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11	中共對外使用武力之動態衝突抉擇模式：預防性動機分析 / Dynamic conflicts and decision-making model in Communist China's external use of force: An analysis of preventive motivations 黃鴻博 Unknown Date (has links) 中共對外使用武力是一個很複雜、龐大的研究議題。自中共建政以來，不僅和意識形態對立的美國發生嚴重的軍事衝突，亦和同屬社會主義陣營的蘇聯、越南爆發軍事衝突；除了涉及統一問題而爆發多次台海危機外，亦與第三世界大國印度爆發大規模邊境衝突。早期的研究通常從冷戰的角度出發，帶有明顯的工具性質，但囿於資料保密，使得研究成果難以突破，臆測性大於實證性，此窘境直至冷戰結束後始有轉變。有利於學術研究氛圍的主要因素有四點：一是前蘇聯、美國檔案的解密、部分中共檔案的開放、及少數智庫提供部分解密檔案，使得研究者可以取得重要的一手資料；二是關鍵人物之訪談與回憶錄的出版，可以補充檔案文獻的不足；三是中國崛起與中國威脅論成為國際關注焦點後，連帶地使得軍事議題浮上檯面，西方學界主要從權力結構及歷史的角度關注中國權力增長的意義，透過中共使用武力的分析，藉以預測未來是否出現權力轉移與中國在軍事上的應對方式；四是1995-96年台海危機的爆發，以及近期中共與越南、菲律賓及日本，因南海島礁與釣魚臺主權爭議問題而引發的衝突，使得有關中共對外使用武力的研究再度引起學界的關注。目前有關中共使用武力的研究範疇相當廣泛，少數研究採取多重案例研究，嘗試歸納出中共對外使用武力的模式、步驟、原則或特徵；多數的研究則針對單一案例研究，並聚焦於分析中共發動戰爭的原因。此外，學界開始從歷史文獻分析轉而採取理論分析與建構。凡此種種，皆提供了一個重新詮釋中共對外使用武力的視野。然而，現有的研究成果雖然相當豐碩，卻無法建立一個一般性的分析框架或理論性模式，並且忽略中共對外使用武力的預防性動機與其政策選擇之間的動態關係，因此無法完整地解釋中共對外使用武力行為。本文的研究目的並不是建立一個宏大的普遍理論，而是在一定的時空範疇內針對某一類現象建立一個合理、具有經驗性與理論性意涵的模式。換言之，即是借鑒相關國際關係、心理學及經濟學等相關理論的核心概念，並透過將中共對外使用武力的原因概念化過程，以預防性動機為主軸，提出一個「中共對外使用武力之動態衝突抉擇模式」，以解釋：中共較容易與何者發生軍事衝突、領導人在戰爭（衝突）前的認知、為何會使用武力、以及使用武力的決策選擇如何確立？並透過六個正例（1950年韓戰、1953-54年第一次台海危機、1962年中印邊境衝突、1969年珍寶島衝突、1979年懲越戰爭、1995-96年第三次台海危機）及一個反例（1999年「特殊國與國關係」）的多重案例檢驗，以回答上述的問題。本文的研究發現：一、中共的確比較容易與實力或意圖上具有潛在挑戰其周邊權力地位的國家發生軍事衝突。二、中共領導人在戰爭（衝突）前，的確有產生錯誤認知。三、中共是出於防止周邊權力地位衰退的預防性動機而對外使用武力。四、中共對外使用武力中，領導人對周邊權力地位衰退的程度與衰退的必然性之認知強弱，會影響其決策選擇。預防性戰爭韓戰台海危機中印邊境戰爭珍寶島衝突懲越戰爭特殊國與國關係 Preventive war Korean war Taiwan Strait crises Sino-Indian border war Treasure Island conflict Sino-Vietnamese War Special state-to-state relationship
12	The Cassinga Raid Alexander, Edward George McGill 31 July 2003 (has links) In 1978 the SADF carried out an airborne assault on Cassinga in Southern Angola. The South Africans claimed that Cassinga was a key SWAPO military headquarters, training camp and logistic base. SWAPO claimed it was a refugee camp and that the approximately 600 people who died in the attack were innocent civilians. The SADF said it had dealt SWAPO a significant military blow; SWAPO said the SADF had carried out a brutal massacre of old people, women and children. This dissertation focuses on the military dimensions of the raid, examining first the military situation in southern Angola and northern Namibia at the time, then looking at Cassinga itself before reviewing the airborne capability of the SADF, considering the decision that was made to launch the attack, describing the planning and preparations, the actual assault, a Cuban counter-attack and the extraction of the South African paratroopers. It concludes with the propaganda claims of both sides before assessing the military significance of the action. / History / M.A. Parachute operations Refugees Civilian massacre Insurgency Guerrilla warfare Border war Sun Tzu Breytenbach, Jan Hamaambo, Dimo Viljoen,Constand SADF SWAPO PLAN paratroopers Cassinga Raids Airborne assault Vertical envelopment 967.3041 SWAPO -- History Massacres -- Angola -- Cassinga Refugees -- Angola Refugees -- Namibia Cassinga (Angola) -- Massacre, 1978
13	Former SADF soldiers' experience of betrayal: a phenomenological study Olivier, Dawie 11 1900 (has links) Existing literature identify betrayal as one of the major challenges that former SADF soldiers face in the “new” South Africa, and identify a need for studying the nature and types of betrayal and the effects it has on relationships. This study aimed to describe and interpret former SADF soldier‟s lived experience by focusing on the psychology of betrayal. A cross-sectional qualitative research methodology was used, guided by an interpretive phenomenological approach. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews, and the data was analysed using Heidegger‟s hermeneutical principles. The identified themes are (1) in the belly of the beast, (2) different agendas, (3) volte-face, (4) keeping the score (5) and just carry on. The findings offer deeper insights and understanding into how former SADF soldiers experience betrayal and the impact it has on their everyday lives. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology) Betrayal Trust Phenomenology Lived experience Post-apartheid South African Border War Former SADF soldiers 305.906970968 Veterans--Mental health--South Africa Veterans--South Africa--Attitudes Betyrayal Psychological debriefing South Africa. Army--History--1961- Trust Phenomenology
14	The airborne concept in the South African military, 1960-2000 : strategy versus tactics in small wars Alexander, Edward George McGill January 2016 (has links) Text in English / Restricted files have not been uploaded / The thesis commences by elaborating on the concept of vertical envelopment as a form of military manoeuvre and defining airborne operations as comprising parachute, helicopter and air-landed actions. It goes on to describe strategy and tactics as they apply to the discussion before briefly tracing the development internationally of vertical envelopment and the thinking of the South African military about airborne operations during the Second World War. Events leading up to the decision by the South African military to acquire helicopters and to train paratroopers in 1960 are examined and the early operational employment of helicopters is analysed. The establishment of 1 Parachute Battalion is discussed in the light of the absence of a clear understanding of how it should be employed. Moving on to the commencement of the conflict known as the Southern African Thirty Year War, the issue of strategic versus tactical application of an airborne capability during operations in Namibia, Angola and Rhodesia is defined. Strategic application is then illustrated by specific independent airborne strikes, and the requirement for an airborne brigade to plan and conduct such operations is highlighted. The establishment of 44 Parachute Brigade and the difficulties experienced in its development are reviewed before scrutinising the tactical use of airborne forces in support of other ground forces. The high point in organisation and capability of the airborne forces of the South African Defence Force at the time of the ending of the Thirty Year War is appraised and the unfulfilled potential of the capability is elucidated. Faced with change and uncertainty, the employment of the paratroopers in urban operations during the height of the civil unrest is examined. This is followed by probing the response of the paratrooper organisation to severe budget cuts, enforced reorganisation and relocation, the ending of conscription and integration into the new South African National Defence Force following the country’s first democratic elections in 1994. The thesis concludes with an evaluation of the airborne actions during the incursion by South Africa into Lesotho in 1998 and an assessment of the implications of the loss of a strategic airborne capability. / History / D. Litt. et Phil. (History) Airborne operations Paratroopers Thirty Year War Border War Bush War Liberation struggle South African Defence Force SADF South African National Defence Force SANDF 1 Parachute Battalion 44 Parachute Brigade Vertical envelopment Helicopters Strategy Tactics Insurgency Counter-insurgency Namibia Angola Lesotho Rhodesia Constand Viljoen Jan Breytenbach Manoeuvre SWAPO Cubans MPLA FAPLA 358.40968 South Africa. Army -- Airborne troops
15	Former SADF soldiers' experience of betrayal: a phenomenological study Olivier, Dawie 11 1900 (has links) Existing literature identify betrayal as one of the major challenges that former SADF soldiers face in the “new” South Africa, and identify a need for studying the nature and types of betrayal and the effects it has on relationships. This study aimed to describe and interpret former SADF soldier‟s lived experience by focusing on the psychology of betrayal. A cross-sectional qualitative research methodology was used, guided by an interpretive phenomenological approach. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews, and the data was analysed using Heidegger‟s hermeneutical principles. The identified themes are (1) in the belly of the beast, (2) different agendas, (3) volte-face, (4) keeping the score (5) and just carry on. The findings offer deeper insights and understanding into how former SADF soldiers experience betrayal and the impact it has on their everyday lives. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology, with specialisation in Research Consultation) Betrayal Trust Phenomenology Lived experience Post-apartheid South African Border War Former SADF soldiers 305.906970968 Veterans--Mental health--South Africa Veterans--South Africa--Attitudes Betrayal Psychological debriefing South Africa. Army--History--1961- Trust Phenomenology

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