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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
521

Techniky zavádění nasojejunálních sond / Nasojejunal tube placement techniques

Součková, Veronika January 2013 (has links)
Author's title and name: Bc. Veronika Součková Institute: Charles University, Prague 1. Faculty of medicine Kateřinská 32, 121 08, Prague 2 Study branch: follow-up Master's - intensive care Study programme: specialization in intensive care Title: Nasojejunal tube placement techniques Consultant: MUDr. František Novák, Ph.D. Number of pages: 81 Number of attachments: 3 Number of tables, grafs and pictures: 24 Year of presentation: 2013 Keywords: Nasojejunal tube, placement techniques, enteral nutrition, endoscopy, fluoroscopy, blind bedside technique This dissertation is dedicated to the issue and options in the field of nasojejunal tubes placement technique. Theoretical part aims at the description of methods and procedures of placing the nasojejunal tube and briefly mentions possible complications and principles of enteral nutrition, which is administrated by this method. Empirical part of the dissertation aims at the comparison of placement the nasojejunal tube using the blind bedside technique developed at intensive care unit in General University Hospital in Prague to, endoscopic and fluoroscopic methods. The research brings description and comparison of the most frequently used methods of placement the feeding tube into the small intestine.
522

Sensitivity analysis of blind separation of speech mixtures

Unknown Date (has links)
Blind source separation (BSS) refers to a class of methods by which multiple sensor signals are combined with the aim of estimating the original source signals. Independent component analysis (ICA) is one such method that effectively resolves static linear combinations of independent non-Gaussian distributions. We propose a method that can track variations in the mixing system by seeking a compromise between adaptive and block methods by using mini-batches. The resulting permutation indeterminacy is resolved based on the correlation continuity principle. Methods employing higher order cumulants in the separation criterion are susceptible to outliers in the finite sample case. We propose a robust method based on low-order non-integer moments by exploiting the Laplacian model of speech signals. We study separation methods for even (over)-determined linear convolutive mixtures in the frequency domain based on joint diagonalization of matrices employing time-varying second order statistics. We investigate the sources affecting the sensitivity of the solution under the finite sample case such as the set size, overlap amount and cross-spectrum estimation methods. / by Savaskan Bulek. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2010. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2010. Mode of access: World Wide Web.
523

Egalisation aveugle, application pour des canaux de transmission / Blind equalization, application for transmission channels

Moussa, Ali 15 December 2018 (has links)
Les travaux de cette thèse portent sur l'égalisation des canaux de transmission pour des modulations mono-porteuses et multi-porteuses. Dans le cadre de l'égalisation, nous nous intéressons, plus précisément, à l'égalisation aveugle. Tout d'abord, nous décrivons les différents éléments constituants une chaîne de communication, et les différents types de modulations mono-porteuses et muti-porteuses (OFDM). Ensuite, nous faisons un état de l'art sur les méthodes de l'égalisation aveugle pour une modulation mono-porteuse. Nous proposons par la suite un algorithme d'égalisation aveugle en présence de perturbations bornées. Ensuite, nous fournissons une analyse de stabilité et de convergence de l'algorithme proposé. Dans le cadre de la modulation multi-porteuse, nous présentons, dans un premier temps, un état de l'art sur les techniques d'égalisation aveugle pour le système OFDM. Ensuite, nous adaptons l'algorithme proposé pour le système OFDM pour des canaux à trajets multiples, en particulier les canaux Raleigh et Rice. Les performances de l'algorithme proposé sont illustrées à travers plusieurs exemples en simulation tout au long de la thèse. / The work of this thesis deals with the equalization of the transmission channels for a single-carrier and multi-carrier modulation. In the context of equalization, we focus precisely on the blind equalization. First, we give a description of various elements constituting a communication chain, a description of different types of single-carrier modulations and a description of a multi-carrier modulation (OFDM). Then, we give an overview of the blind equalization methods for a single-carrier modulation. We propose subsequently a blind equalization algorithm in the presence of a bounded perturbation. Next, we provide stability and convergence analysis of the proposed method. In the context of multi-carrier modulation, we first present an overview of the blind equalization techniques for the OFDM system. Next, we adapt the proposed method for the OFDM system under multipath channels, especially the Raleigh and the Rice channels. Performance of the proposed algorithm have been illustrated in simulation by considering many examples throughout this thesis.
524

Anestesia local no reparo do trauma perineal no parto normal: estudo comparativo da eficácia da solução anestésica com e sem vasoconstritor. / The use of local anesthesia in repairing the perineal trauma from spontaneous delivery: a comparative study on the effectiveness of the anesthetic solution with and without vasoconstrictors.

Colacioppo, Priscila Maria 10 May 2005 (has links)
No parto normal, o trauma provocado por episiotomia ou roturas, é freqüente e a anestesia local é bastante utilizada no reparo das lesões da região vulvoperineal. Na literatura especializada, os estudos sobre as soluções anestésicas mais adequadas são escassos para essa anestesia. No entanto existem recomendações para a adoção de anestésicos com vasoconstritor pela permanência mais prolongada da solução anestésica no local, garantindo maior ação e redução da concentração plasmática da droga, mas na prática seu uso é restrito. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a quantidade de anestésico necessária para inibir a dor durante a sutura do trauma perineal, em mulheres com episiotomia ou laceração espontânea de primeiro ou segundo graus, conforme o uso ou não de vasoconstritor na solução anestésica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa aleatorizada e controlada com mascaramento duplo, realizada no Centro de Parto Normal do Amparo Maternal na cidade de São Paulo. Foram incluídas 96 parturientes, alocadas em três blocos - laceração de primeiro grau, laceração de segundo grau e episiotomia. Em cada bloco, constituído por 32 mulheres, 16 receberam solução anestésica com vasoconstritor e 16 sem vasoconstritor. Os resultados mostraram que, na laceração de primeiro grau, a média de anestésico com vasoconstritor apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,002), com 1,0 ml (I.C. -1,6; -0,4) menos que a média do anestésico sem vasoconstritor; em 95% dos casos, foram usados de 1 a 2 ml de solução com vasoconstritor, e em 87,5% dos casos para o anestésico sem vasoconstritor, o volume usado variou de 2 a 4 ml. Para a laceração de segundo grau, a média do anestésico com vasoconstritor foi 3,7 ml (I.C. -5,8; -1,6) menos que a média do anestésico sem vasoconstritor, sendo estatisticamente significante (p=0,001); em 87,5% dos casos, a quantidade máxima de anestésico com vasoconstritor administrada foi 6 ml, e 81,3% das mulheres que receberam anestésico sem vasoconstritor, a dose administrada foi de 7 ml ou mais. Considerando a extensão da laceração, adotou-se o tamanho da episiotomia praticada nas mulheres do estudo, como parâmetro para classificar a extensão da laceração. Foram agrupadas como pequenas as lacerações de menor extensão, como médias aquelas com tamanho semelhante à episiotomia e como grandes aquelas cuja extensão superou o tamanho da episiotomia. Para a episiotomia, a média de anestésico com vasoconstritor foi 0,3 ml (I.C. -2,1; 1,5) a menos que a média do anestésico sem vasoconstritor, considerada sem significância estatística (p=0,724). Os resultados permitiram confirmar a hipótese de que uso de anestésico com vasoconstritor na anestesia local para a sutura de lacerações perineais no parto normal aumenta a eficácia da anestesia local. Embora o volume de anestésico utilizado na sutura de laceração de primeiro e segundo graus seja significativamente reduzido pela associação com vasoconstritor, a relevância clínica desse resultado deve ser considerada. / The perineal trauma, caused by episiotomy or ruptures, is quite frequent during the spontaneous delivery, being the local anesthesia widely utilized when repairing lesions in the vulvo-perineal region. Throughout the specialized literature, scarce are the studies on the most suitable anesthetic solutions for this kind of anesthesia. Even though there are recommendations for the adoption of the anesthetic with vasoconstrictor, because of the prolonged permanence of the anesthetic solution in the region, thus ensuring a bigger time of action, and because of the reduction in the plasmatic concentration of the drug, its utilization in practice is restricted. The goal of the study was to compare the necessary quantity of anesthetic to inhibit pain during the suture of the perineal trauma in women with an episiotomy or with first or second degree spontaneous lacerations, according to the use or not of vasoconstrictor in the anesthetic solution. This is a randomized and controlled research, with double blind trial, performed in the Birth Centre at Amparo Maternal, in the city of Sao Paulo. There were 96 parturients included in the study and then divided into three blocks: first degree laceration, second degree laceration and episiotomy. In each block, constituted of 32 women, 16 women were administered the anesthetic solution with vasoconstrictor and 16 with no vasoconstrictor. Results show that in the first degree laceration block the average of anesthetic with vasoconstrictor presented a statistically significant difference (p=0,002), with 1,0 ml (C.I. -1,6; -0,4) less than the average of the anesthetic without vasoconstrictor; in 95% of the cases, 1 to 2 ml of the solution with vasoconstrictor was utilized, while in 87,5% of the cases, the anesthetic without vasoconstrictor varied from 2 to 4 ml. In the second degree laceration block, the average of anesthetic solution with vasoconstrictor was 3,7 ml (C.I. -5,8; -1,6) less than the average of the anesthetic without vasoconstrictor, being statistically significant (p=0,001); in 87,5% of the cases, the maximum quantity of anesthetic with vasoconstrictor administered was 6 ml, while in 81,3% of the cases, women who were given the anesthetic without vasoconstrictor, received 7 ml or more. Considering the extent of the laceration, the size of the episiotomy practiced on the women of the study was adopted as a parameter to classify the extent of the laceration. The lacerations of a smaller extent were grouped as small-sized, the ones in which the size was similar to the size of the episiotomy were grouped as medium-sized, and as large-sized the ones that oversized the episiotomy. For the episiotomy, the average of anesthetic with vasoconstrictor was 0,3 ml (C.I. -2,1; 1,5) less than the average of the anesthetic without vasoconstrictor, with no statistic significance (p=0,724). Results allow us to confirm the hypothesis that the utilization of the anesthetic with vasoconstrictor in the local anesthesia during the suture of the perineal lacerations in the spontaneous delivery increases the effectiveness of the local anesthesia. Although the volume of anesthetic utilized in the suture of the first and second degree lacerations is significantly reduced by the association with vasoconstrictor, the clinical relevance of this result must be taken into further consideration.
525

O livro além do braille: aspectos relativos à edição e produção / -

Torre, Diana Gutierrez De La 18 November 2014 (has links)
Esta dissertação apresenta um panorama geral do livro e a leitura em braille no Brasil. Através, de um levantamento documental e bibliográfico, identifica e descreve as mudanças editorias que ocorreram ao longo da história, as políticas de acessibilidade e os paradigmas relativos à edição e produção de livros em braille. O foco da pesquisa recai na descrição e analise das escolhas editoriais da produção de livros braille, tanto: em grande escala, na Fundação Dorina Nowill, e em pequena escala (cópia única), na Biblioteca Louis Braille do Centro Cultural São Paulo. Não tem como objetivo discutir a qualidade e diferenças dos livros produzidos, mas descrever as etapas de ambas as rotinas editorias e as funções dos profissionais envolvidos. / This dissertation presents a general overview of the book and braille literature in Brazil. Through a biographical and documentary survey, it identifies and describes editorial changes that occurred throughout history, the politics surrounding accessibility and the paradigms related to the edition and production of braille books. The center of this investigation lays on the description and analysis of the editorial options in the production of Braille books, therefore: on a larger scale, in the Fundação Dorina Nowill para Cegos and on a lower scale (unique copy), in the Biblioteca Louis Braille of the Centro Cultural São Paulo. It is futile to argue the quality and the differences of the books produced, better yet, we must describe the phases of both editorial routines and the roles of the professionals involved.
526

A questão de Molyneux em Diderot / Molyneuxs question in Diderot

Adell, Edna Amaral de Andrade 25 March 2011 (has links)
O objetivo principal da presente dissertação é mostrar a brilhante solução dada por Diderot à questão de Molyneux que foi proposta à Locke por Molyneux e tinha o seguinte enunciado: um cego de nascença que aprendeu a identificar uma esfera e um cubo pelo tato, quando curado e puder enxergar, poderá distinguir estes objetos apenas pela visão? Esta questão leva a discussões filosóficas a respeito de percepções táteis e visuais. Ampliando a abordagem do problema podemos questionar outros pontos, tais como: 1) O cego que recupera a visão pode transferir para o domínio visual o conhecimento adquirido pelo tato?; 2) Pode este homem perceber a tridimensionalidade do espaço?; 3) A percepção do espaço é inata ou adquirida? Diderot vai além desta investigação e questiona: 1) Como o cego recém-operado relataria suas novas sensações?; 2) Por esta investigação específica não seria possível descobrir como o indivíduo adquire seu conhecimento do mundo?; 3) Pode-se afirmar que a moral e a religião dependem da percepção?; 4) Existe alguma relação entre a percepção e a linguagem?; 5) No caso desta relação de fato existir, quais são suas implicações epistemológicas? As considerações de Diderot sobre o tema encontram-se na Carta sobre os cegos para o uso dos que veem (1749). Nesta obra, o filósofo francês mostra como as nossas ideias dependem dos nossos sentidos e conduz um estudo muito interessante sobre a origem do conhecimento e de que maneira a falta de um dos cinco sentidos modifica as noções adquiridas com relação aos conceitos de visão, moralidade e a existência de Deus. Diderot empenha-se em compreender como a abstração de certas percepções pode conduzir um indivíduo a determinados conceitos. Ele retoma várias vezes o problema de Molyneux para analisar como o cego de nascença pode representar o espaço e em todas suas afirmações encontra a solução no conhecimento da geometria. O texto possui três momentos fundamentais. No primeiro, Diderot interroga o cego de nascença Puiseaux e relata como esse cego vive em seu mundo e como ele define objetos dos quais não pode possuir nenhum conhecimento sensível devido à falta de visão. Na segunda parte do texto, Diderot descreve como o matemático Saunderson, cego desde um ano de idade, adquiriu conhecimentos pelo tato como se não fosse privado da visão. Em seguida, Diderot atribui a Saunderson, em um diálogo com o reverendo Holmes, um discurso no qual especula os conceitos de Deus, do bem e do mal em um indivíduo privado de um dos sentidos. Dessa forma, ele mostra como nossas ideias concernentes à existência de Deus e à moral não são absolutas e sim relativas à nossa condição física e à conformação de nossos órgãos. No terceiro momento da Carta, Diderot expõe o problema de Molyneux e reponde à questão, comparando suas considerações com as de Locke e Condillac. / The main objective of this thesis is to show the brilliant solution given by Diderot to Molyneuxs question which was proposed to Locke by Molyneux. It said: a born blind man who learnt to identify a globe and a cube by his touch, when having his sight restored and being able to see, will he be able to distinguish these objects just looking at them? This question leads to philosophical discussions regarding to tactile and visual perceptions. Extending the approach to the problem we can ask other points, such as: 1) Can the blind man who recovers his sight transfer to the visual domain the knowledge acquired by touch?; 2) Can this man perceive the three dimensions of the space?; 3) The perception of space is innate or acquired? Diderot goes further and asks: 1) How would the new-sighted man present his new sensations?; 2) Through this scientific investigation, could it not be possible to discover how an individual acquires his knowledge of the world? ; 3) Can one say that moral and religion depend on perception?; 4) Is there any relation between perception and language?; 5) If this relation really exists, what are its epistemological implications? Diderots accounts on the subject can be found in the Letter on the blind (1749). In this text, the French philosopher shows how our ideas depend on our senses and he guides a very interesting study on the origin of knowledge and how the lack of one of our five senses can modify the acquired notions regarding to the concepts of sight, morality and the existence of God. Diderot strives to understand how the abstraction of some perceptions can lead the individual to certain concepts. He retakes Molyenuxs problem many times to analyse how the born blind man can represent the space and in all his assertions he finds out the solution for the problem in geometry. The text has three fundamental moments. In the first one, Diderot questions the born blind Puiseaux and reports how that blind man lives in his world and how he defines objects of which he cannot have any sensible knowledge due to his lack of vision. In the second part of the text, Diderot describes how the mathematician Saunderson, blind since one year old, acquired knowledge by touch as he was not deprived of sight. After that, Diderot attributes to Saunderson, in a dialogue with Reverend Holmes, a speech in which he speculates the concepts of God, of good and evil in an individual deprived of one of the senses Thus, he demonstrates how our ideas related to the existence of God and to the moral are not absolute, but relative to our physical condition and to the conformation of our organs. In the third moment of the Letter, Diderot exposes Molyneuxs problem and answers to the question, comparing his considerations to Lockes and Condillacs.
527

Desenvolvimento de conceitos em cegos congênitos : caminhos de aquisição do conhecimento / Developing concepts on congenital blind people

Nunes, Sylvia da Silveira 24 August 2004 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o desenvolvimento de conceitos por cegos. Participaram da pesquisa sete cegos congênitos de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 8 e 13 anos, que foram entrevistados a fim de elucidar os recursos e caminhos de que se utilizam na formação de conceitos. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas fases. Em um primeiro momento (Fase 1), foram apresentadas seis histórias elaboradas por Keil e adaptadas ao nosso meio, com o objetivo de investigar a utilização dos atributos definidores e característicos pelos participantes. Na Fase 2, foi solicitado aos participantes que definissem 15 conceitos, sub-divididos em concretos e abstratos. A análise dos resultados evidenciou que os cegos baseiam-se, na maioria das vezes, em atributos definidores para responderem as questões das histórias da Fase 1. Para analisar as respostas da Fase 2, 13 categorias foram criadas. As categorias que mais se destacaram pelo alto número de respostas foram: Atributos Físicos Não Tateáveis, Comportamento/Exemplo e Contexto. Outras seis categorias estiveram presentes em três grupos de conceitos, todos eles concretos: Atributos Físicos Sonoros, Atributos Físicos Tateáveis, Comparação com outros conceitos, Função, Sinônimo e Vivência. As outras quatro categorias – Localização, Instrumento, Forma de Aprendizagem Formal e Informal – referem-se exclusivamente aos conceitos concretos não tateáveis. Verificou-se que cada tipo de conceito envolve formas diferenciadas de definição e de utilização de recursos perceptivos. A presente pesquisa identificou alguns caminhos conceituais utilizados pelo cego congênito, evidenciando a multiplicidade de possibilidades de aquisição e expressão de conceitos. Foram discutidas implicações deste trabalho no processo de ensino/aprendizagem de cegos. / The purpose of this research was to investigate the development of concepts by blind children. The subjects were 7 congenital blind children, from both genders, between 8 and 13 years, who was interviewed in order to enlighten the resources and ways the use to develop their concepts. The research was divided in two stages. In the Phase I stories were told to them in order to analyze the uses of attributes that define concepts (defining and characteristics) by subjects. In Phase II, they were asked to define 15 concepts (concrete and abstract). The results showed that blind children use more frequently defining attributes to answer the questions asked in Phase I. The responses of Phase II were grouped in 13 categories. The categories which were frequently answered were: Physical Sound Attributes, Physical Touchable Attributes, Comparison with other Concepts, Function, Synonymous and Living Experiences. The other four categories - Placing, Instruments, Formal and Informal Learning - refer exclusively to not touchable concrete concepts. Each kind of concept showed different ways to be defined and different uses of perceptive resources. This research identified some conceptual ways used by the congenital blind, showing the multiplicity of possibilities to acquire concepts and their expressions. It was discussed some implications about this work in the teaching and learning process of the blind.
528

Complexity, the auditory system, and perceptual learning in naïve users of a visual-to-auditory sensory substitution device

Brown, David J. January 2015 (has links)
Sensory substitution devices are a non-invasive visual prostheses that use sound or touch to aid functioning in the blind. Algorithms informed by natural crossmodal correspondences convert and transmit sensory information attributed to an impaired modality back to the user via an unimpaired modality and utilise multisensory networks to activate visual areas of cortex. While behavioural success has been demonstrated in non-visual tasks suing SSDs how they utilise a metamodal brain, organised for function is still a question in research. While imaging studies have shown activation of visual cortex in trained users it is likely that naïve users rely on auditory characteristics of the output signal for functionality and that it is perceptual learning that facilitates crossmodal plasticity. In this thesis I investigated visual-to-auditory sensory substitution in naïve sighted users to assess whether signal complexity and processing in the auditory system facilitates and limits simple recognition tasks. In four experiments evaluating; signal complexity, object resolution, harmonic interference and information load I demonstrate above chance performance in naïve users in all tasks, an increase in generalized learning, limitations in recognition due to principles of auditory scene analysis and capacity limits that hinder performance. Results are looked at from both theoretical and applied perspectives with solutions designed to further inform theory on a multisensory perceptual brain and provide effective training to aid visual rehabilitation.
529

Análise instrumental de uma maquete tátil para a aprendizagem de probabilidade por alunos cegos / Instrumental analysis of a tactile-type model for learning probability of blind students

Vita, Aida Carvalho 13 April 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aida Carvalho Vita.pdf: 9489491 bytes, checksum: d0baf2b4a92f6c10897b773e1bf16394 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis aimed to identify the potential of didactic material (DM), the tactile-type model, for blind students' learning of basic concepts of Probability (bcP). The qualitative research investigated the design, construction and evaluation of MD and for this purpose we proceeded with the curricular adaptations necessary to meet the established objective. The theoretical framework was derived from cognitive ergonomics, particularly the Rabardel instrumental approach. The model was constructed as sequence from five prototypes (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5). Each followed the five steps of user-centred design (UCD) methodology. The relations among the four poles of the collective activities of instrumented situations (CAIS) model, adapted from Rabardel s model, were used as an instrumental analysis of each prototype's. There were poles of this model: blind student (S), tactile model (I), bcP (O) researchers/specialists (P). After conclusion of the analysis, M5 was validated as the (I) of this thesis for learning bcP by blind students. This, in turn, was composed of a board, two hundred and forty letters EVA terry and flat, seven hives, three hundred toys, a stroller, two plastic covers (terry and flat) to sort and tasks. The participants were four students with acquired blindness, one from Sao Paulo and three from Bahia. The investigation of the model's capability was based on the concept of usability, i.e. effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction, in accordance with Nielsen's design principles. The bcP were approached from the perspective of the probabilistic literacy model proposed by Gal to solve a sequence of tasks in the situation known as Jefferson's random walks. The model has the potential to be used as a DM in the educational environment, especially in learning bcP. It was considered to be an efficient tool for moulding curricular adaptations to meet the needs of blind students in solving tasks. It was also considered effective for presenting a configuration that allowed experienced students or beginners to develop similar strategies for solving the tasks, demonstrating skills and increasing speed of movement on the board and records in hives. The physical arrangement of the model, with its aesthetic and minimalist design, showed a level of usability adequate to meet the students' needs. Finally, the model proved to be an MD compatible with the physical characteristics of the students, who used touch to gather information and said they were satisfied with the model. Moreover, it seemed to be in accordance with the predetermined dimensions of efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction in terms of learning bcP. It enabled the students, for example, to demonstrate competence and proficiency in the random experiment and the construction of pictograms. Regarding limitations encountered, the MD did not allow students to act with autonomy during the experiment. To minimize this limitation, the researcher played the role of facilitator between the MD, the student and the bcP. It is hoped that this DM will contribute to inclusive education, even though its presence in the classroom does not guarantee by itself the learning of bcP / Esta tese teve como objetivo identificar a potencialidade de um material didático (MD), do tipo maquete tátil, para a aprendizagem de conceitos básicos de Probabilidade (cbP) por alunos cegos. A pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, investigou a concepção, construção e avaliação do MD e, para tal, procedeu com as adaptações necessárias para atender ao objetivo estabelecido. A fundamentação teórica utilizada adveio da Ergonomia Cognitiva, particularmente, da abordagem Instrumental de Rabardel. A maquete foi construída de forma sequenciada a partir de cinco protótipos (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5). Cada construção seguiu as cinco etapas da Metodologia do Design Centrado no Usuário (DCU). Foi utilizado a análise instrumental de cada protótipo as relações entre os quatro pólos do modelo das situações de atividades coletivas instrumentadas (S.A.C.I.), adaptado do modelo de Rabardel. Foram polos: aluno cego (S), maquete tátil (I), cbP (O), pesquisadores/especialistas (P). Após análise, o M5 foi validado como o I desta tese para a aprendizagem de cbP por alunos cegos. Este I, por sua vez, foi composto por: um tabuleiro, duzentos e quarenta cartas em EVA atoalhado e liso, sete colmeias ou artefatos de registro, trezentos brinquedos, um carrinho, duas tampas plásticas para sorteio e as tarefas. Participaram da pesquisa quatro alunos cegos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos, especificamente com cegueira adquirida, sendo um deles de São Paulo e três da Bahia. A potencialidade da maquete foi investigada a partir do conceito de usabilidade, ou seja, eficácia, eficiência e satisfação na perspectiva dos princípios de design de Nielsen. Os cbP foram abordados sob a ótica do modelo de letramento probabilístico proposto por Gal, na sequência de tarefas dentro da situação que denominamos Os passeios aleatórios do Jefferson. A maquete apresentou potencial para ser utilizada como MD no ambiente educacional, na aprendizagem de cbP. Ela foi considerada como eficiente por ser um instrumento facilmente moldável às adaptações curriculares para atender as necessidades dos alunos cegos na resolução das tarefas. Igualmente foi considerada eficaz por apresentar uma configuração que permitiu que alunos experientes ou inexperientes com maquetes desenvolvessem estratégias semelhantes na resolução das tarefas, demonstrando competência e ritmo crescente em seus movimentos sobre o tabuleiro e registros nas colmeias. O arranjo físico da maquete, com sua estética e design minimalista, apresentou um nível de usabilidade adequado para atender os alunos. Por fim, pode-se afirmar que a maquete se mostrou um MD coerente com as características físicas dos alunos que utilizam o tato para coletar as informações, os quais se disseram satisfeitos com sua utilização. Além disso, ela pareceu estar em conformidade com as dimensões pré-estabelecidas de forma eficiente, eficaz e satisfatória para a aprendizagem dos cbP, pois possibilitou aos alunos, por exemplo, demonstrar competência e proficiência no experimento aleatório e na construção de pictogramas. Entres as limitações, o MD não permitiu aos alunos agirem com autonomia durante o experimento. Para minimizar tal limitação, a pesquisadora desempenhou o papel de facilitadora entre o MD, o aluno e os cbP. Espera-se com este MD contribuir para o processo educacional inclusivo, ainda que se tenha consciência de que sua presença em sala de aula não garanta, por si só, a aprendizagem dos cbP
530

Implementing a real time computation and display algorithm for the Selspot System

Tetewsky, A. K January 1978 (has links)
Thesis. 1978. M.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaf 125. / by Avram K. Tetewsky. / M.S.

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