pais e professores, gravuras, além de biografias, jornais etc. Tendo como referência a história cultural, com enfoque nas representações, interpretamos e analisamos as fontes, buscando confrontar as propostas de Abilio com as idéias que circulavam neste período histórico, destacando suas particularidades e enfatizando as pluralidades que as caracterizavam. Foi possível identificar uma série de concepções a respeito do que o autor considerava importante no trato para com a criança. Para ele, era necessário compreender as particularidades do desenvolvimento infantil, devendo a escola ser um ambiente atrativo e alegre onde o ensino e os livros fossem adequados à compreensão da criança. O papel da escola era de instruir e educar com o objetivo de formar uma criança saudável, sábia, cortês, dócil e temente a Deus, características primordiais para a construção de uma sociedade harmônica, moderna e 'civilizada¿. Constatamos nas propostas deste autor um investimento na criança como um 'vir a ser¿, ou seja, um futuro adulto 'ajustado¿ aos conceitos 'civilizatórios¿. Entretanto, identificamos igualmente que, por trás deste pensamento, havia outros elementos que revelaram uma preocupação com a criança no presente. Abilio registrou em seus discursos e materiais a pais, professores e autoridades governamentais, algumas idéias acerca do desenvolvimento infantil as quais incentivavam um ensino 'amorável¿ através de campanhas contra castigos corporais na escola e na família, além de outras propostas que contribuíram para a compreensão do universo infantil no Brasil oitocentista / Abstract: This research investigated the childhood representation in Dr. Abilio Cesar Borges pedagogical proposals, the baron of Macaubas, a physician from Bahia who in the second half of the XIX Century (1856-1891) had a relevant role in the education of the Empire period, mainly because he was a pioneer author in the publication of a serial books in respect the Brazilian childhood. Our purpose was to identify the space given by this professor to children in the age group of six to twelve years old of Elementary Education, understanding which arguments, theories and productions were used to spread the idea of ¿a good student¿ and consequently ¿a good child¿. The sources studied were the publications of this author, such as reports, speeches, children¿s books, works directed to parents and teachers, engravings, as well as biographies, newspapers, etc. The reference was the cultural history and focusing our attention on the representations, we interpreted and analysed the sources looking for the comparison of Abilio's proposals with the ideas that were spread in that historical period, highlighting its peculiarities and emphasizing the plurality that characterized them. It was possible to identify a series of conceptions related to what the author considered important in relation to the treatment given to a child. It was necessary for him to understand the peculiarities of the child¿s development and according his conception , the school should have a happy and attractive environment in which education and books should be suitable for children's understanding. The role of the school was to instruct and educate having as aim, the formation of a healthy, wise, polite, docile and Godfearing child, prime characteristics for the construction of a harmonic, modern and ¿civilized¿ society. It was verified in the author¿s proposals the dedication in what the child ¿might turn into¿, in the other words, a future adult ¿adjusted to a civilizing concepts¿. However, it was also identified that behind this thinking there were other elements that showed us a concern with children at present time. Abilio recorded in is speeches and materials for parents, teachers, and governmental authorities, some ideas regarding a child's development encouraged a ¿affectionate¿ education spreading a campaign against corporal punishment in schools and at home, as well as other proposals that contributed to the understanding of the children's universe in Brazil during the 1800s / Doutorado / Historia, Filosofia e Educação / Mestre em Educação

Na rede pública estadual paulista, a partir de 1990, Políticas Públicas, Programas e Projetos, têm sido gerados com intuito de enfrentar fenômenos referente ao não acesso à Educação, altas taxas de evasão e repetência, frutos de sistema de exclusão escolar. Deste modo, por meio de políticas de universalização do acesso em âmbito nacional, as questões da qualidade do ensino passaram a ser avaliadas por sistemas mais sofisticados. Um dos índices utilizados no estado de São Paulo é o Sistema de Avaliação de Resultados do Estado de São Paulo SARESP em que se evidencia que um número significativo de crianças não estava se beneficiando da escola, frequentando séries avançadas do Ensino Fundamental, muitas vezes sem saber ler e escrever, ou sabendo muito pouco; ou seja, o fracasso escolar foi tomando outra vestimenta, mais sutil, menos perceptível. Tais constatações geraram programas de enfrentamento, dentre eles, o Programa Ler e Escrever, tendo como um de seus desdobramentos as classes de Projeto Intensivo no Ciclo PIC. Neste sentido, estudar esta instância possibilita compreender aspectos de constituição dessa proposta política no estado de São Paulo. Assim sendo, o presente estudo visa analisar aspectos que constituem o Projeto Intensivo no Ciclo PIC, no cotidiano escolar, a partir de uma perspectiva crítica em Psicologia Escolar, a fim de contribuir para compreensão do processo de escolarização, na direção de uma Educação enquanto direito social. As classes de PIC se destinam a crianças que cursam a 3ª série do Ensino Fundamental e que não possuem os requisitos mínimos para o ano, que é o domínio da leitura e da escrita. O Ler e Escrever, em sua totalidade, é um Programa recente, foi implantado na rede estadual de ensino, em 2008, e origina-se de experiência na rede municipal da capital paulista, em 2006. A partir de um estudo de caso etnográfico, realizaram-se visitas semanais, durante um ano letivo, a uma classe de 3ª PIC, de uma escola estadual paulista, entrevistas como coordenador pedagógico da escola, o professor regente da sala e conversa com alunos em pequenos grupos. Buscou-se compreender o objeto de estudo transitando entre as diversas fontes de campo e os documentos que compunham o discurso oficial, como as resoluções do programa, apresentação do material pedagógico, textos disponibilizados nos endereços eletrônicos do Programa e depoimentos de dirigentes responsáveis pelo Programa Letra e Vida, em processo de análise por meio de triangulação desses diferentes materiais. Assim, a partir da análise, verificou-se que a PIC, apesar de trazer em sua base um reconhecimento oficial de que crianças não estavam aprendendo, propiciando ações para reverter esse quadro, é consequência da precariedade das condições de trabalho presentes na escola, das dificuldades estruturais enfrentadas na Rede Estadual Paulista e que ainda não consegue romper com críticas fundadas em práticas homogeneizantes, intensificando rótulos atribuídos aos alunos que apresentem dificuldades no processo de escolarização e não rompendo com a situação de isolamento docente na realização de sua tarefa. Esta pesquisa corrobora outros estudos que têm defendido que as práticas escolares veiculadas no interior de programas de enfrentamento das dificuldades escolares inserem-se nas políticas educacionais das redes públicas de ensino, sendo atravessadas pelas dificuldades e desafios ainda presentes nessas políticas / As of 1990, in Sao Paulo State Public System, Public Policies, Programs and Projects have been generated with the aim of addressing phenomena related to the lack of access to Education and high dropout and repetition rates, outcomes of the system of school exclusion.Thus, through national policies of universal access, those issues about quality of Education began to be evaluated by more sophisticated system. One of the indices used in Sao Paulo State is the Sistema de Avaliação de Resultados do Estado de Sao Paulo SARESP, that evidenced that a significant number of children were not being benefited by the schools, attending advanced grades of Ensino Fundamental, often not knowing to write or read, or knowing little; on other words, the school failure was taking another appearance, more subtle, less perceptible. Those findings have generated programs to face those problems, as Ler e Escrever Program, having as one of its development the PIC classes. In this direction, studying this realm allows us to understand aspects of the constitution of this political proposal in Sao Paulo State. Therefore, this study aims to analyze constitutive aspects of PIC, within school quotidian, from a critical perspective in School Psychology, in order to contribute to the understanding of the schooling process, in the direction of Education as a social right. PIC classes are intended for children who attend third grade of Ensino Fundamental and who do not have the minimum requirements for that level, which are being able to write and read. Ler e Escrever is a recent program, implemented in the Sao Paulo State Public Education System, in 2008, and was originated from the Sao Paulo City Education System, in 2006. From an ethnographic case study, it was performed weekly visits, within a year school, in a third grade PIC class, of a Sao Paulo state public school, interviews with the school pedagogical coordinator and the class teacher, and talking with the students in small groups. It was sought to understand the object of study by shifting between several sources and the documents compassing the official speech, as the program resolutions, the presentation of the pedagogical material, texts available on the website of the program and testimonials of the managers responsible for the Program Letra e Vida, through triangulation analysis of these material.Thus, from the analysis, it was found that PIC classes, although it brings originally an official recognition that children were not learning, offering actions to reverse this situation, is a consequence of the precarious condition of work present in schools, of the structural difficulties faced by the Sao Paulo Public System and that still could not break away from the criticism based on homogenizing practices, intensifying labels attributed to students who show difficulties in the schooling process and not breaking away from the teachers situation of isolation when performing their tasks. This research corroborates other studies that have claimed that school practices that are carried out within programs that aim to face schooling difficulties are inserted in Public education system policies, being crossed by difficulties and challenges still present in those policies

This dissertation linked to the Graduate Education UFSM on Research Line Education and Arts presents thematic focus as the identity process of the teachers in the context of the Southwest of Paraná. The study focuses on the area of Music Education dealing with Law 11.769/08 which determines the insertion of music in basic education as required content. The proposed objectives of this research are to explain the transit through teacher s narratives, regarding their identities as teachers of the discipline of Art. The methodology used in this research is a qualitative approach; data were collected from narrative interviews. The participants were teachers from seven schools of the states regional center of Pato Branco. In the data analyses, I look for education as revealed by teacher s actions, their visions regarding the different artist languages, teacher s possibilities on music teaching, their narratives which reveal their identities and about the Law 11.769/08, as well. It is my intent that the interviewer teachers and readers of this work, by empathy could reflect over their own ways of being a teacher, with a new lens that could show some of the multiple possibilities of arts in schools, despite their many problems. In this direction, I intent to make contribution to the research debate to what concerns teachers narratives, the Arts at regular school and the implementation of the Law 11.769/08. / A referida dissertação de mestrado vinculada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da UFSM, na Linha de Pesquisa Educação e Artes apresenta como foco temático o processo identitário das professoras do contexto educacional do sudoeste do Paraná. O estudo centra-se na área da Educação Musical versando a lei 11.769/08 que reza a inserção Música na educação básica como conteúdo obrigatório. Os objetivos propostos, para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, dizem respeito a transitar pelas narrativas docentes relativas a sua identidade enquanto professoras da disciplina Arte. A metodologia utilizada nesta pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa, cujos dados foram coletados a partir de entrevista narrativa. As participantes da pesquisa foram sete professoras de escolas estaduais do núcleo regional de Pato Branco no estado do Paraná. Na análise de dados, problematizo a formação e atuação das professoras, as visões sobre as diversas linguagens artísticas, a possível abordagem dos conteúdos de Música pelo professor/a com formação em Artes Visuais, as narrativas nas quais a questão da identidade se apresenta mais explícita e as questões focadas na lei 11.769/08. Ambiciono que as professoras entrevistadas e os leitores desta dissertação, por empatia, possam olhar para a sua atuação profissional com uma nova perspectiva que auxilie a ser um professor/a mais crítico e consciente das possibilidades que a Arte traz para além dos seus múltiplos desafios. Desta forma, almejo contribuir para o estudo de narrativas de professores/as, das problemáticas específicas da disciplina Arte na escola básica e dos encaminhamentos da implementação da lei 11.769/08.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research aimed to understand the relationships established between the organization and development of subprojects PIBID/CAPES and the organization and development of Degree Courses (CL) in UFSM, considering that these two formative spaces actions "initiation to teaching" are developed. Accordingly, we seek to answer the following research problem: That ways the actions performed by Subprojects PIBID/CAPES/UFSM relate to the organization and development of activities/subjects in Degree Courses UFSM? This research is characterized as a qualitative nature in which we take as sources of information: 1) Area Coordinators responsible for the Institutional Project Subprojects PIBID/CAPES/UFSM (10 coordinators interviewed) 2) Initiation to Teaching Scholars of several subprojects PIBID/CAPES/UFSM (28 participants from 04 focus groups), 3) two types of documents: a) complete texts of Subprojects PIBID/CAPES/UFSM (10 texts analyzed using own script) b) texts for event scheduling conducted within the CL involving PIBID (05 texts analyzed). Compared to CL, the analysis of the collected information allows saying that: a) there are historical gaps that are still present today, with often a lack of institutionalized mechanisms of interaction between university and school; b) the activities developed in schools by students of CL are punctual and restricted to performance in the classroom; seems no insertion in the school environment activities to meet the institution "schools" as a whole, a more comprehensive way, other words, besides the classroom; c) The Pre-Professional Curricular Training although providing insertion in school for a longer period than the specific activities earlier this curricular component, also presents problems, among them the lack of moments for discussion during its development to reflect collectively with classmates about the practices realized and lack of time to be able to monitor changes caused by their practices. Compared to subprojects analyzed, we can affirm that: a) there are several activities planned for and developed by the Teaching Scholars of Initiation to teaching under Subprojects PIBID/UFSM, the most common among them refers to the planning and implementation of educational activities in schools. These activities varying from workshops with different themes, but isolated from each other, until a set of sequenced learning activities on a particular subject to accomplishment in classes; b) for the investigated subjects, the initiation to teaching should cover both actions theoretical nature but also practical nature of actions; c) students of CL looking for Subprojects PIBID/CAPES/UFSM to know the school for a longer period and have experiences in the classroom as teachers typical of Basic Education; they see us Subprojects the opportunity to develop the practical part of the course, since disciplines who study in the Undergraduate develop, mostly only the theoretical part; d) relationships established between CL scholars and Subprojects PIBID/CAPES/UFSM are of compensation: the PIBID seems to be filling gaps of CL, the most important of these gaps relates to the development of practical activities in schools. Therefore, no explicit links between these two formative spaces which are areas of development actions initiation to teaching. The few associations carried occurring on an individual basis: or initiative upon a Scholar of Initiation to Teaching or, at most, a small group of them, under a Subproject. / A pesquisa aqui relatada teve como objetivo Compreender as relações que se estabelecem entre a organização e o desenvolvimento de Subprojetos PIBID/CAPES e a organização e o desenvolvimento de Cursos de Licenciatura (CL) na UFSM, considerando que nesses dois espaços formativos são desenvolvidas ações de iniciação à docência . Nesse sentido, procuramos responder o seguinte problema de pesquisa: De que formas as ações realizadas pelos Subprojetos PIBID/CAPES/UFSM se relacionam com a organização e o desenvolvimento das atividades/disciplinas em Cursos de Licenciatura da UFSM? Essa pesquisa caracteriza-se como de natureza qualitativa na qual tomamos como fontes de informação: 1) Coordenadores de Área responsáveis pelos Subprojetos do Projeto Institucional PIBID/CAPES/UFSM (10 coordenadores entrevistados); 2) Bolsistas de Iniciação à Docência dos diversos Subprojetos PIBID/CAPES/UFSM (28 participantes de 04 grupos focais); 3) documentos de dois tipos: a) textos completos dos Subprojetos PIBID/CAPES/UFSM (10 textos analisados mediante roteiro próprio); b) textos relativos à programação de eventos realizados no âmbito dos CL envolvendo o PIBID (05 textos analisados). Em relação aos CL, a análise das informações coletadas permite afirmar que: a) há lacunas históricas que ainda estão presentes nos dias atuais, sendo mais frequente a falta de mecanismos institucionalizados de interação entre universidade e escola; b) as atividades desenvolvidas em escolas por alunos de CL são pontuais e restritas à atuação em sala de aula; parece não haver atividades de inserção em ambiente escolar para conhecer a instituição escola como um todo, de forma mais abrangente, ou seja, para além da sala de aula; c) O Estágio Curricular Pré-Profissional, apesar de proporcionar inserção na escola por um período maior do que as atividades pontuais desenvolvidas anteriormente a esse componente curricular, também apresenta problemas, dentre eles, a falta de momentos de discussão durante o seu desenvolvimento para refletir coletivamente com os colegas sobre as práticas realizadas e falta de tempo para poder acompanhar mudanças decorrentes de suas práticas. Em relação aos Subprojetos analisados, podemos afirmar que: a) há diversas atividades previstas para e desenvolvidas pelos Bolsistas de Iniciação à Docência no âmbito de Subprojetos PIBID/UFSM; a mais comum entre elas refere-se ao planejamento e à implementação de atividades didáticas nas escolas. Essas atividades variam desde oficinas com temas diversos, porém isolados entre si, até um conjunto de atividades didáticas sequenciadas sobre determinado assunto para realização em aulas; b) para os sujeitos investigados, a iniciação à docência deve contemplar tanto ações de natureza teórica como também ações de natureza prática; c) os alunos de CL procuram os Subprojetos PIBID/CAPES/UFSM para conhecer a escola durante um período mais prolongado e ter vivências em sala de aula como típicos professores de Educação Básica; eles veem nos Subprojetos a oportunidade para desenvolver a parte prática do curso, já que as disciplinas que cursam nas Licenciaturas desenvolvem, em sua maioria, somente a parte teórica; d) as relações que os bolsistas estabelecem entre CL e Subprojetos PIBID/CAPES/UFSM são de compensação: o PIBID parece estar suprindo lacunas dos CL; a mais importante dessas lacunas refere-se ao desenvolvimento de atividades práticas em escolas. Portanto, não há articulações explícitas entre esses dois espaços formativos que são âmbitos de desenvolvimento de ações de iniciação à docência. As poucas associações estabelecidas ocorrem de maneira individualizada: ou mediante iniciativa de um Bolsista de Iniciação à Docência ou, no máximo, por um pequeno grupo deles, no âmbito de um Subprojeto.

Hanková This thesis focuses on the experiential pedagogy about the implementation of personal and social education. The research aims to investigate and describe the determinants of the experiential pedagogy, particularly about the didactical thinking of group teachers who plan and implement teaching personal and social education in a Czech basic school. The theoretical grounds of this current study are based on the extensive comparison of heterogenous terminology of experiential pedagogy, general didactics, and didactics of personal and social education. This study adopts the qualitative research paradigm with multiple-case- studies research design. The data have been gathered from thematic writing and focus group interviews which were analysed by the content analysis method with the support of axial analysis. The analysis of didactical thinking is concerned with the objective and the experience as a means of learning and reflection and revealed that teachers determine their didactical thinking and practice by the knowledge of the group and individuals concerning psychological safety. The experience during the game is understood as a way of learning facilitated by reflection. The interpretations concur with the constructivist teaching practices based on a socio-cognitive conflict as a learning...

This diploma thesis is focused on the issue of using songs in German language teaching. Its aim is to contribute to tackling the issue of using songs in lessons of the German language as a second foreign language. The theoretical part introduces the position of the German language in the current Czech educational system, presents crucial methodical concepts of German teaching relevant to the chosen topic and also describes some difficulties with using music while teaching a foreign language in terms of pedagogy and psychology. The subject matter of the practical part is a research among students and teachers of lower-secondary and secondary schools. The aim of the research is to ascertain and describe the current use of songs in German lessons and detect when and why the songs are used for teaching German as a foreign language. On the basis of the results collected by a questionnaire survey and semi-structured dialogues with experts, a collection of nine worksheets and methodic sheets for working with songs during German lessons has been created. The sheets present diverse activities and methods suitable for A1, A2 and B1 levels according to the CEFR.

The project concerns itself with a current issue concerning the use of the social space, Černa louka, situated a short distance from the centre of Ostrava. This project adds new facilities - educational, sports, gastronomical, and scientific - to the original competion proposal. What is more, this brings new input to the area responding to the needs of local inhabitants. The complex of educational buildings is designed as a new principle of vertical compact form.

Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / The purpose of this thesis is threefold. Firstly, to attempt to provide validity for the two-sided matching process; secondly, analyze FITREP attributes to determine their suitability for a weighted criteria evaluation system and; thirdly, compare the USMC promotion and assignment process with contemporary human resource management practices. Using data from the USMC Officer Accession Career file (MCCOAC), a logit model is used to estimate the effects of TBS preference and other officer characteristics on retention to the seven year mark. Findings indicate that there was little difference in the probability of retention throughout most preference levels except for the bottom sixth. Using USMC FITREP data, an ordinary least squares model is used to estimate the effects of rank and MOS on FITREP scores across all attributes. Multiple comparison tests demonstrated that there are statistical differences at the 0.05 level between the means of the MOSs. Additionally, reporting creep is continuing across all attributes. Surveys were also conducted. The first survey indicated that USMC officers believe the FITREP attributes were not all equally important within, and across each MOS - although the USMC assesses them as such. The second survey indicated that the USMC promotion and assignment process can be strengthened through a clearly defined HRM plan that extends beyond 'faces' and 'places', and provides very clear links to the organizational strategy. Based on the findings it is recommended that the USMC review its HRM processes and conduct further analyses on the FITREP data for: (1) correlation, (2) longitudinal analysis as a predictor for success and, (3) relevance and relationship to MOS characteristics, position descriptions, and organizational strategy. / Major, Royal Australian Infantry Corps / Major, United States Marine Corps