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Bible translation in Christian mission : a case study of the spiritual and socio-cultural impact of the Bible translation strategy of the Ghana Institute of Linguistics, Literacy and Bible Translation on the Dega people of Ghana.Atta-Akosah, Thomas. January 2004 (has links)
After participants had been told of the processes of Bible translation during a prayer partners meeting of Ghana Institute of Linguistics, Literacy and Bible Translation (GILLBT), one of them asked, "After the people have been given the Scriptures, what happens?" This study has been an attempt to supply answers to such questions. It attempts to ascertain the impact that the Bible translation strategy (BTS) of GILLBT has had on the Dega people of Ghana, especially their socio-cultural and spiritual lives. The study uses Darrell Whiteman's conceptual framework of Integral Human Development to analyse how the Bible translation strategy has contributed to their human development. The BTS comprises linguistic and anthropological research, Bible translation, literacy and development and Scripture-In-Use. The dissertation traces the historical origins and the rich but distinctive cultural beliefs and practices of the Dega. The results have shown that rete WJ bi ka, tete WJ bi kyere, "the past has a lot to say and teach us". The emergence of the Church and the BTS in the Dega Hare (Degaland) has also been outlined. One fact that runs through all the stories is the conspicuous role that the laity played in bringing the Church to Dega Hare. The Church came as early as in the 1930s, mostly from the south of the country. However, the situation is changing and from the 1990s Dega initiated churches are emerging. The BTS has been in Dega Hare since 1981 and some of the fruits have been the Deg New Testament, an ongoing Old Testament translation, a literacy program that has made over three thousand Dega literate in Deg, a Scripture use promotion program called Scripture-In-Use and an indigenous organisation, Deg Language Project. The dissertation analyses the socio-cultural and spiritual impact that the BTS has had on Dega in chapters four and five. It uses human interest stories and testimonies to depict the impact on the lives of individuals and communities. The dissertation ends with a summary of the findings and some recommendations for the future. / Thesis (M.Th.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004
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Analysing the frames of a bible: the case of the Setswana translations of the book of RuthBerman, Sidney K. 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD) Stellenbosch University, 2014 / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates how the contextual frames of reference (CFRs) of the three extant
Setswana Bibles – Moffat, Wookey and BSSA (Bible Society of South Africa) – could have
impacted on their renderings of the book of Ruth. The fact that the Bibles were translated
within contexts that differed from those of the Hebrew text of Ruth gives rise to the
assumption that some of such contexts or frames could have had problematic influences on
decision making during translation. Differing frames were assumed to have led to differences
(i.e., translation shifts) between the translations and the Hebrew text. Such frames were
hypothesised to have emanated from socio-cultural, textual, communication-situational and
organisational circumstances pertaining to the making of the Hebrew text and the translations.
Since contextual frames of various kinds presumably converged on the Setswana target texts
(TTs), this study proposes an integrated multidisciplinary approach to frame analysis, namely,
the cognitive CFR model. The framework, which is embedded in biblical interpretation,
merges insights from other disciplines including translation studies, cognitive semantics and
cultural studies. The translators‟ decisions are evaluated using the heuristic perspective of “an
exegetically justifiable rendering.”
The study identified indeed countless shifts in the three Setswana translations which resulted
from hypothetical socio-cultural, organisational, communicational and textual factors.
Moffat‟s shifts revealed a predomination of organisational CFRs throughout the book of Ruth.
The organisational CFR also stood out occasionally for Wookey as well. BSSA did not show
a predomination of any class of CFRs but manifested the least problematic CFRs. As far as
the negative influences of CFRs were concerned, BSSA was the least affected, followed by
Wookey and lastly Moffat. The study reveals that it could sometimes be simple, but other
times also be difficult or impossible, depending on the pertinent CFR, to provide an
exegetically justifiable rendering of an ST unit. Yet, it can be concluded from this study that
an awareness of CFRs during translation or analysis of translations can contribute towards the
improvement of existing translations or the reduction of problematic shifts in new Bible
translation projects. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek hoe die kontekstuele verwysingsraamwerke (KVRs) van die drie
bestaande Setswana Bybels - Moffat, Wookey en BSA ( Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika) –
hulle weergawes van die boek Rut kon beïnvloed het. Die feit dat die Bybels vertaal is binne
kontekste wat verskil van dié van die Hebreeuse teks van Rut, dra by tot die aanname dat van
die kontekste of raamwerke moontlik ‟n problematiserende invloed op besluitneming tydens
die vertalingsprosesse kon hê. Daar is aangeneem dat verskillende raamwerke lei tot verskille
(byvoorbeeld: vertaalskuiwe) tussen die vertalings en die Hebreeuse teks. Daar is veronderstel
dat sulke raamwerke spruit uit sosio-kulturele, tekstueel-kommunikatiewe en organisatoriese
omstandighede van die vertaalproses asook die van die Hebreeuse teks.
Aangesien verskillende soorte kontekstuele raamwerke vermoedelik ingespeel het op die
Setswana teikentekste (TTs), fokus hierdie studie op 'n geïntegreerde multi-dissiplinêre
benadering tot die raamwerk-analise, naamlik die kognitiewe KVR model. Die raamwerk, wat
ingebed is in die veld van Bybelse interpretasie, kombineer insigte uit ander dissiplines,
insluitend: vertaalkunde, kognitiewe semantiek en kulturele studies. Die vertaler se besluite
word geëvalueer met behulp van die heuristiese perspektief van "'n eksegeties begrondbare
vertaling." Die studie het inderdaad talle vertaalskuiwe in die drie Setswana vertalings
geïdentifiseer wat teruggevoer kon word na hipotetiese sosio-kulturele, organisatoriese-,
kommunikatiewe- en tekstuele faktore. Moffat se vertaalskuiwe vertoon ‟n dominansie van
organisatoriese KVRs regdeur die boek Rut. Die invloed van organisatoriese KVR‟s is
dikwels ook in Wookey geïdentifiseer. BSA vertoon egter nie „n oorheersing van enige klas
van KVRs nie. Tewens, dit vertoon die minste problematiese KVRs. Sover die negatiewe
invloede van KVRs betref, is BSA die minste geraak, gevolg deur Wookey en laastens
Moffat. Die studie toon dat dit soms eenvoudig, maar ander kere ook moeilik of onmoontlik
is, afhangend van die pertinente KVR, om 'n eksegeties-regverdigbare vertaling van 'n GT
eenheid te bied. Tog, kan dit afgelei word uit hierdie studie dat 'n bewustheid van KVRs
tydens vertaling of ontleding van vertalings kan bydra tot die verbetering van reeds bestaande
vertalings of die vermindering van problematiese vertaalskuiwe in nuwe
Bybelvertalingsprojekte.
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A Biblical Hebrew lexicon for translators based on recent developments in theoretical lexicographyImbayarwo, Taurai 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (DLitt (Ancient Studies))--University of Stellenbsoch, 2008. / Two main problems that confront existing Biblical Hebrew (BH) dictionaries can be identified.
Firstly, there is a lack of adequate semantic models for the analysis and description of lexemes.
Secondly, data is structured in ways that do not enhance optimal retrieval of desired information
from the dictionary. The failure to take cognizance of the insights from theoretical lexicography
partly explains the state of BH dictionaries. This investigation hypothesizes that current insights
from theoretical lexicography can improve existing lexica and create better ones.
Accumulated insights from the academic community have resulted in the formulation of a theory of
lexicography or metalexicography. In this light, a general lexicographic theory of components and
structures of dictionaries is selected and investigated in order to establish the aspects of BH that can
be improved. The point of departure is the notion of “dictionary criticism”, which focuses on the
critical evaluation of existing dictionaries with the goal of improving them. Though there are other
approaches to assess lexica critically, theoretical lexicography provides justified heuristics for an
objective appraisal of BH dictionaries. These heuristic include notions of “frame structure”,
“lexicographic function,” and “microstructure.” The frame structure focuses on the structural
components of the dictionary book. The lexicographic function places emphasis on the goals that
the dictionary purports to fulfill in the light of its target users. The microstructure hosts the data that
is provided as part of the lexicographic treatment of the lemma sign. In addition, it is the centre of
user’s look up activities, and it hosts other important structural components. The above selected
notions directly affect the extent to which the user benefits from the dictionary and the success of
the dictionary in general.
The criticism of selected BH dictionaries in the light of the above-mentioned reveals that most
dictionaries fall short in certain critical areas. Data types that are provided are either unnecessary or
are not structured in ways that allow optimal and successful retrieval of desired information. Such
inadequacies present evidence that existing BH dictionaries can benefit from the insights of
theoretical lexicography. A model that seeks to ameliorate BH dictionaries is developed primarily
for Bible translators based on selected insights from theoretical lexicography. A trial of this model
of BH lexemes that are selected from different lexical classes demonstrates improved lexica in
terms of the lexicographic function, the selection, and the organization of data. The trial of the
model also highlights areas that need further investigation in the light of current trends in theoretical
lexicography in order to better the quality of BH dictionaries.
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The story of the Bible among Ovakwanyama : the agency of indigenous translators.Ngodji, Martin. January 2004 (has links)
This research deals with Bible translating into Oshikwanyama between 1891 and 1974. Poeple who live in northern Namibia and southern Angola speak Oshikwanyama. The research will focus on stages of translation projects and work done by translators, co-ordinators and the translation committee, as from German missionaries from the Rhenish Missionary Society for Finnish missionaries from Finnish Missionary Society. However, the focus will concentrate more on the agency of African indigenous translators. The German missionaries started the translation of the New Testament into Oshikwanyama with the assistance of the indigenous people when they arrived in Oukwanyama in 1891. The New Testament was printed in 1927 in London. The Finnish missionaries started the translation of the whole Bible into under the auspices of the BFBS Oshikwanyama in late 1958, and it was published by the BSSA in Cape Town in 1974. In line with the focus of this research, little has been documented up t6o now about African missionary identities and their contributions. The present research on Bible translation into Oshikwanyama aims to correct this by giving their biographies in some details. The issue of Bible translation into Oshikwanyama went hand in hand with the development of the language in written form. Therefore at the end the Oshikwanyama were very happy because God now speak to them in their language and at the same time their language has been recignized. In this research you will find out that indigenous people were not only behind the translation of the Bible into Oshikwanyama, but they were involved in that translation, proofreading and the correct appropriation of words. The 1974 Bible in Oshikwanyama is the product of African missionaries. After reading this thesis you will know them by their names and individual contributions. / Thesis (M.Th.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.
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Die beskikbaarstelling, deur die Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika, van die Bybel in die inheemse tale van Suid-Afrika : 'n missiologiese studie (Afrikaans)Sieberhagen, Charl Francois 18 January 2007 (has links)
Afrikaans: Die Vlootkommissaris, Jahleel Brenton, se ywer en passie vir Bybelverspreiding lei tot die stigting van die tweede Hulpvereniging van die Britse en Buitelandse Bybelgenootskap in Afrika. Hierdie stigtingsvergadering vind plaas onder voorsitterskap van die luitenant-goewemeur aan die Kaap, sir Rufane Donkin, op 23 Augustus 1820. Dit is eers in 1965, dat die Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika 'n selfstandige Bybelgenootskap word en sy plek kan inneem by die Wereldbond van Bybelgenootskappe as 'n finansieel bydraende Genootskap tot die Werelddiensprogram. In 1970 verskyn die publikasie, God het laat groei, wat die geskiedenis van die Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika beskryf vanaf 1820 tot 1970. Sedert hierdie publikasie verskyn het, is daar nog nie weer so 'n uitgebreide studie uitgevoer nie. Jaarverslae is elke jaar gepubliseer, maar dit was gerig op die donateurskorps, met inligting wat by wyse van opsommings weergegee is. Dit is egter opmerklik dat daar nog nooit 'n missiologiese studie gedoen is oor die werksaarnhede van die Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika nie. As gevolg van die feit dat die Bybelgenootskap die enigste organisasie in Suid-Afrika is wat die Bybel amptelik vertaal, produseer en versprei in al die inheemse tale van ons land, moet daar gevra word na die relevansie van hierdie organisasie se werksaarnhede vir die sendingontwikkeling in Suid-Afrika asook Suider-Afrika. <op> Betrokkenheid deur die Bybelgenootskap by vertalingsprojekte in die inheemse tale van ons land, het deur die jare baie gewissel. Tans word vertaalspanne in diens van die Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika gestel en hulle doen die vertaalwerk namens die kerk, sendingorganisasies en breë Christelike gemeenskap. Die Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika staan in 'n baie unieke verhouding met die kerk, sendingorganisasies en die breë Christelike gemeenskap. Samewerking geskied op 'n wye spektrum van terreine. Die Bybelgenootskap is afhanklik van die kerke, sendingorganisasies en die breë Christelike gemeenskap, vir menslike hulpbronne en finansiële ondersteuning. Die kerke, sendingorganisasies en die breë Christelike gemeenskap is weer van die Bybelgenootskap afhanklik vir Bybels in die inheemse tale van ons land, asook ander verwante materiaal. Hierdie studie het aangetoon dat daar 'n missionere visie aanweslg is in die werksaamhede van die Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika, maar ook by die donateurskorps. Hierdie missionêre visie het inderdaad daartoe gelei dat die Christendom in Suid-Afrika gevestig kon word. Hierdie studie toon baie duidelik aan dat die Bybelgenootskap van Suid-Afrika 'n integrale deel van die missionêre speelveld in Suid¬Afrika is, ook ten opsigte van die toekoms. English: The Naval Commissioner, Jaheel Brenton's passion and diligence regarding Bible distribution leads to the founding of the second Auxiliary of the British and Foreign Bible Society in Africa. This founding meeting takes place on 23 August 1820 under the chairmanship of the lieutenant-governor at the Cape, Sir Rufane Donkin. Only in 1965 does the Bible Society of South Africa become an independent Bible Society and became immediately a contributing Society towards the World Service Programme of the United Bible Societies. In 1970 the publication, God made it grow, appears, describing the history of the Bible Society of South Africa from 1820 to 1970. A comprehensive study of this has not hitherto been executed. Reports are published annually but are directed at the contributing donors of the Bible Society of South Africa with relevant information conveyed in the form of summaries. It is, however, remarkable that a missiological study has never been done on the activities of the Bible Society of South Africa. Considering the fact that the Bibles Society is the only organization in South Africa which officially translates, produces and distributes the Bible in all our indigenous languages, one must question the relevance of this organization's activities towards the development of missionary actions in South Africa and Southern Africa. Over the years the Bible Society's involvement regarding translation projects into the indigenous languages of our country has changed considerably. Nowadays, teams of translators are appointed in the service of the Bible Society. They do the translation on behalf of the Church, missionary organizations and the broader Christian community. The Bible Society of South Africa maintains a unique relationship with the Church, missionary organizations and with the broader Christian community and a wide spectrum of co-operation exists. The Bible Society is dependant on the churches, missionary organizations and the broader Christian community for human resources and financial support. Accordingly, churches, missionary organizations and the broader Christian community are dependant on the Bible Society for Bibles and other related material in the indigenous languages of our country. This study has indicated the presence of a missionary vision in the activities of the Bible Society of South Africa as well as their donors. Indeed this missionary vision has resulted in the establishment of Christianity in South Africa. This study clearly indicates that the Bible Society of South Africa is an integral part of the missionary playing-field in South Africa, also with regard to the future. / Thesis (PhD (Science of Religion and Missiology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Science of Religion and Missiology / unrestricted
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An experiment in Bible translation as transcultural communication : the translation of [berith] 'covenant' into Lomwe, with a focus on Leviticus 26Foster, Stuart Jeremy 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (DTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2005 / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The narrow question is how best to translate into Lomwe the biblical Hebrew term [berith]
'covenant'. But this question draws in many other issues when the contextual nature of
communication is taken into account. Using Leviticus 26 as a focus text, this study sketches a
complete arc from the impact at world view level of covenant concepts in the original to impact
at worldview level among present-day Lomwe-speakers in northern Mozambique.
This study defends a definition of covenant in its ancient Near Eastern context as a chosen
relationship of mutual obligation guaranteed by oath sanctions. A close reading of Leviticus 26
in its literary contexts highlights the integrating role of covenant in the Old Testament. Used for
Yahweh and his people, covenant language stressed that the relationship was exclusive, secure,
accountable and purposeful. However, Lomwe-speakers are traditionally matrilineal with no
adequate analogs to ancient covenantal customs. Protestant Christians among them, who have
not had the Old Testament in their language, show by their songs that they do not have a
covenantal sense of their relationship to God, but see life as a journey of escape to heaven
while under the threat of divine judgment. For the present experiment, volunteers preached
from a translation of Leviticus 26 to their congregations. In the resulting recorded sermons, the
covenant concepts emphasized were relationship and obligation (but not chosenness or oath
sanctions), and exclusivity and accountability (but not security or purpose). To compensate, the
study proposes specific steps for Bible translators and those involved in the broader teaching
task of the churches, especially dwelling on the potential of using muloko wa Muluku, 'people
of God' as an integrating framework. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die enger vraag is hoe 'n mens die Bybels-Hebreeuse term, [berith] 'verbond', die beste in Lomwe
kan vertaal? Indien die konteksgebondenheid van kommunikasie in berekening gebring word,
impliseer hierdie vraag egter 'n hele aantal ander strydvrae. Deur Levitikus as 'n fokusteks te
gebruik, skets hierdie studie 'n volledige boog: van die impak op die vlak van die
wereldbeskouing van verbondsbegrippe in die brontaal tot by die impak wat die vertaling van
hierdie konsepte maak op die wereldbeskouing van die Lomwe sprekers in die noorde van
Mosambiek.
Hierdie ondersoek verdedig die volgende defmisie van verbond in 'n Ou Nabye Oosterse
konteks: 'n Verbond is 'n vrywillig gekose verhouding met wedersyde verpligtinge wat
gewaarborg is deur die sankie van eedswering. 'n Noukeurige lees van Levitikus 26 in sy
literere kontekste beklemtoon die integrerende rol van verbond in die Ou Testament. As 'n
konsep wat gebruik is vir die verhouding tussen Jahwe en sy mense, aksentueer verbond die
feit dat die verhouding wat ter sprake is, eksklusief, veilig en doelgerig is, asook dat dit
verantwoording impliseer. Lomwe sprekers is egter tradisioneel matrilineer en het geen
instelling wat analoog is aan 'n verbondsverhouding nie. Die Protestanse Christene onder hulle
wat ook nog nie 'n Ou Testament in hulle moedertaal het nie, gee in hulle liedere blyke daarvan
dat hulle geen begrip het wat 'n verbondsverhouding met God beteken rue. Hulle sien die lewe
as 'n ontvlugtingsreis na die hemel te midde van die swaard van 'n goddelike oordeel.Vir die
buidige eksperiment bet vrywilliges vir bulle gemeentes gepreek uit 'n vertaling van Levitikus
26. In die preke wat op band opgeneem is, is die aspekte van verbond wat telkens beklemtoon
is, die van verbouding and verpligting (nie die van nabyheid of die sanksies wat verband hou
met eedswering nie), die van eksklusiwiteit en die doen van verantwoording (en nie die van
sekuriteit en doelgerigtheid nie). Om te kompenseer stel die ondersoek stappe voor wat
Bybelvertalers en mense wat betrokke is in die breere lerende taak van die kerke kan gebruik.
Aan die potensiaal van die konsep muloko wa Muluku, 'God se mense' word besondere aandag
gewy as integrerende raamwerk.
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The problem of dynamic equivalence in the translation of the Bible into Sepedi "Bibele ya taba ye botse" with special reference to the book of "Revelation"Mashao, Ntshibudi Veronica January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (M.A. (Translation Studies and Linguistics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2008 / Refer to document
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Semantics, world view and Bible translation : an integrated analysis of a selection of Hebrew lexical items referring to negative moral behaviour in the book of IsaiahVan Steenbergen, Gerrit Jan 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / Tot op hede is die studie van die semantiek tot 'n groot mate bëinvloed deur die taalkundige
perspektiefvan die navorser. Dit het dikwels gelei tot resultate wat skeefgetrek is deur die
voorveronderstellings van die navorser. Sommige aspekte van betekenis wat van primêre belang
is vir die semantiese beskrywing van bepaalde taalkundige konstruksies is in die proses nie
genoegsaam, of glad nie, aan die orde gestel nie. Semantiek as 'n interdissiplinêre wetenskap het
'n komplekse karakter aangesien taalkunde, antropologie, kognitiewe sielkunde en, afhangend van
die doel van 'n bepaalde semantiese analise, ander verwante dissiplines daarin 'n rol kan speel.
Om die rede is daar 'n behoefte aan 'n omvattende benadering in terme waarvan die verskillende
faktore verreken kan word.
In die semantiese analise van Bybel-Hebreeuse konstruksiesvorm die kulturele agtergrond van
leksikale items 'n integrale deel van die semantiese inhoud van hierdie items. In die lig van die
beduidende historiese en kulturele verskille tussen die konteks(te) van die Ou Testament en die
konteks(te) van hedendaagse lesers is dit dus belangrik om die kulturele dimensie van 'n
semantiese analise van Bybels-Hebreeuse leksikale items sistematies aan die orde te stel. So 'n
benadering is van groot belang vir Bybelvertaling wat by uitstek 'n proses van interkulturele
kommunikasie is.
Bybelvertalers het 'n behoefte aan analitiese instrumente wat al die fasette van die semantiese
inhoud van Bybels-Hebreeuse lekseme verdiskonteer. Die doel van hierdie studie is om 'n
semantiese model te ontwerp wat vir die doel gebruik kan word. Die vertrekpunt van die studie is
die teorie van komponensiële analise. Die geskiedenis en ontwikkeling van die model word
krities bespreek. Die moontlikhede wat hierdie teorie bied vir 'n meer omvattende model word
ondersoek. Besondere aandag word gegee aan die nut wat hierdie benadering het as heuristiese
instrument vir die semantiese analises. Die komponensiële analise van betekenis word op hierdie
manier geïdentifiseer as 'n benadering wat nie te gou afgeskiet moet word as synde te eng
strukturalisties nie. Inteendeel, dit kan ook as 'n buigsame instrument ontwikkel word wat nie net
betekenisrelasies in terme van dichotomieë kan beskryf nie. Dit kan ook gebruik word om 'n wye
verskeidenheid semantiese verhoudings te analiseer wat insigte van die kognitiewe taalkunde
insluit. Daar is verder bevind dat die konsep "semantiese universalium" wat 'n belangrike
komponent is van sommige benaderings tot leksikale semantiek weinig waarde het vir 'n
semantiese analise wat 'n bydrae wil maak tot vertaling as interkulturele kommunikasie. Die
universele kategorieë is meestal so generies dat hulle weinig bydrae tot die beskrywing van die
fyner nuanses van lekseme wat tot dieselfde semantiese veld behoort. Daar moet eerder gepoog
word om in soverre dit moontlik is 'n instument te ontwikkel wat taal en kultuur spesifiek is. Die
kategorieë en kriteria vir die semantiese analise moet verder aan die hand van die brontaal en -
kultuur self ontwikkel word. Die navorser moet baie versigtig wees dat sy ofhaar eie teoretiese
voorveronderstellings nie op die ondersoek-instrument afgedruk word nie.
In die ondersoek is gevind dat die kulturele dimensie van die leksikale items nie genoegsaam
verreken kan word, sonder om die wêreldbeeld te analiseer wat ten grondslag lê van die tekste
waarin die leksikale items voorkom nie. Vir die doel is 'n analitiese modelontwikkel. Hierdie
buigsame model gebruik 'n stel veranderlikes om die tipiese wêreldbeeld te identifiseer wat ten
grondslag lê van 'n bepaalde korpus van tekste. Nadat die onderliggende wêreldbeeld van die
boek van Jesaja beskryf is, word die leksikale items in hierdie boek, wat behoort tot die
semantiese veld "negatiewe morele gedrag" geanaliseer. Op grond van die resultate word 'n aantal
aanbevelings gemaak oor die wyse waarop hierdie items in 'n Hebreeuse leksikon beskryf kan
word. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tot op hede is die studie van die semantiek tot 'n groot mate bëinvloed deur die taalkundige
perspektief van die navorser. Dit het dikwels gelei tot resultate wat skeefgetrek is deur die
voorveronderstellings van die navorser. Sommige aspekte van betekenis wat van primêre belang
is vir die semantiese beskrywing van bepaalde taalkundige konstruksies is in die proses nie
genoegsaam, of glad nie, aan die orde gestel nie. Semantiek as 'n interdissiplinêre wetenskap het
'n komplekse karakter aangesien taalkunde, antropologie, kognitiewe sielkunde en, afhangend van
die doel van 'n bepaalde semantiese analise, ander verwante dissiplines daarin 'n rol kan speel.
Om die rede is daar 'n behoefte aan 'n omvattende benadering in terme waarvan die verskillende
faktore verreken kan word.
In die semantiese analise van Bybel-Hebreeuse konstruksies vorm die kulturele agtergrond van
leksikale items 'n integrale deel van die semantiese inhoud van hierdie items. In die lig van die
beduidende historiese en kulturele verskille tussen die konteks(te) van die Ou Testament en die
konteks(te) van hedendaagse lesers is dit dus belangrik om die kulturele dimensie van 'n
semantiese analise van Bybels-Hebreeuse leksikale items sistematies aan die orde te stel. So 'n
benadering is van groot belang vir Bybelvertaling wat by uitstek 'n proses van interkulturele
kommunikasie is.
Bybelvertalers het 'n behoefte aan analitiese instrumente wat al die fasette van die semantiese
inhoud van Bybels-Hebreeuse lekseme verdiskonteer. Die doel van hierdie studie is om 'n
semantiese model te ontwerp wat vir die doel gebruik kan word. Die vertrekpunt van die studie is
die teorie van komponensiële analise. Die geskiedenis en ontwikkeling van die model word
krities bespreek. Die moontlikhede wat hierdie teorie bied vir 'n meer omvattende model word
ondersoek. Besondere aandag word gegee aan die nut wat hierdie benadering het as heuristiese
instrument vir die semantiese analises. Die komponensiële analise van betekenis word op hierdie
manier geïdentifiseer as 'n benadering wat nie te gou afgeskiet moet word as synde te eng
strukturalisties nie. Inteendeel, dit kan ook as 'n buigsame instrument ontwikkel word wat nie net
betekenisrelasies in terme van dichotomieë kan beskryf nie. Dit kan ook gebruik word om 'n wye
verskeidenheid semantiese verhoudings te analiseer wat insigte van die kognitiewe taalkunde
insluit. Daar is verder bevind dat die konsep "semantiese universalium" wat 'n belangrike
komponent is van sommige benaderings tot leksikale semantiek weinig waarde het vir 'n
semantiese analise wat 'n bydrae wil maak tot vertaling as interkulturele kommunikasie. Die
universele kategorieë is meestal so generies dat hulle weinig bydrae tot die beskrywing van die
fyner nuanses van lekseme wat tot dieselfde semantiese veld behoort. Daar moet eerder gepoog
word om in soverre dit moontlik is 'n instument te ontwikkel wat taal en kultuur spesifiek is. Die
kategorieë en kriteria vir die semantiese analise moet verder aan die hand van die brontaal en -
kultuur self ontwikkel word. Die navorser moet baie versigtig wees dat sy of haar eie teoretiese
voorveronderstellings nie op die ondersoek-instrument afgedruk word nie.
In die ondersoek is gevind dat die kulturele dimensie van die leksikale items nie genoegsaam
verreken kan word, sonder om die wêreldbeeld te analiseer wat ten grondslag lê van die tekste
waarin die leksikale items voorkom nie. Vir die doel is 'n analitiese model ontwikkel. Hierdie
buigsame model gebruik 'n stel veranderlikes om die tipiese wêreldbeeld te identifiseer wat ten
grondslag lê van 'n bepaalde korpus van tekste. Nadat die onderliggende wêreldbeeld van die
boek van Jesaja beskryf is, word die leksikale items in hierdie boek, wat behoort tot die
semantiese veld "negatiewe morele gedrag" geanaliseer. Op grond van die resultate word 'n aantal
aanbevelings gemaak oor die wyse waarop hierdie items in 'n Hebreeuse leksikon beskryf kan
word.
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