This thesys focuses on the communication of the Oskar company, Oskar-Vodafone and later Vodafone. In the first part is the description of the below the line part of commercial communications. In the second part the main focus is on the blow the line communication and its changes of the Oskar company to Vodafone. The focus is on the building up process of the brand and company identity. The last part is the summary of the customer experience with theese companies and reasons for the changes and behavior in that relationship.

El objeto de la tesis es analizar y sistematizar un fenómeno de comunicación empresarial que en el caso de España, y más concretamente Catalunya, adquiere unas características especiales en cuanto a profusión, liberalidad y originalidad: las promociones en la prensa. Se ha dividido en tres grandes bloques: el marco teórico de la Promoción de Ventas (evolución histórica del término, delimitación del concepto, principales características definitorias y el establecimiento de una clasificación de las técnicas básicas). Seguidamente se ha procedido a contextualizar la prensa con relación a la época desde inicios de los 80 a finales de los 90. Por último, se ha procedido a desarrollar el tema central de la investigación, la evolución y análisis de las promociones en el sector de la prensa. Para ello se han auditado las actas de la Oficina de Justificación de la Difusión (OJD) entre los años 1990-1998 y entrevistado en profundidad a los responsables de los diarios seleccionados (Avui, La Vanguardia, El Periódico de Catalunya, El País y el Mundo), entendiendo como tales a Directores Generales, Directores de Marketing o de Comunicación.La hipótesis de la investigación defiende la rentabilidad de las promociones a pesar que los costes que supone realizarlas (producción, distribución y comunicación mediante campaña publicitaria) no son superados, por norma, por los ingresos (aumento de ejemplares vendidos e inversión de los patrocinadores) Aunque no se ha entrado en el detalle del balance de gastos e ingresos debido a la confidencialidad de los mismos, los datos generales y unánimes aportados por los entrevistados así lo corroboran. Sin embargo, tras contabilizar las promociones desarrolladas durante nueve años por las cinco cabeceras seleccionadas en el estudio comprobamos que las promociones no han dejado de crecer en número y ni en días del año. Es decir cada vez hay más promociones y durante más tiempo. Por todo ello, se ha defendido la hipótesis de la rentabilidad de la inversión en promociones por parte de los diarios si bien, no en relación costes / ingresos (ya que como se ha dicho los primeros superan a los segundos) sino en términos de garantizar la audiencia, y por tanto la inversión publicitaria, a través de una rentabilidad indirecta. Como se verá, las promociones en la prensa cumplen la función de mantener una difusión promedio a lo largo del año que permita al diario garantizar un número determinado de lectores suficiente como para que a los anunciantes les interese comprar espacio publicitario. / The objective of this thesis is to analyse and systematize a business communication phenomenon which in Spain's case and more precisely in Catalonia, acquires several special characteristics, concerning profusion, liberality and originality: the Press sales promotion's .It has been divided into three sections. Firstly the sales promotion's theoretical context, (the historic evolution of the term, delimitation of the concept, main definition characteristics and the establishment of the classification's basic techniques). Secondly the press has been contextualised in relation to the beginning of the 80's until the late 1990's. Finally the main issue of our investigation, the evolution and analysis of the sales promotion in the Press sector, has been developed in detail. For this reason the certificates from the oficina de la justificación de la difusión (Justification broadcasting office), have been audited between 1990 and 1998. We have also interviewed in ernest those reponsable for the selected Newspapers (Avui, La Vanguardia, El Periódico de Catalunya, EL País y el mundo). Understood as CEO's, Marketing Directors and Communications directors. We defended the sales promotions rentability, in spite of the costs (production, distribution and communication) are not overcomed normally, by the revenue (journals saled and sponsor income) . Though we haven't entered into detail with regards to the spending and the income balance due to it's confidentiality, the general data unanimously supplied by those who were interviewed, support this fact. Nevertheless after auditing the promotion development during nine years by the chosen five. We prove that the promotions have not decreased in number, nor in global daily production figures. That is to say, each time there are more sales promotion and for longer periods of time.Therefore the rentability hypothesis of the investment in promotions has been defended by the daily Newspapers, no with regards to cost-income (as mentioned above) but rather in terms of guaranteeing the audience and therefore the publications investment, through indirect rentability. As we will see, the press sales promotions fulfil the function of maintaining an average broadcasting during the year, that allows the newspapers to guarantee a determined number of readers. Sufficient so as to keep the sales promotions interested in buying their publicity spaces.

<p>This study aims to research how small companies that operate on the Swedish home electronic-market utilize marketing communications to communicate their message. The focus of this study has been to research these companies use of below-the-line activities in their marketing communications. Interviews have been conducted with representatives from each of the three companies Neonode, Jens of Sweden and Tonium, that compose the selection from the population in this study. The use of below-the-line activities in small companies is mainly motivated by lower cost, which suit small company budgets. Below-the-line activities are also used for branding and the creation of credibility among the consumers when the target audience does not yet know the brand. On the other hand, above-the-line activities are used when you wish to remind the consumers of a certain product or brand once the brand already exists. The result that this study has generated is supported by previous studies that claim that companies first build their brand by the use below-the-line activities, and subsequently communicate the brand by using above-the-line activities within their marketing communications.</p> / <p>Denna studie syftar till att ta reda på hur små företag på den svenska hemelektronikmarknaden tillämpar marknadskommunikation för att nå ut med sitt budskap. Framförallt har fokus legat på tillämpningen av below-the-line metoder hos dessa företag. Tre intervjuer har därmed genomförts med representanter för företagen Neonode, Jens of Sweden och Tonium vilka utgör urvalet för populationen. Tillämpningen av below-the-line metoder inom marknadskommunikation motiveras till stor del av en lägre kostnad vilket passar små företags budget. Below-the-line tillämpas även vid varumärkesbyggande och skapandet av trovärdighet bland konsumenterna då man ännu inte har någon varumärkeskännedom bland målgruppen. Above-the-line metoder lämpar sig å andra sidan bäst då man vill påminna konsumenterna om en produkt eller ett varumärke då man redan har ett varumärke att kommunicera. Resultatet som denna uppsats genererat stöds av tidigare studier som menat att företag först bygger upp ett varumärke genom att tillämpa below-the-line, för att senare kommunicera varumärket genom above-the-line metoder.</p>

This study aims to research how small companies that operate on the Swedish home electronic-market utilize marketing communications to communicate their message. The focus of this study has been to research these companies use of below-the-line activities in their marketing communications. Interviews have been conducted with representatives from each of the three companies Neonode, Jens of Sweden and Tonium, that compose the selection from the population in this study. The use of below-the-line activities in small companies is mainly motivated by lower cost, which suit small company budgets. Below-the-line activities are also used for branding and the creation of credibility among the consumers when the target audience does not yet know the brand. On the other hand, above-the-line activities are used when you wish to remind the consumers of a certain product or brand once the brand already exists. The result that this study has generated is supported by previous studies that claim that companies first build their brand by the use below-the-line activities, and subsequently communicate the brand by using above-the-line activities within their marketing communications. / Denna studie syftar till att ta reda på hur små företag på den svenska hemelektronikmarknaden tillämpar marknadskommunikation för att nå ut med sitt budskap. Framförallt har fokus legat på tillämpningen av below-the-line metoder hos dessa företag. Tre intervjuer har därmed genomförts med representanter för företagen Neonode, Jens of Sweden och Tonium vilka utgör urvalet för populationen. Tillämpningen av below-the-line metoder inom marknadskommunikation motiveras till stor del av en lägre kostnad vilket passar små företags budget. Below-the-line tillämpas även vid varumärkesbyggande och skapandet av trovärdighet bland konsumenterna då man ännu inte har någon varumärkeskännedom bland målgruppen. Above-the-line metoder lämpar sig å andra sidan bäst då man vill påminna konsumenterna om en produkt eller ett varumärke då man redan har ett varumärke att kommunicera. Resultatet som denna uppsats genererat stöds av tidigare studier som menat att företag först bygger upp ett varumärke genom att tillämpa below-the-line, för att senare kommunicera varumärket genom above-the-line metoder.

This dissertation refers to BTL communication of Hellmann's brand from Unilever ČR, which is the leader on the mayonnaise and tatar sauce market for several years. The objective of this dissertation is to analyse questions about below the line communication with the focus on Sales promotion, outline trends in this matter and show application on concrete brand with the highlight of most used parts of BTL communication during execution of chosen activation, evaluation of this activation and proposition of feasible improvements.

The purpose of this diploma thesis is to analyze the tools of the marketing communication of Radio Impuls. The definition of marketing communication, mass and personal communication, the various types of marketing communication as well as above the line and below the line communication are outlined in the theoretical part. Further on, apart from introduction of a radio market in the Czech Republic and the placing of Radio Implus in the this market, I focused on defining the values, vision and mission of the brand Ráááádio Impuls, as well as the positioning, identity and the marketing communication tools of the radio. Finally, I conducted the research, described the results and consequent recommendations.

The topic of the thesis deals with BTL marketing communication and its importance for brand building. The aim is to analyze tools of BTL marketing communication on the Czech market and identify the most effective tools that can be used to build brand in the FMCG environment. The thesis should provide more details about below the line communication and its increase use market positioning. Also identify appropriate tool for building brand image, quality and raising customer awareness. Research, expert interviews and case studies were used to prove the objective of this thesis.

The submitted diploma work combines available information resources from the area of general brand management with current challenges which the Brand Management faces within the power industry in the dynamically developing Czech market with significant globalization features. This creates a structure of secondary information resources, practical experience and drawn conclusions which have never been published and are primarily relevant to optimisation of the E.ON brand but important for the entire power industry sector due to its focus and they surpass their branch in the brand migration area

The rapid increase in the expenditure on below-the-line promotions (consumer and trade promotions, direct marketing, sponsorship and public relations) relative to above-the-line advertising (television, radio, print, outdoor and cinema) in South Africa has earmarked a new era of integrated marketing communication strategies across all sectors. Ultimately, this strategic shift has brought about a need to better understand the relationship between above-the-line advertising and below-the-line promotions and to measure the impact of such changes on company sales/profits over the long-term. In the research undertaken amongst 250 senior marketing, brand and product managers of South African brand-owned companies, the relationship between above-the-line advertising and below-the-line promotions in the marketing of South African products and services was investigated across six different economic sectors. It was evident from the findings that most brand-owned companies currently integrate above-the-line advertising and below-the-line promotion activities. The study shows that most brand-owned companies in South Africa combine press, radio and television (above-the-line) with consumer promotions (below-the-line). The most frequently used above-the-line advertising medium is television, which is also seen as the most important mode to support long-term brand building amongst consumers. In turn, print is regarded as the most important above-the-line mode to support trade franchise building. Most frequently used below-the-line modes include direct marketing and public relations. Direct mail and cooperative advertising are seen as the most important below-the-line consumer and trade franchise building modes respectively. Although marketing communication expenditure is positively skewed towards above-the-line adverstising, most recent trends show a gradual increase in the use of below-the-line promotions. To prevent a brand's sales/profits from decreasing over the long-term due to too high below-the-line promotional expenditure, the study encourages a sound balance between above-the-line advertising and below-the-line promotions. Although the ideal ratio of above-the-line advertising to below-the-line promotions is related to the nature of the product and service being marketed, the extent of competitive activity in the market and the frequency of purchase, amongst many other salient factors, the study regards a 60/40 ratio as the most ideal for building long-term brands. On the other hand, a ratio of 35/65 is regarded as the critical point at which company sales/profits may deteriorate because of too high below-the-line promotional spending. In conclusion it can be said that the marketing communication industry of South Africa has entered a period of integrated marketing communication practices which requires sound marketing communication budget strategies conducive to the long-term survival of South African products and services. / Business Management / D. Com. (Marketing Communication)

The rapid increase in the expenditure on below-the-line promotions (consumer and trade promotions, direct marketing, sponsorship and public relations) relative to above-the-line advertising (television, radio, print, outdoor and cinema) in South Africa has earmarked a new era of integrated marketing communication strategies across all sectors. Ultimately, this strategic shift has brought about a need to better understand the relationship between above-the-line advertising and below-the-line promotions and to measure the impact of such changes on company sales/profits over the long-term. In the research undertaken amongst 250 senior marketing, brand and product managers of South African brand-owned companies, the relationship between above-the-line advertising and below-the-line promotions in the marketing of South African products and services was investigated across six different economic sectors. It was evident from the findings that most brand-owned companies currently integrate above-the-line advertising and below-the-line promotion activities. The study shows that most brand-owned companies in South Africa combine press, radio and television (above-the-line) with consumer promotions (below-the-line). The most frequently used above-the-line advertising medium is television, which is also seen as the most important mode to support long-term brand building amongst consumers. In turn, print is regarded as the most important above-the-line mode to support trade franchise building. Most frequently used below-the-line modes include direct marketing and public relations. Direct mail and cooperative advertising are seen as the most important below-the-line consumer and trade franchise building modes respectively. Although marketing communication expenditure is positively skewed towards above-the-line adverstising, most recent trends show a gradual increase in the use of below-the-line promotions. To prevent a brand's sales/profits from decreasing over the long-term due to too high below-the-line promotional expenditure, the study encourages a sound balance between above-the-line advertising and below-the-line promotions. Although the ideal ratio of above-the-line advertising to below-the-line promotions is related to the nature of the product and service being marketed, the extent of competitive activity in the market and the frequency of purchase, amongst many other salient factors, the study regards a 60/40 ratio as the most ideal for building long-term brands. On the other hand, a ratio of 35/65 is regarded as the critical point at which company sales/profits may deteriorate because of too high below-the-line promotional spending. In conclusion it can be said that the marketing communication industry of South Africa has entered a period of integrated marketing communication practices which requires sound marketing communication budget strategies conducive to the long-term survival of South African products and services. / Business Management / D. Com. (Marketing Communication)