A leucose bovina enzoótica (LBE) é uma enfermidade causada por um retrovírus que possui duas manifestações distintas em animais adultos, o linfossarcoma multicêntrico dos adultos e a linfocitose persistente (LP). O linfossarcoma multicêntrico dos adultos é caracterizado pela apresentação de tumores em diversos órgãos em bovinos com idade superior a dois anos. O presente trabalhou analisou o histórico clínico e os achados patológicos de 30 casos de leucose bovina enzoótica, diagnosticados de um total de 845 bovinos necropsiados no Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, entre o período de janeiro de 1999 a janeiro de 2011. Todos os bovinos afetados eram fêmeas de aptidão leiteira, com idade entre três e nove anos, sendo 27 da raça Holândes (90,0%), dois de raça mista (6,3%) e um Jersey (3,7%). Os principais sinais clínicos apresentados pelos bovinos foram alterações locomotoras caracterizadas por paresia progressiva dos membros, perda de peso, aumento do volume de linfonodos superficiais e exoftalmia. As lesões macroscópicas observadas eram caracterizadas por massas neoplásicas, de coloração branco-amareladas, acinzentadas ou róseas, encontradas nos linfonodos, coração, sobre a meninge da medula espinhal, abomaso, intestinos e rins. A infiltração tumoral sobre a meninge da medula espinhal foi observada em 24 animais, sendo que a região lombar (20/24) e cauda equina (11/24) foram frequentemente afetadas. Ocasionalmente as massas também foram observadas na região cervical (6/24), próximo à intumescência, e na região torácica (2/24). No exame histológico essas massas tumorais eram formadas por infiltrado difuso de linfócitos neoplásicos, sendo apresentada na maioria dos casos como células pequenas não clivadas. A ocorrência de linfossarcoma com infiltração na medula espinhal deve ser considerada no diagnóstico de enfermidades que cursam com alterações locomotoras em bovinos adultos de aptidão leiteira. / The enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is a disease caused by a retrovirus that has two distinct manifestations in adult animals, the multicentric lymphosarcoma and persistent lymphocytosis in adults (LP). The multicentric lymphosarcoma in adults is characterized by the presentation of tumors in various organs in cattle older than two years. This study analyzed the clinical history and pathological findings in 30 cases of EBL, diagnosed a total of 845 cattle necropsied in the Setor de Patologia Veterinária of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, between the period January 1999 to January 2011. All affected cattle were dairy females, between three and nine years old, and 27 Holstein (90,0%), two cross breed (6,3%) and Jersey (3,7%). The main clinical signs shown by the cattle were changes, locomotor characterized by progressive paralysis of the limbs, weight loss, most prominently superficial lymph nodes and exophthalmus. The gross lesions were characterized by neoplasms masses, pale yellowish-white, grayish or pinkish, found in lymph nodes, heart, on the meninges of the spinal cord, abomasum, intestines and kidneys. The tumor infiltration on the meninges of the spinal cord was observed in 24 animals, and the lumbar (20/24) and cauda equina (11/24) were commonly affected. Occasionally, the masses were also observed in the cervical region (6/24), near the swelling, and in the thoracic region (2/24). In histological examination, these tumor masses were composed of diffuse infiltration of neoplastic lymphocytes, and in most cases presented as small noncleaved cells. The occurrence of lymphosarcoma infiltrating the spinal cord should be considered in the diagnosis of diseases which lead to changes in locomotor adult dairy cattle.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-06-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:59:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 machado_mf_me_botfmvz.pdf: 479281 bytes, checksum: 19ec0ec3db2b83948f6e0af2012d7f28 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Fatores de crescimento fibroblástico têm sido descritos como importantes reguladores locais do desenvolvimento folicular. Recentemente, foi relatada a expressão do FGF-8 e seus receptores, FGFR-3c e -4, em folículos antrais bovinos. O FGF-17 e o FGF-18 pertencem à subfamília do FGF-8 e ativam eficientemente o FGFR-3c e FGFR-4. Objetivando identificar outros FGFs capazes de ativar estes receptores, investigou-se (a) os padrões de expressão do FGF-17 e FGF-18 em folículos antrais bovinos; (b) a regulação da expressão do RNAm do FGF-17 pelo FSH e IGF-1 em células da granulosa; (c) a expressão do RNAm do FGF-17 em oócitos imaturos e maturados in vivo e in vitro, e (d) a expressão das proteínas FGF-17 e FGF-18 em folículos antrais bovinos. Amostras de células da teca e células da granulosa foram obtidas de ovários de vacas de abatedouro e o RNA total destas células foi extraído. As concentrações de estradiol (E2) e progesterona (P4) no fluido folicular foram mensuradas por Radioimunoensaio (RIA) e os folículos agrupados de acordo com a razão E2:P4 intrafoliculares (atrésicos; <0,01, transicionais; 1-0,01 e saudáveis; >1). “Pools” contendo 20 oócitos foram obtidos pela remoção das células do cumulus de complexos cumulus-oócito (CCOs) e o RNA total extraído. A expressão do FGF-17 e do FGF-18 foi investigada por RT-PCR em tempo real e normalizada pela expressão dos controles endógenos GAPDH, CYC-A ou Histona (H2a). Células da granulosa de folículos de 4 a 8 mm foram cultivadas em meio livre de soro fetal e tratadas com FSH (0; 0,1; 1; 10 ou 100 ng/mL) ou IGF-1 (0; 5; 10; 50; 100 ng/mL) para avaliar os efeitos dos tratamentos na expressão do RNAm do FGF-17. A presença das respectivas proteínas foi investigada por imunohistoquímica. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA ou testes não-paramétricos quando a distribuição não foi normal.A expressão do RNAm... / Fibroblast growth factors have been described as important local regulators of follicle development. FGF-8 and its receptors, FGFR-3c and FGFR-4, have already been reported in bovine antral follicle. Aiming to identify other FGFs capable to activate this receptors, we assessed (a) the spatial and temporal patterns of FGF-17 and FGF-18 gene expression in bovine antral follicles; (b) FGF-17 mRNA regulation by FSH and IGF-1 in cultured granulosa cells ; (c) FGF-17 mRNA expression in immature oocytes and in vivo and in vitro matured oocytes; and (d) FGF-17 and FGF-18 protein expression in bovine antral follicles. Theca and granulosa cells samples were obtained from abattoir ovaries for total RNA extraction. Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations were measured by RIA in the follicular fluid. Follicles were grouped according to health status based on the E2:P4 ratio (atretic: <0.01; transitional: 0.01-1; healthy: >1). Pools containing 20 oocytes were obtained by removing cumulus cells of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) and total RNA was extracted. FGF-17 and FGF-18 mRNA expression was examined by semiquantitative real time RT-PCR using GAPDH, CYC-A or histone H2a as controls. Granulosa cells from follicles (4-8 mm) were cultured in serum-free medium supplemented with FSH (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 ng/mL) or IGF-1 (0, 5, 10, 50, 100 ng/mL) to assess effects of treatments on FGF-17 mRNA expression. The presence of FGF-17 and FGF-18 proteins was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Data were analized by ANOVA or non-parametric analysis when not normally distributed. FGF-17 mRNA expression was detected predominantly in granulosa cells but also in theca cells, and was higher in atretic follicles. FGF-17 mRNA was also detected in immature oocytes, was reduced in in vivo matured oocytes and absent in in vitro matured oocytes. FSH and IGF-1 inhibited FGF-17 mRNA expression in cultured granulosa... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: José Buratini Júnior / Banca: Mayra Elena Ortiz D'Avila Assumpção / Banca: Guilherme de Paula Nogueira / Resumo: Fatores de crescimento fibroblástico têm sido descritos como importantes reguladores locais do desenvolvimento folicular. Recentemente, foi relatada a expressão do FGF-8 e seus receptores, FGFR-3c e -4, em folículos antrais bovinos. O FGF-17 e o FGF-18 pertencem à subfamília do FGF-8 e ativam eficientemente o FGFR-3c e FGFR-4. Objetivando identificar outros FGFs capazes de ativar estes receptores, investigou-se (a) os padrões de expressão do FGF-17 e FGF-18 em folículos antrais bovinos; (b) a regulação da expressão do RNAm do FGF-17 pelo FSH e IGF-1 em células da granulosa; (c) a expressão do RNAm do FGF-17 em oócitos imaturos e maturados in vivo e in vitro, e (d) a expressão das proteínas FGF-17 e FGF-18 em folículos antrais bovinos. Amostras de células da teca e células da granulosa foram obtidas de ovários de vacas de abatedouro e o RNA total destas células foi extraído. As concentrações de estradiol (E2) e progesterona (P4) no fluido folicular foram mensuradas por Radioimunoensaio (RIA) e os folículos agrupados de acordo com a razão E2:P4 intrafoliculares (atrésicos; <0,01, transicionais; 1-0,01 e saudáveis; >1). "Pools" contendo 20 oócitos foram obtidos pela remoção das células do cumulus de complexos cumulus-oócito (CCOs) e o RNA total extraído. A expressão do FGF-17 e do FGF-18 foi investigada por RT-PCR em tempo real e normalizada pela expressão dos controles endógenos GAPDH, CYC-A ou Histona (H2a). Células da granulosa de folículos de 4 a 8 mm foram cultivadas em meio livre de soro fetal e tratadas com FSH (0; 0,1; 1; 10 ou 100 ng/mL) ou IGF-1 (0; 5; 10; 50; 100 ng/mL) para avaliar os efeitos dos tratamentos na expressão do RNAm do FGF-17. A presença das respectivas proteínas foi investigada por imunohistoquímica. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA ou testes não-paramétricos quando a distribuição não foi normal.A expressão do RNAm... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Fibroblast growth factors have been described as important local regulators of follicle development. FGF-8 and its receptors, FGFR-3c and FGFR-4, have already been reported in bovine antral follicle. Aiming to identify other FGFs capable to activate this receptors, we assessed (a) the spatial and temporal patterns of FGF-17 and FGF-18 gene expression in bovine antral follicles; (b) FGF-17 mRNA regulation by FSH and IGF-1 in cultured granulosa cells ; (c) FGF-17 mRNA expression in immature oocytes and in vivo and in vitro matured oocytes; and (d) FGF-17 and FGF-18 protein expression in bovine antral follicles. Theca and granulosa cells samples were obtained from abattoir ovaries for total RNA extraction. Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations were measured by RIA in the follicular fluid. Follicles were grouped according to health status based on the E2:P4 ratio (atretic: <0.01; transitional: 0.01-1; healthy: >1). Pools containing 20 oocytes were obtained by removing cumulus cells of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) and total RNA was extracted. FGF-17 and FGF-18 mRNA expression was examined by semiquantitative real time RT-PCR using GAPDH, CYC-A or histone H2a as controls. Granulosa cells from follicles (4-8 mm) were cultured in serum-free medium supplemented with FSH (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 ng/mL) or IGF-1 (0, 5, 10, 50, 100 ng/mL) to assess effects of treatments on FGF-17 mRNA expression. The presence of FGF-17 and FGF-18 proteins was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Data were analized by ANOVA or non-parametric analysis when not normally distributed. FGF-17 mRNA expression was detected predominantly in granulosa cells but also in theca cells, and was higher in atretic follicles. FGF-17 mRNA was also detected in immature oocytes, was reduced in in vivo matured oocytes and absent in in vitro matured oocytes. FSH and IGF-1 inhibited FGF-17 mRNA expression in cultured granulosa... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

A leucose bovina enzoótica (LBE) é uma enfermidade causada por um retrovírus que possui duas manifestações distintas em animais adultos, o linfossarcoma multicêntrico dos adultos e a linfocitose persistente (LP). O linfossarcoma multicêntrico dos adultos é caracterizado pela apresentação de tumores em diversos órgãos em bovinos com idade superior a dois anos. O presente trabalhou analisou o histórico clínico e os achados patológicos de 30 casos de leucose bovina enzoótica, diagnosticados de um total de 845 bovinos necropsiados no Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, entre o período de janeiro de 1999 a janeiro de 2011. Todos os bovinos afetados eram fêmeas de aptidão leiteira, com idade entre três e nove anos, sendo 27 da raça Holândes (90,0%), dois de raça mista (6,3%) e um Jersey (3,7%). Os principais sinais clínicos apresentados pelos bovinos foram alterações locomotoras caracterizadas por paresia progressiva dos membros, perda de peso, aumento do volume de linfonodos superficiais e exoftalmia. As lesões macroscópicas observadas eram caracterizadas por massas neoplásicas, de coloração branco-amareladas, acinzentadas ou róseas, encontradas nos linfonodos, coração, sobre a meninge da medula espinhal, abomaso, intestinos e rins. A infiltração tumoral sobre a meninge da medula espinhal foi observada em 24 animais, sendo que a região lombar (20/24) e cauda equina (11/24) foram frequentemente afetadas. Ocasionalmente as massas também foram observadas na região cervical (6/24), próximo à intumescência, e na região torácica (2/24). No exame histológico essas massas tumorais eram formadas por infiltrado difuso de linfócitos neoplásicos, sendo apresentada na maioria dos casos como células pequenas não clivadas. A ocorrência de linfossarcoma com infiltração na medula espinhal deve ser considerada no diagnóstico de enfermidades que cursam com alterações locomotoras em bovinos adultos de aptidão leiteira. / The enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is a disease caused by a retrovirus that has two distinct manifestations in adult animals, the multicentric lymphosarcoma and persistent lymphocytosis in adults (LP). The multicentric lymphosarcoma in adults is characterized by the presentation of tumors in various organs in cattle older than two years. This study analyzed the clinical history and pathological findings in 30 cases of EBL, diagnosed a total of 845 cattle necropsied in the Setor de Patologia Veterinária of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, between the period January 1999 to January 2011. All affected cattle were dairy females, between three and nine years old, and 27 Holstein (90,0%), two cross breed (6,3%) and Jersey (3,7%). The main clinical signs shown by the cattle were changes, locomotor characterized by progressive paralysis of the limbs, weight loss, most prominently superficial lymph nodes and exophthalmus. The gross lesions were characterized by neoplasms masses, pale yellowish-white, grayish or pinkish, found in lymph nodes, heart, on the meninges of the spinal cord, abomasum, intestines and kidneys. The tumor infiltration on the meninges of the spinal cord was observed in 24 animals, and the lumbar (20/24) and cauda equina (11/24) were commonly affected. Occasionally, the masses were also observed in the cervical region (6/24), near the swelling, and in the thoracic region (2/24). In histological examination, these tumor masses were composed of diffuse infiltration of neoplastic lymphocytes, and in most cases presented as small noncleaved cells. The occurrence of lymphosarcoma infiltrating the spinal cord should be considered in the diagnosis of diseases which lead to changes in locomotor adult dairy cattle.

Master of Science in Biomedical Sciences / Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology / Alison P. Adams / Salmonella contamination of meat is a leading cause of foodborne illness around the world. Nontyphoidal Salmonella are responsible for an estimated 94 million infections and 155,000 deaths worldwide each year. Of these infections, 86% are estimated to be foodborne. Infection of dairy and beef cattle can lead to contamination of milk and milk products as well as processed beef. Once cattle are infected, Salmonella can be found in many organs of the animals. Peripheral lymph node infections are of particular interest, because these lymph nodes along with hides are the main culprits of meat contamination during processing. Vaccination of production food animals is one of several strategies of prevention and control of Salmonella infections and outbreaks. Vaccination is becoming even more important with the reduction of prophylactic antibiotic use that is driven by an increase in antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from a variety of food production animals. There are limited commercially available vaccines for cattle that have shown effectiveness, but great strides are being made in this area of research. The vast number of Salmonella serovars with differences in vital virulence factors capable of infecting cattle makes developing vaccines that are cross protective very difficult. This report discusses the known virulence factors of Salmonella, the disease symptoms of bovine salmonellosis, prevention and control strategies, and the development of new vaccines.

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[No abstract submitted] / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate