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Text in Afrikaans / The hypothesis debated here is that a critical reading process leads to a responsible use of the Bible. The metaphor of birth and growth is used autobiographically in order to illustrate the mastering of a critical reading process. Fundamentalism as condition before the birth indicates a pre-critical reading and understanding of the Bible. The transition to a critical reading and understanding contains certain psychological effects for the reader. In some instances it may even be called a painful birth process. The growing process progresses slowly. Concepts like inspiration, canon, Scriptural authority, the Bible as Word of God are once more scrutinised in the light of a critical reading process. Aspects that need to be settled with any critical reading are surveyed and may be seen as proposed directives for the mastering of the process: the strangeness of the world of the Bible, the evolution of the Bible, the Bible as literature and the critical Bible reader and objectivity. A critical reading process has certain implications for the traditional understanding of certain Bible themes. This, for example, is illustrated in view of the relation between the two testaments, prophecy, human thinking about God in the Bible and the liberating energy of justification through faith. New insights also establish the necessity for contact with believers within and outside the Christian tradition. With regard to the New Testament and the Jesus movement, a critical reading also leads to new insights. Historical Jesus research is handled and settled in earnest in an attempt to reflect new insights in the Christian tradition. In conclusion, the role of the church is surveyed through a critical reading process. A few personal contentions and conceptions of faith are presented as a survey of the growing process up till the present time. The Divine image of a critical reader is argued in the light of the knowledge of science and the provisional nature of human knowledge about God. That the baby is not thrown out with the bath-water, implies that a critical reader's faith in God need not be sacrificed. On the contrary, it can lead to an enriching spiritual experience. / Religious Studies & Arabic / D. Litt. et Phil. (Bybelkunde)

Text in Afrikaans / The hypothesis debated here is that a critical reading process leads to a responsible use of the Bible. The metaphor of birth and growth is used autobiographically in order to illustrate the mastering of a critical reading process. Fundamentalism as condition before the birth indicates a pre-critical reading and understanding of the Bible. The transition to a critical reading and understanding contains certain psychological effects for the reader. In some instances it may even be called a painful birth process. The growing process progresses slowly. Concepts like inspiration, canon, Scriptural authority, the Bible as Word of God are once more scrutinised in the light of a critical reading process. Aspects that need to be settled with any critical reading are surveyed and may be seen as proposed directives for the mastering of the process: the strangeness of the world of the Bible, the evolution of the Bible, the Bible as literature and the critical Bible reader and objectivity. A critical reading process has certain implications for the traditional understanding of certain Bible themes. This, for example, is illustrated in view of the relation between the two testaments, prophecy, human thinking about God in the Bible and the liberating energy of justification through faith. New insights also establish the necessity for contact with believers within and outside the Christian tradition. With regard to the New Testament and the Jesus movement, a critical reading also leads to new insights. Historical Jesus research is handled and settled in earnest in an attempt to reflect new insights in the Christian tradition. In conclusion, the role of the church is surveyed through a critical reading process. A few personal contentions and conceptions of faith are presented as a survey of the growing process up till the present time. The Divine image of a critical reader is argued in the light of the knowledge of science and the provisional nature of human knowledge about God. That the baby is not thrown out with the bath-water, implies that a critical reader's faith in God need not be sacrificed. On the contrary, it can lead to an enriching spiritual experience. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D. Litt. et Phil. (Bybelkunde)

The purpose of this project was to prepare eight scripts derived from Biblical texts using various techniques of oral interpretation. All scripts employ two or more readers and are non-doctrinal in content, making them useful to any Bible-based church. Chapter I presents a statement of the problem, a review of the literature, justification for the project, the purpose, and procedures that were to be followed. Chapter II contains the scripts, general information for their use, and commentaries on each. The scripts are entitled "The Birth of Christ," "The Crucifixion," "The Resurrection," "The Second Coming of Christ," "The Last Supper," "Baptism," "Marriage," and "Christian Leadership." Chapter III includes a summary of the creative process, observations, and recommendations for future scripts.

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This thesis contributes towards understanding of how ‘ordinary’ Christians, who have little or no experience of academic biblical study or theological training, might be enabled to engage more deeply with the Bible. I propose that attempts to cultivate the skills of biblical engagement among ordinary Christians might be shaped around lectio divina, this ancient practice being adapted for the situation of contemporary readers. The adaptations would involve use of a range of modern media with which to encounter the texts, working in small groups in order to make space for a more intentional engagement between the voices of multiple ordinary interpreters, and employment of strategies to enable readers to navigate a perceived tension when approaching the Bible: one between head and heart, academic learning and spiritual growth. More specifically, I propose that the promotion of biblical engagement among ordinary Christians should be undertaken as a planned programme with a suite of different resources, which complement one another in both style and aim, together with a sign-posted framework to show participants what each stage is designed to achieve. It should begin with a widely accessible introduction to the whole Bible that conveys the overall narrative and historical setting while communicating the sense that the reader is a participant in the ongoing biblical story. This and subsequent resources should be selected in order to attempt to integrate cognitive and emotive approaches to the texts and, where possible, straightforward terminology would be employed to maximise accessibility. These proposals emerged from my evaluation of an experiment in promoting biblical engagement among ordinary Christians (Bible Society’s ‘Pathfinder’). Analysis of, and reflection upon, the rich qualitative data generated there led to my examining the process of developing biblical engagement in the context of the lectio divina tradition and in the light of contemporary theological reflection across a wide range of theological hermeneutics.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-01-22T11:34:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Gonçalves da Silva.pdf: 1769090 bytes, checksum: 5cf45322c59b7a6eeb3eee12d2f3a476 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-22T11:34:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Gonçalves da Silva.pdf: 1769090 bytes, checksum: 5cf45322c59b7a6eeb3eee12d2f3a476 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present work aims to understand the intertextuality present in the Lucan account concerning the temptations of Jesus in the desert. In addition, to emphasize the importance of reading the Scriptures in canonical form, without reductionism or fundamentalisms, vices of understanding that generate errors and even conflicts between people very influenced by extremist ideologies, therefore, closed in their understandings referring to the complex and difficult realities of the current time. An appreciation for the tradition of the Scriptures is advocated, so that a correct understanding of the biblical text can be reached, avoiding, as it were, any effort to "twist" the Word of God, in order to make it say what, perhaps, never meant to say. By interpreting exegetically the teachings transmitted according to the Tradition of the inspired text, a new consciousness can be reached and it will allow an effective behavior in the fight against all that can represent evil and injustice / O presente trabalho visa entender a intertextualidade presente no relato lucano referente às tentações de Jesus no deserto. Além disso, ressaltar a importância de ler as Escrituras de forma canônica, sem reducionismo ou fundamentalismos, vícios de compreensão que geram erros e até mesmo conflitos entre pessoas muito influenciadas por ideologias extremistas e, por isso, fechadas em suas compreensões referentes às realidades complexas e difíceis do tempo atual. Defende-se um apreço pela tradição das Escrituras, para que assim se chegue a uma reta compreensão do texto bíblico, evitando, por assim dizer, todo e qualquer esforço em “torcer” a Palavra de Deus, visando fazer com que esta diga o que, talvez, nunca se pretendeu dizer. Ao interpretar exegeticamente os ensinamentos transmitidos segundo a Tradição do texto inspirado, pode-se alcançar uma consciência nova e que permitirá um comportamento eficaz na luta contra tudo aquilo que possa representar o mal e a injustiça

This study falls within the area of the Bible in African Christianity, particularly ordinary readers' appropriation of and interpretation of the Bible. It seeks to explore, firstly, the processes of the encounter between the Bible and the indigenous people of Tanzania, specifically the Gogo in central region. Secondly, this thesis seeks to identify some interpretative resources and emerging interpretative practices that have continued into the present of ordinary readers of the Bible. This exploration is done by tracing the mission activities of the Church Missionary Society (CMS) in Tanzania, which began in 1844. The work of the Universities Mission to Central Africa (UMCA) is also examined, particularly the role it has played in making the Book "open" to the indigenous, through translation. Although there is continuity between past and present readings, this thesis demonstrates that ordinary readings are not static, they are dynamic; and over the years neo-indigenous interpretative moves have emerged which are a combination of both missionary and indigenous interpretative resources and methods. This reality is evident in the contemporary phenomenon of women and youths' songs in central Tanzania. These songs are creative interpretations of the Bible from an ordinary readers' perspective. There is a challenge to trained readers of the Bible to realise that biblical interpretation is not the preserve of the "professionals"; ordinary readers in the parishes, in cities, towns and villages, do interpret the Bible as well. To be relevant to the Tanzanian context, academic interpreters have to consciously take into account the resources and strategies of ordinary readers, which are demonstrated in their vernacular languages, oral narratives, religious experience, songs, proverbs and wise sayings. This will mean deeply understanding the local languages, Cigogo and others, listening to ordinary interpretations of the Bible, listening to the music and tunes of ordinary readers, as well as reading the vernacular Bible. Lastly, this study offers some suggestions for further research which, I hope, will bring refr study falls within the area of the Bible in African Christianity, particularly ordinary readers' appropriation of and interpretation of the Bible. It seeks to explore, firstly, the processes of the encounter between the Bible and the indigenous people of Tanzania, specifically the Gogo in central region. Secondly, this thesis seeks to identify some interpretative resources and emerging interpretative practices that have continued into the present of ordinary readers of the Bible. This exploration is done by tracing the mission activities of the Church Missionary Society (CMS) in Tanzania, which began in 1844. The work of the Universities Mission to Central Africa (UMCA) is also examined, particularly the role it has played in making the Book "open" to the indigenous, through translation. Although there is continuity between past and present readings, this thesis demonstrates that ordinary readings are not static, they are dynamic; and over the years neo-indigenous interpretative moves have emerged which are a combination of both missionary and indigenous interpretative resources and methods. This reality is evident in the contemporary phenomenon of women and youths' songs in central Tanzania. These songs are creative interpretations of the Bible from an ordinary readers' perspective. There is a challenge to trained readers of the Bible to realise that biblical interpretation is not the preserve of the "professionals"; ordinary readers in the parishes, in cities, towns and villages, do interpret the Bible as well. To be relevant to the Tanzanian context, academic interpreters have to consciously take into account the resources and strategies of ordinary readers, which are demonstrated in their vernacular languages, oral narratives, religious experience, songs, proverbs and wise sayings. This will mean deeply understanding the local languages, Cigogo and others, listening to ordinary interpretations of the Bible, listening to the music and tunes of ordinary readers, as well as reading the vernacular Bible. Lastly, this study offers some suggestions for further research which, I hope, will bring refreshment and renewal to Tanzanian African biblical and theological scholarship. / Thesis (M.Th.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.

Ce travail est présenté en trois parties : une édition critique du « Traité des quatre mariages » de Jeanne Chézard de Matel (Roanne 1596-Paris 1670), une analyse historico-Théologique du traité et une exploration des questions théologiques sur l’Incarnation soulevées dans ce traité qui donnent naissance à une spiritualité de l’Incarnation. Dans l’édition du texte sont présentés des recherches sur la vie de l’auteur (mystique lyonnaise, fondatrice de l’Ordre du Verbe Incarné et du Saint Sacrement), son milieu, ses sources, ses écrits et sa théologie, ainsi que des recherches sur l’histoire du traité (le manuscrit, la date de composition, le copiste, sa relation avec le « Traité des trois mariages » et les sources éventuelles de son contenu). La deuxième partie analyse le traité selon les deux thèmes de lecture biblique et de mariage spirituel. L’analyse se fait avec attention au contexte historique et aux sources, avec le but d’ouvrir une réflexion théologique sur les questions soulevées dans le traité. La troisième partie met en regard la pensée de Jeanne Chézard de Matel et la théologie contemporaine en prenant comme point commun l’expérience du lecteur actuel. L’étude explore les relations entre le temps et l’éternité et entre la Création, l’Incarnation et le Salut. Le travail aboutit à la présentation d’une spiritualité de l’Incarnation qui la comprend comme éternelle et salvatrice, une union d’amour qui lie les humains, l’un avec l’autre, et tous avec Dieu. / This work is presented in three parts: a critical edition of the “Treatise on the Four Marriages” of Jeanne Chézard de Matel (Roanne 1596 – Paris 1670), a historical-Theological analysis of the treatise, and an exploration of the theological questions on the Incarnation raised in this treatise, giving rise to an incarnational spirituality. The edition of the text presents research on the life of the author (a mystic from the region of Lyon, foundress of the Order of the Incarnate Word and Blessed Sacrament), her milieu, her sources, her writings, and her theology, as well as research on the history of the treatise (the manuscript, date of composition, copyist, relationship with the “Treatise on the Three Marriages”, and the sources of its content). The second part analyzes the treatise according to two themes: the reading of Scripture and spiritual marriage. The analysis, keeping in mind the treatise’s historical context and sources, seeks to open a theological reflection on the issues raised in the treatise. The third part puts Jeanne Chézard de Matel in dialogue with contemporary theologians, taking as a common point the current reader’s experience. The study explores the relationship between time and eternity and between Creation, Incarnation and Salvation. The work culminates with the presentation of a spirituality of the Incarnation, understood as an eternal and salvific union of love which binds all humans together with each other and with God.