Avaliou-se o efeito isolado e associado de pós de origem vegetal e de genótipos de feijoeiro sobre o comportamento, biologia e danos de Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) e Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say). Inicialmente, foi avaliado o efeito dos pós obtidos de 18 plantas sobre a atratividade e mortalidade dos adultos, e oviposição. A seguir, foi testado o efeito de 12 genótipos de feijoeiro incluindo materiais melhorados contendo arcelina (Arc1, Arc2, Arc3 e Arc4) e sem essa proteína (IAC Carioca Aruã, IAC Carioca Pyatã, IAC Carioca Akytã, IAC Maravilha, IAC Una, IAC Bico de Ouro, Porrillo 70 e Goiano Precoce) sobre a oviposição (com e sem chance de escolha) e biologia dos insetos. Com base nestes resultados, foram selecionados, para cada espécie de inseto, quatro genótipos (três resistentes e um suscetível) e quatro pós vegetais, para os quais foi avaliado o efeito associado sobre a atratividade e mortalidade dos adultos, preferência para oviposição, biologia e danos causados pelos insetos. Concluiu-se que: a) os pós obtidos da parte aérea de Chenopodium ambrosioides (erva-de-santa-maria), f. (forma) 1 e f.2; de folhas de Eucalyptus citriodora (eucalipto cheiroso), de Mentha pulegium (poejo) e de Ruta graveolens (arruda), e de cascas de frutos de Citrus reticulata (laranja cv. Murcote) são repelentes aos adultos das duas pragas; b) os pós obtidos de folhas de Ocimum basilicum (alfavaca) e de O. minimum (manjericão) são repelentes apenas para Z. subfasciatus, enquanto os pós de cascas de frutos de Citrus sinensis (laranja cv. Pêra) e de frutos de Lafoensia glyptocarpa (mirindiba) apresentam efeito repelente apenas em relação a A. obtectus; c) o pó de folhas de L. glyptocarpa apresenta atratividade a Z. subfasciatus; d) os pós de C. ambrosioides (f.2), M. pulegium, O. basilicum e R. graveolens apresentam efeito altamente tóxico aos adultos de Z. subfasciatus, causando 100% de mortalidade e impedindo a oviposição; e) em relação a A. obtectus, há total mortalidade de adultos e ausência de oviposição, com o uso de pós de C. ambrosioides (f.2) e de folhas de Coriandrum sativum (coentro); f) em teste sem chance de escolha, o genótipo Arc3 é menos ovipositado por Z. subfasciatus que 'IAC Carioca Pyatã' e 'IAC Bico de Ouro', enquanto, em relação a A. obtectus os materiais são igualmente preferidos para oviposição; g) os materiais contendo arcelina (Arc1, 2, 3 e 4) apresentam resistência do tipo não-preferência para alimentação e/ou antibiose a Z. subfasciatus, alongando o período de desenvolvimento (ovo-adulto) e reduzindo o peso dos adultos, a longevidade e a fecundidade; h) em relação a A. obtectus, a resistência do tipo não-preferência para alimentação e/ou antibiose só ocorre com o Arc1, genótipo em que há alongamento do período de desenvolvimento e menor peso dos adultos; i) 'Goiano Precoce' é o material mais adequado ao desenvolvimento dos dois insetos; j) com o emprego associado de pós vegetais e genótipos resistentes de feijoeiro, ocorre apenas efeito aditivo (e não sinérgico) das duas técnicas de controle para ambas as espécies de insetos; k) o peso consumido de grãos de feijão por Z. subfasciatus e A. obtectus não é afetado pelos pós inseticidas; esse peso, entretanto, é menor nos genótipos contendo arcelina para os dois insetos. / It was evaluated the isolated and associated effects of powders from different vegetal and bean genotypes on the behaviour, biology and damage of Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) and Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say). Initially, it was evaluated the effect of powders of 18 plants on the attractivity and mortality of the adults, and oviposition. Then, the effect of 12 bean genotypes was tested including materials with arcelin (Arc1, Arc2,Arc3 and Arc4) and without this protein (IAC Carioca Aruã, IAC Carioca Pyatã, IAC Carioca Akytã, IAC Maravilha, IAC Una, IAC Bico de Ouro, Porrillo 70 and Goiano Precoce) on the oviposition (free-choice and no-choice tests) and biology of the insects. Based on these results, four genotypes (three resistant and one susceptible) and four powders were selected for each insect species. It was evaluated the associated effect on the attractivity and mortality of the adults, preference for oviposition, biology and damage caused by the insects. It was concluded that: powders of the aerial part from Chenopodium ambrosioides f. (form) 1 and f.2; leaves from Eucalyptus citriodora, from Mentha pulegium and from Ruta graveolens, and rinds of fruits from Citrus reticulata (cv. Murcote) are repellents to the adults of the two pests; b) powders of leaves from Ocimum basilicum and O. minimum are repellent only for Z. subfasciatus, while powders of rinds of fruits from Citrus sinensis (cv. Pêra) and fruits from Lafoensia glyptocarpa shows repellent effect only on A. obtectus; c) powder of leaves from L. glyptocarpa shows attractivity on Z. subfasciatus; d) powders from C. ambrosioides (f.2), M. pulegium, O. basilicum and R. graveolens show high toxicity on adults of Z. subfasciatus, causing 100% mortality and inhibiting the oviposition; e) in relation to A. obtectus, total mortality of adults and no oviposition is observed with the use of powders from C. ambrosioides (f.2) and leaves from Coriandrum sativum; f) in no-choice test, Arc3 was less oviposited by Z. subfasciatus than IAC Carioca Pyatã and IAC Bico de Ouro, while in relation to A. obtectus the materials are equally preferred for oviposition; g) the materials with arcelin (Arc1, 2, 3 and 4) show non-preference resistance for feeding and/or antibiose to the Z. subfasciatus, prolonging the time for insect development (egg-adult) and reducing the adult weight, longevity and fecundity; h) in relation to A. obtectus, non-preference resistance for feeding and/or antibiose only occurs with Arc1, genotype that prolongs the development period and reduces the adult weight; i) Goiano Precoce is the most suitable material for the development of both insects; j) with the association of vegeta powders and resistant bean genotypes, only additive effect (and not syhngistic) is observed with the two control tactics for both insect species; k) the weight of consumed bean grains for Z. subfasciatus and A. obtectus was not affected by insecticide powders; however the weight, however, was lower in the genotypes with arcelin for both insects.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Pennsylvania State University, 1972. / Includes bibliographical references.

Polyclonal antisera were raised against isolates of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) using conventional serological methods. Infected tissues containing, respectively, 22 recognized BCMV and BCMNV isolates were tested against the two antisera by antigen-coated plate (ACP) ELISA and double antibody sandwich (DAS) ELISA. Results indicated that each immunoglobulin was virus-specific by DAS-ELISA, providing clear distinction between BCMV and BCMNV. A reverse transcription, polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based assay in combination with restriction endonuclease analyses, was developed for molecular detection of BCMV, BCMNV and their pathogroups. Specific detection of the two viruses was accomplished by constructing two virus-specific primer pairs that amplified a PCR product specific for each virus. Distinction of two BCMNV pathogroups (PG-III and PG-VI) was achieved by restriction enzyme XbaI digestion of BCMNV PCR products. However, none of the tested restriction enzymes clearly differentiated the five recognized BCMV pathogroups. A primer pair Dts/Uny15 specific for BCMV pathogroup V was also developed. By its RT-PCR application, four BCMV-PG-V isolates were differentiated from the other known variants of BCMV pathogroup I, II, IV and VII. Thus, by a combination of RT-PCR and restriction enzyme analyses, it was possible to differentiate both viruses, and two pathogroups of BCMNV, and one pathogroup of BCMV. / Graduation date: 1996

Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius G.), was germinated for 48 hours and used for akara preparation. Raw and germinated teparies and uncooked and cooked akara were analyzed for proximate and amino acid composition, vitamin A and ascorbic acid contents, trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA), and compared to that obtained using cowpeas. Protein and amino acid composition of cowpeas and raw teparies were similar. Vitamin A and ascorbic acid contents were low. Germination increased vitamin A and ascorbic acid contents but had little effect on protein content, amino acid composition, and TIA. In cooked akara, protein content dropped from 21.03-23.77% to 12.05-14.36%, ascorbic acid from 5.76-8.88% to 1.22-1.60%, and TIA from 12.41-12.98% to 9.15-11.25%. For sensory evaluation, no significant difference in color, texture, and flavor was found but for the overall acceptability, akara prepared from raw teparies was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) preferred to akara prepared using cowpeas and germinated teparies.

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