Thesis (M.S.)--Springfield College, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-01-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:53:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 teixeirasobrinho_m_me_botfm.pdf: 397634 bytes, checksum: db0b32684c22b1c165a93ed7c5a3e2fe (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A freqüência dos procedimentos cirúrgicos aumentou progressivamente nas últimas décadas, entre elas a revascularização do miocárdio (RM). As doenças cardiovasculares degenerativas são as principais causas de mortalidade, mas com os avanços nas técnicas cirúrgicas, circulação extracorpórea (CEC), técnicas para proteção do miocárdio, anestesia e cuidados intensivos no pós-operatório, fisioterapia no préoperatório e pós-operatório, houve diminuição da morbimortalidade. A fisioterapia respiratória é freqüentemente utilizada na prevenção e tratamento de tais complicações, podendo ser iniciada no pré-operatório de forma a avaliar, orientar e tratar os pacientes. Demonstrar a importância da atuação da fisioterapia no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, em relação à redução do tempo de internação hospitalar, alteração de volumes pulmonares e força muscular respiratória. Comparar essas variáveis entre o grupo controle e o grupo intervenção. Foi realizado um estudo clínico prospectivo, com pacientes submetidos à RM, na enfermaria de Cárdio-Tórax, do Hospital das Clínicas da UNESP / Botucatu – SP. Foram avaliados 70 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, com faixa etária entre 40 a 75 anos, que realizaram RM com CEC, subdivididos em dois grupos: GRUPO I - 35 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, que receberam um protocolo de orientação por escrito, exercícios respiratórios e treinamento muscular respiratório com Threshold - IMT®, no pré-operatório e GRUPO II - 35 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, que receberam apenas orientação de rotina da enfermaria no dia da cirurgia, não tendo realizado exercícios respiratórios no pré-operatório. Trabalho aprovado pelo comitê de ética da UNESP / Botucatu – SP. Para a análise dos... / The frequency of surgical procedures has increased steadily in recent decades, including the myocardium revascularization (MR). The degenerative cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality, but with advances in surgical techniques, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for myocardial protection techniques, anesthesia and intensive care after surgery, physical therapy preoperatively and postoperatively, decreased morbidity and mortality. Respiratory therapy is often used to prevent and treat these complications, can be started preoperatively to assess, advise and treat patients. To demonstrate the importance of physiotherapy in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery in relation to the reduction of hospital stay, changes in lung volumes and respiratory muscle strength. Compare these variables between the control and intervention group. We conducted a prospective clinical study with patients undergoing CABG, the Cardio- Thoracic ward of the Hospital of UNESP / Botucatu - SP. We evaluated 70 patients of both genders, aged between 40 and 75, who performed CABG with CPB, divided into two groups: group I - 35 patients of both genders, who received a written protocol guidance, breathing exercises and respiratory muscle training in Threshold - IMT ®, preoperatively and group II - 35 patients of both genders, who received only orientation of the ward on the day of surgery, not having done breathing exercises before surgery. Approved by the Ethics Committee of UNESP / Botucatu - SP. For the analysis of the results was used the Wilcoxon, Goldman, t test, nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Friedman two independent samples, set at 5% significance level. We observed in relation to the MIP 5PO 3PO and there was significant difference between groups, being better for the intervention group, however the value... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Marcos Augusto Moraes Silva / Banca: Giulliano Gardenghi / Banca: Alfredo José Rodrigues / Resumo: A freqüência dos procedimentos cirúrgicos aumentou progressivamente nas últimas décadas, entre elas a revascularização do miocárdio (RM). As doenças cardiovasculares degenerativas são as principais causas de mortalidade, mas com os avanços nas técnicas cirúrgicas, circulação extracorpórea (CEC), técnicas para proteção do miocárdio, anestesia e cuidados intensivos no pós-operatório, fisioterapia no préoperatório e pós-operatório, houve diminuição da morbimortalidade. A fisioterapia respiratória é freqüentemente utilizada na prevenção e tratamento de tais complicações, podendo ser iniciada no pré-operatório de forma a avaliar, orientar e tratar os pacientes. Demonstrar a importância da atuação da fisioterapia no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, em relação à redução do tempo de internação hospitalar, alteração de volumes pulmonares e força muscular respiratória. Comparar essas variáveis entre o grupo controle e o grupo intervenção. Foi realizado um estudo clínico prospectivo, com pacientes submetidos à RM, na enfermaria de Cárdio-Tórax, do Hospital das Clínicas da UNESP / Botucatu - SP. Foram avaliados 70 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, com faixa etária entre 40 a 75 anos, que realizaram RM com CEC, subdivididos em dois grupos: GRUPO I - 35 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, que receberam um protocolo de orientação por escrito, exercícios respiratórios e treinamento muscular respiratório com Threshold - IMT®, no pré-operatório e GRUPO II - 35 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, que receberam apenas orientação de rotina da enfermaria no dia da cirurgia, não tendo realizado exercícios respiratórios no pré-operatório. Trabalho aprovado pelo comitê de ética da UNESP / Botucatu - SP. Para a análise dos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The frequency of surgical procedures has increased steadily in recent decades, including the myocardium revascularization (MR). The degenerative cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality, but with advances in surgical techniques, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for myocardial protection techniques, anesthesia and intensive care after surgery, physical therapy preoperatively and postoperatively, decreased morbidity and mortality. Respiratory therapy is often used to prevent and treat these complications, can be started preoperatively to assess, advise and treat patients. To demonstrate the importance of physiotherapy in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery in relation to the reduction of hospital stay, changes in lung volumes and respiratory muscle strength. Compare these variables between the control and intervention group. We conducted a prospective clinical study with patients undergoing CABG, the Cardio- Thoracic ward of the Hospital of UNESP / Botucatu - SP. We evaluated 70 patients of both genders, aged between 40 and 75, who performed CABG with CPB, divided into two groups: group I - 35 patients of both genders, who received a written protocol guidance, breathing exercises and respiratory muscle training in Threshold - IMT ®, preoperatively and group II - 35 patients of both genders, who received only orientation of the ward on the day of surgery, not having done breathing exercises before surgery. Approved by the Ethics Committee of UNESP / Botucatu - SP. For the analysis of the results was used the Wilcoxon, Goldman, t test, nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Friedman two independent samples, set at 5% significance level. We observed in relation to the MIP 5PO 3PO and there was significant difference between groups, being better for the intervention group, however the value... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

INTRODUÇÃO: A asma pode ter início em qualquer idade sendo que sua prevalência em idosos pouco difere dos grupos de menor idade. O subdiagnóstico da asma no idoso é refletido na observação de que aproximadamente 60% do total de mortes relacionadas à asma ocorrem em pessoas com 65 anos ou mais, sendo de igual importância a observação de que a função pulmonar diminuída, associada à obstrução das vias aéreas reduz a qualidade de vida dessa população. Sabe-se que devido à broncoconstrição das vias aéreas e conseqüente hiperinsuflação pulmonar, os asmáticos apresentam os músculos inspiratórios em posição de desvantagem mecânica, o que contribui para agravamento do quadro clínico do paciente. No intuito de auxiliar no tratamento da asma e melhorar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes, estudos sobre fisioterapia respiratória, e diferentes técnicas respiratórias têm sido feitos. Porém, até o momento não havia estudos sobre exercícios respiratórios sem o uso de aparelhos realizados com idosos asmáticos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos de um programa de exercícios respiratórios (sem aparelho) para idosos asmáticos. MÉTODOS: foram selecionados 24 de 132 pacientes do PRONTMED (Prontuário Eletrônico do Serviço de Imunologia Clínica e Alergia do HCFMUSP), com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, com diagnóstico de asma moderada ou grave. Dos pacientes selecionados, 21 iniciaram o programa e 14 freqüentaram regularmente e concluíram o programa de exercícios respiratórios. Antes do início do programa todos os pacientes foram avaliados com relação à função pulmonar, força da musculatura respiratória, capacidade aeróbia, qualidade de vida, e quadro clínico. Devido à pequena amostra, os pacientes foram controles deles mesmos. Após oito semanas de exercícios, e ao término do programa, todas as avaliações foram refeitas, e após um mês do término do programa, as avaliações mais uma vez foram refeitas. Durante o estudo os pacientes preenchiam diariamente um diário de sintomas da asma. RESULTADOS: após as 16 semanas de intervenção não observamos alterações significativas nas variáveis pulmonares, porém observamos aumentos significativos nas pressões inspiratórias (Pimáx) e expiratórias máximas (Pemáx), 27,6% e 20,54% respectivamente, que refletem a força da musculatura respiratória. Com relação à qualidade de vida verificamos melhoras significativas. As avaliações clínicas, juntamente com os diários de sintomas, indicaram melhoras significativas devido à redução da sintomatologia respiratória. Porém, após um mês sem os exercícios respiratórios, observamos que ocorreu o que é definido pela literatura como destreinamento: observamos diminuição de 21,4% na Pimáx e de 37,33% na Pemáx, que parecem ter refletido no quadro clínico, nos diários de sintomas e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Pois, observamos regressão nas melhoras anteriormente verificadas nessas variáveis. Logo, apesar de ter ocorrido o destreinamento, que é algo comum ao treinamento físico, quando este é reduzido ou interrompido, podemos inferir que o presente estudo de exercícios respiratórios contribuiu para aumento da força da musculatura respiratória e que esse aumento refletiu positivamente tanto no quadro clínico quanto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, de modo que o mesmo poderia ser utilizado como um coadjuvante ao tratamento clínico-medicamentoso de pacientes idosos asmáticos. / INTRODUCTION: People can develop asthma at any given age, and asthma prevalence in older adults is no different than that observed in younger people. Asthma in older adults is frequently underdiagnosed, and this is reflected in the fact that approximately 60% of people who die from asthma have surpassed the age of 65. Equally important is the fact that reduced lung function and airway obstruction have a negative impact on the quality of life for this population. In asthmatic patients, bronchoconstriction and consequent lung hyperinflation, leave the inspiratory muscles in a position of mechanical disadvantage, and thus, contribute to the exacerbation of the clinical presentation. A number of studies on respiratory physiotherapy and different breathing techniques have been performed in order to help asthma treatment and to improve the patients quality of life. Nevertheless, so far, we are not aware of any reports regarding breathing exercises without breathing equipment in older adults with asthma. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effects of a respiratory exercise program (without breathing equipment) tailored for elderly people. METHODS: Out of 132 patients listed in the PRONTMED (electronic filing system of the Clinical Immunology and Allergy Division of HCFMUSP), we selected 24 patients, aged 60 or greater, with a diagnosis of moderate or severe asthma. Out of the 24 patients, 21 started the program and 14 participated regularly and concluded the respiratory exercise program. Prior to the start of the program all patients were evaluated with regard to lung function, respiratory muscle strength, aerobic capacity, quality of life and clinical presentation. Due to the small sample size, patients were their own controls. At the end of a 16-week-exercise program all evaluations were repeated. During the study period, patients were requested to keep a diary and record symptoms every day. RESULTS: After 16 weeks of interventions, we did not observe significant changes in pulmonary lung function tests. However, we observed significant increases in maximum inspiratory pressure (Pimax) and maximum expiratory pressure (Pemax) (27.6 % and 20.54 % respectively), which are associated with respiratory muscle strength. In regards to quality of life, we observed considerable improvements. Clinical evaluations and the daily-recorded symptoms diary indicate significant improvements and fewer respiratory symptoms. Yet, a month after exercise interruption, we observed detraining, with reduction of Pimax (21.4 %) and Pemax (37.33 %). Detraining had a negative impact on clinical presentation, recording of symptoms, and patient quality of life, parameters that had previously improved with training. Despite the occurrence of detraining, which is common after reduction or interruption of exercise, we conclude that a respiratory exercise program increased muscle strength, which in turn had a positive effect on patient clinical presentation and quality of life. Therefore, a respiratory training program could be associated with the medical and clinical therapeutic approach of older adults with asthma.

Swimmers depend on accessory breathing muscles for adequate ventilation. Pectoralis minor is an accessory breathing muscle. The daily repetition of gleno-humeral flexion and medial rotation results in adaptive shortening of Pectoralis, a common phenomenon in competitive swimmers. If Pectoralis minor is shortened the scapula is in an anteriorly tipped position. This anteriorly tipped position will affect scapula kinematics as well as the strength of Pectoralis minor to function as an accessory breathing muscle. One of the risk factors contributing to shoulder dysfunction in competitive swimmers is an altered scapular position. The study aimed to determine if lateral costal breathing dissociation exercises in conjunction with scapular retraining exercises had an effect on the position of the scapula in competitive swimmers. A comparative parallel group longitudinal design was used in this study. During a six week supervised intervention period the intervention group (n=28) and control group (n=30) did retraining of the scapula stabilisers and stretching of Pectoralis minor. The intervention group did breathing dissociation exercises to facilitate lateral costal breathing. No specific breathing exercises were facilitated within the control group. Pectoralis minor length and thoracic expansion had been measured. The function of the scapula stabilisers was evaluated. The resting as well as dynamic scapula positions were evaluated. Evaluations were done at baseline, six weeks and five months post intervention. Treatment groups were compared with respect to change from baseline to six weeks and baseline to five months in PMI, FVC and thoracic expansion utilizing analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with covariates baseline reading. The intervention group showed an increase in the Pectoralis minor Index (PMI) of 0.5 (left & right) and the control group reflected an increase of 0.5 (left) and 0.7 (right). The intervention group reflected continuous improvement in PMI and the control group showed deterioration. In addition to the PMI upper thoracic, expansion decreased and lower thoracic expansion increased in the intervention group. The control group showed a decrease in upper and lower thoracic expansion. Groups were compared with respect to change from baseline to six weeks and five months respectively for categorical parameters, muscle function and scapula position (resting and dynamic) using Fisher’s exact test. After six weeks the intervention group showed significantly (p<0.04) less winging of the distal third of the scapula on the left side when compared to the control group. After five months the scapula showed significantly less tipping (p<0.02) during gleno-humeral flexion, on the left side. The McNemar test for symmetry had been applied to determine if any within group changes occurred. Within the intervention group ten of the thirteen markers used to determine the resting position of the scapula, reflected significant improvement compared to the six markers in the control group. Only the intervention group reflected remarkable improvement in function of the lower fibres of Trapezius muscle. Serratus anterior and middle fibres of Trapezius muscles showed significance within group improvement in function for both groups. The scapula showed significantly less dysrhythmia within the intervention group on the left and right sides (p< 0.0209) when compared to the control group. After five months the resting scapula position reflected deterioration for both groups. Dysrhythmia and winging of the scapula deteriorated from six weeks to five months for both groups. The muscle function of the lower fibres of Trapezius showed significance within group changes for both groups from six weeks to five months. The ability to contract Serratus anterior and the middle fibres of Trapezius agonistically was maintained from six weeks to five months. However the eccentric control and ability to contract the muscle without fatigue within the Serratus anterior and middle fibres of Trapezius showed deterioration from six weeks to five months for both groups. Conclusion: The increase in PMI and increase in lower thoracic expansion for the intervention group could favour swimmers to breathe more effectively. An increase in Pectoralis minor length resulted in a more posteriorly tipped scapula. This better positioned scapula promotes optimum function of the lower fibres of Trapezius. Contracting from a stable scapula, Pectoralis minor can fulfil its function as an accessory breathing muscle more effectively. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015. / tm2015 / Physiotherapy / PhD / Unrestricted

An optimal and feedback control routines were developed in this thesis to control simulations of a respiratory system with a muscle and lung compartments. The optimal model was used to find the alveolar ventilation and the Van der Pol constants (𝛼, 𝜔, and 𝛆) that could be used in the body during the steady-state of exercise for each workload. Then, the feedback control model was used to simulate the transient exercise states. The alveolar ventilation was calculated in the feedback control model using a proportional (mean) and a derivative (rate) control. Then, the Van der Pol constants were found from the alveolar ventilation found in the optimal routine. In addition, simulations were done in the steady-state for 3 %, 5 %, and 6 % carbon dioxide inhalation. Once the controller constants had been found, the transient-state of the feedback model showed great promise as the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide did not become more than 3.8 % greater then the value that is maintained in the body. The carbon dioxide inhalation tests came within 3 % of the experimental values given by Reynolds (1972). The results from this thesis show that using a Van der Pol oscillator as the breather in the model seems to keep the partial pressure of arterial CO₂ around the value that is maintained in the body for aerobic exercise and CO₂ inhalation. / Master of Science

Su kvėpavimu yra susiję daug organizmo fiziologinių sistemų, ypač širdies ir kraujagyslių sistema. Įvairūs kvėpavimo pratimai yra plačiai taikomi tiek sporte, tiek reabilitacijoje kaip veiksnys veikiantis į organizmo funkcinę būklę. Todėl įdomi ir aktuali yra mokslinė problema, ar specialiai taikomi kvėpavimo pratimai turi įtakos širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos funkciniams rodikliams ir jų kaitai fizinių krūvių metu. Tyrimo objektas – širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos funkciniai rodikliai ir ypatybės atliekant kvėpavimo pratimus. Hipotezė: manome, kad specialiai taikomi kvėpavimo pratimai turi teigiamos įtakos širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos funkciniams rodikliams ir jų kaitai atliekant fizinius pratimus. Darbo tikslas: nustatyti širdies susitraukimo dažnio kaitos ypatybes atliekant kvėpavimo pratimą, jungiantį hiperventiliaciją ir kvėpavimo sulaikymus. Uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti ŠSD ir elektrokardiogramos intervalų JT ir RR santykio kaitos ypatybes aktyvios hiperventiliacijos ir kvėpavimo sulaikymų metu. 2. Nustatyti ar kinta širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos funkcinės būklės rodiklių pasikeitimo laipsnis reaguojant į pakartotinas hiperventiliacijas ir kvėpavimo sulaikymus. 3. Nustatyti nuovargio įtaką ŠKS funkcinės būklės rodiklių kaitai atliekant kvėpavimo pratimą jungiantį hiperventiliaciją ir kvėpavimo sulaikymus. Tyrimo metodai ir organizavimas: 1. Elektrokardiografija; 2. Arterinio kraujo spaudimo matavimas; 3. Fizinio krūvio mėginiai. Tyrimas atliktas LSU... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Breathing is related to many physiological systems, especially the cardiovascular system. Various breathing exercises are widely used both in sports and rehabilitation as a factor, acting on the body's functional status. It is therefore interesting and relevant to the scientific problem whether specific breathing exercises influence cardiovascular functional parameters and their changes during exercise. The object of investigation - cardiovascular functional state indicators and features of the breathing exercises. Aim: To identify the changing features in heart rate during breathing exercise that connects hyperventilation and respiratory detentions. Objectives: 1. To identify heart rate and the changing features of electrocardiogram intervals JT and RR ratio during active hyperventilation and breath holding. 2. To identify whether the cardiovascular functional state indicators changes in response to repeated hyperventilation and respiratory detentions. 3. To identify the fatigue influence on cardiovascular functional state indicators during breathing exercises that connects hyperventilation and breathing detentions. Hypothesis: We believe that specific breathing exercises have a positive effect on cardiovascular functional parameters and their changes during exercise. The methods: 1. Electrocardiography; 2. Arterial blood pressure measurement; 3. Exercise test. Organization of the research: The research was conducted in LSU kinesiology lab in 2012-2014. Participated eight... [to full text]

Title: Tibetan curing system of Kum Nye and the possibilities of its application Objectives: The aim of this work is to present a comprehensive view of the Tibetan healing system called Kum Nye. The first part introduces Buddhism as the general basis of Kum Nye, some other basic spiritual principles, the historical background of Kum Nye, and the relationships between these three bases of Kum Nye. The aim of the second part is to explain the therapeutic effect of the system and to present ways of its practice, which are specially modified for the mentality and the way of life of Western society by the Tibetan lama Targhang Tulku. This part is enriched by the author's personal experience from a course of Kum Nye. The concluding part of the work sums up the salient aspects of Kum Nye, presents possibilities for its use, critically evaluates the therapeutic effects and limitations of the system, and makes suggestions for further research. Keywords: Buddhism, breathing exercises, emotions, Kum Nye, stress

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-11-27T17:07:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Aíla.pdf: 9853381 bytes, checksum: 2f057088f4fd20c386228011f9af7aa4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-27T17:07:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aíla.pdf: 9853381 bytes, checksum: 2f057088f4fd20c386228011f9af7aa4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-07 / CAPES. / Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a gradual onset disease in which the individual becomes subject to dialysis, defined by structural abnormalities of the kidneys that can lead to a reduction in renal function, diagnosed by a glomerular filtration of less than 60 ml/min /1.73 m2 for a period of three months or more. Hemodialysis (HD) is the most used treatment, being responsible for extracorporeal blood filtration. In the muscular system, the most affected by muscular atrophy would be the respiratory system. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. More than 50% of all deaths occurring in renal patients are due to cardiovascular events. With the dysfunctional autonomic nervous system (ANS), there is a reduction in heart rate variability (HRV) and the development of complex arrhythmias. The multiple limitations and complications of CKD have a negative impact on the quality of life of these patients.Objective: Investigating whether inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in chronic renal patients on hemodialysis can provide additional benefits to the cardiopulmonary system, the autonomic nervous system, and quality of life. Methods: Thirteen women in Hemodialysis Treatment were selected for an inspiratory muscle training program (IMT) with Threshold IMT at 40% of Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) for 30 daily minutes, during 7 days, for 12 weeks. The maximal MIP and Expiratory Pressure (MEP), blood pressure (BP) before and after each training, Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis, pulmonary functional capacity were assessed by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the quality of life by KDQOLSFTM. Results: MIP increased -35.33 ± 20.49 cmH20 to -58.89 ± 23.02 cmH20 (p <0.0028), from MEP 51.67 ± 30 cmH20 to 65.56 ± 20.07 cmH20 (p <0.0281). In the HRV there was no statistically significant improvement. Quality of life improved on Symptoms/ Problems scores at weeks 4, 8 and 12 compared to week 0 (p <0.0009), and on Cognitive Function with improvement at week 12 compared to week 0 (p <0.0491) . The creatinine values presented a statistically significant decrease in the values of weeks 4, 8 and 12 compared to week 0, with p = 0.0004. Conclusion: IMT proved to be an easily applicable alternative treatment for improving respiratory muscle strength and serum creatinine levels, and may be widely used in patients with CKD, concomitant with hemodialysis treatment. / Introdução: A Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) é uma doença de início gradativo, na qual o indivíduo se torna sujeito ao tratamento dialítico, definido por anormalidades estruturais dos rins que podem levar à redução da função renal, diagnosticada por uma filtração glomerular menor que 60 ml/min/1,73 m2 durante um período de três meses ou mais. A hemodiálise (HD) é o tratamento para a DRC mais utilizada, sendo responsável pela filtração extracorpórea do sangue. No sistema muscular, o mais afetado por atrofia muscular, é o sistema respiratório. As doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de morbidade e mortalidade nessa população. Mais de 50% do total de mortes que ocorrem nos doentes renais são por eventos cardiovasculares. Com o sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA) disfuncional, há uma redução na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e o desenvolvimento de arritmias complexas. As limitações e complicações múltiplas da DRC têm um impacto negativo na qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Objetivo: Investigar se o treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI) nos pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise pode proporcionar benefícios adicionais ao sistema cardiopulmonar, ao sistema nervoso autônomo e na qualidade de vida. Metodologia: Foram selecionadas 13 mulheres em Tratamento Hemodialítico, para um programa de treinamento da musculatura inspiratória (TMI), com Threshold IMT, a 40% da Pressão Inspiratória Máxima (PImax) por 30 minutos diários, 7 dias, por 12 semanas. Foram avaliadas a PImáx e Pressão Expiratória máxima (PEmáx), pressão arterial (PA) antes e após cada treino, análise da Variabilidade da Frequência Cardíaca (VFC), capacidade funcional pulmonar pelo Teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6) e da qualidade de vida pelo KDQOL-SFTM. Resultados: Foi encontrado aumento da PImáx -35,33±20,49 cmH20 para -58,89± 23,02cmH20 (p<0,0028), da PEmáx 51,67±30cmH20 para 65,56± 20,07cmH20 (p<0,0281). Na VFC não houve melhora estatisticamente significativa. A qualidade de vida apresentou melhoras nos escores Sintomas/Problemas nas semanas 4,8 e 12 comparado à semana 0 (p<0,0009), e na Função Cognitiva com melhora na semana 12 comparada à semana 0 (p<0,0491). Os valores de creatinina apresentaram diminuição estatisticamente significativa nos valores das semanas 4, 8 e 12 comparados a semana 0, com p = 0,0004. Conclusão: O TMI mostrou ser uma alternativa de tratamento de fácil aplicação para melhora da força muscular respiratória e nos valores de creatinina sérica, podendo ser amplamente utilizado em pacientes com DRC, concomitante ao tratamento hemodialítico.

Mokytis kvėpuoti nereikia – kiekvienas žmogus geba tai nuo pat pirmojo savo riksmo gimus (Mejeris, 1997, p. 30). Tačiau kaip kvėpuoti taisyklingai, reikia pasimokyti daugeliui. Daugelis žmonių, deja, kvėpuoja neteisingai, ir dėl to jie turi aibę ligų. Andziulis, Kriščiūnas, Volčeskas ir Rimdeikienė (1999) savo leidinyje kvėpavimo pratimus išskiria, kaip itin veiksmingą būdą, gydant kvėpavimo takų ir plaučių ligas. Bakalauro darbe, analizuojamas specifinės kvėpavimo pratimų programos poveikis vaikams, sergantiems kvėpavimo takų ligomis. Tyrimo tikslas: atskleisti specifinių kvėpavimo pratimų programos poveikį 5 – 6 metų vaikams, sergantiems kvėpavimo takų susirgimais. Tyrimui atskleisti buvo iškelti šie tikslai: atskleisti kvėpavimo pratimų svarbą vaikams, sergantiems kvėpavimo takų susirgimais, remiantis mokslinės literatūros analize; sudaryti specifinę kvėpavimo pratimų programą, skirtą vaikams, sergantiems kvėpavimo takų susirgimais; ištirti ir palyginti eksperimentinės ir kontrolinės grupės vaikų, plaučių, pilvo bei liemens raumenų funkcines galimybes, prieš ir po specifinių kvėpavimo pratimų programos taikymo, taip nustatant eksperimento poveikį. Tyrime dalyvavo dvidešimt Šiaulių sanatorinio lopšelio – darželio „Pušelė“ 5 – 6 metų vaikai, turintys įvairių kvėpavimo takų susirgimų. Buvo sudarytos dvi vaikų grupės (eksperimentinė ir kontrolinė) identiškos pagal jų skaičių. Eksperimento pagalba buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti specifinių kvėpavimo pratimų poveikį tiriamųjų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / There is no need to learn to breathe – every human being is able to do it starting from one’s birth and the first cry (Mejeris, 1997, p. 30). Though, to breathe properly one should put some effort in order to learn it. A lot of people breathe in a wrong way and because of this suffer from various diseases. Andziulis, Kriščiūnas, Volčeskas and Rimdeikienė (1999) in their publishing emphasize breathing exercises as a very effective means in treating breathing disorders and lungs diseases. In the study the impact of special breathing exercises on children with various breathing disorders is being analyzed. The aim of the survey is to evaluate the impact of a special program on five – six – year – old children with breathing illnesses. For carrying out the survey the following objectives were pursued: • To emphasize the significance of breathing exercises for children with breathing disorders referring to scientific literature • To create a special program of breathing exercises for sick children • To investigate and compare the results of two groups (experimental and control) in children’s lungs, stomach and waist muscle functional possibilities before and after applying the special program, to evaluate the influence of the experiment on the patients. Twenty five – six – year – old children with breathing disorders from Šiaulių sanatorium – kindergarten “Pušelė” took part in the research. There were two groups (identical according to the number) organised – experimental and... [to full text]