Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-06-19T18:29:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IlckmansBergmaTonhaMoreiraMugarteDissertacaoParcial2012.pdf: 481760 bytes, checksum: ae794c45f043ab266258ee1509773b07 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-06-19T18:31:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IlckmansBergmaTonhaMoreiraMugarteDissertacaoParcial2012.pdf: 481760 bytes, checksum: ae794c45f043ab266258ee1509773b07 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-19T18:31:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IlckmansBergmaTonhaMoreiraMugarteDissertacaoParcial2012.pdf: 481760 bytes, checksum: ae794c45f043ab266258ee1509773b07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-25 / Eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa, considered as serious disturbances in eating habits, are relevant causes of morbidity and mortality in adolescents. Patients with these disorders have a mortality rate twelve times higher than the normal population in the same age range. Obesity may be considered one of the world???s most serious public health problems, because of the complications associated with it and the high rates of morbidity and mortality. Eating disorders and obesity have been studied in past years, however most researches focuses on the individual aspects of the patients. It was with the intent to broaden the comprehension of these diagnosis, also involving the family context of individuals, that this present study aims at establishing possible links between the answers given by the adolescents with eating disorders (bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa) and obesity, in regards to the parental figures in the Rorschach method and the characteristics of the family dynamic, identified by means of systemic techniques. The project is part of a larger project which aims at building a psychosocial care methodology for children and adolescents with eating disorders and their families, which is in progress at Universidade Catolica de Brasilia, under the coordination of this dissertation???s advisor and of which the author is also part of. The participants were three families which resides in Administrative Regions of the Federal District: the first has an adolescent with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, composed by the mother, 46 years of age, and a sister who is 17, they live in a rental home and have a monthly income of $2.700,00; the second has an adolescent with a bulimia nervosa diagnosis, composed by the mother who is 42 years old, father, 43, and two brothers of 22 and 07, they live in a home which they own and have a monthly income of two minimum wages; the third which has a diagnosis of obesity is composed by the mother, 67 years old, two sisters of 26 and 21, and a brother of 23, they live in a home which they own and have an approximate monthly income of two minimum wages. Qualitative research method was used by means of case study. A semi-structured family interview ??? Family Life Cycle Interview was conducted, with the elaboration of a genogram and, afterwards, the adolescents were submitted to the Rorschach test. The data from the interviews were analysed based on the constructiveinterpretative method of Gonz??les Rey and the data from the tests were analysed according to the Rorschach protocols, based on the French School. The data found regarding the Family Life Cycle and history showed a few characteristics of the family dynamic such as: difficulties on the maternal side of the families; difficulties in the adolescents??? social relationships; a disengaged family structure (in the family with anorexia nervosa), family with diffused external borders (bulimia nervosa) and an enmeshed family structure (family with obesity); current irregular eating habits (families with anorexia and obesity) and abundance and variety in the current eating habits (family with bulimia); food as a gathering factor (families with bulimia and obesity). The data from the Rorschach test showed the presence of low self-esteem, insecurity, distortions of self-concept and self-image and sexual identification problems among the adolescents. / Os transtornos alimentares (TA) - anorexia nervosa e bulimia nervosa, considerados como graves perturba????es no comportamento alimentar, s??o causas importantes de morbidade e mortalidade em adolescentes. Pacientes com esses transtornos t??m um ??ndice de mortalidade doze vezes maior que o da popula????o normal da mesma faixa et??ria. A obesidade pode ser considerada um dos mais graves problemas de sa??de p??blica, em todo o mundo, devido ??s complica????es a ela associadas e ??s altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Os TA e a obesidade t??m sido estudados nos ??ltimos anos, por??m a maioria das pesquisas enfoca os aspectos individuais dos pacientes. Foi no sentido de ampliar a compreens??o sobre esses diagn??sticos, envolvendo tamb??m o contexto familiar dos indiv??duos, que o presente estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer poss??veis rela????es entre as respostas dadas por adolescentes com TA e obesidade, referentes ??s figuras parentais no m??todo de Rorschach e as caracter??sticas da din??mica familiar, identificadas por meio de t??cnicas sist??micas. O projeto faz parte de um projeto maior que tem o objetivo de construir uma metodologia de atendimento psicossocial a crian??as e adolescentes com transtornos alimentares e suas fam??lias, em andamento na Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, sob a coordena????o da orientadora dessa disserta????o e do qual a autora da mesma faz parte. Os participantes foram tr??s fam??lias residentes em Regi??es Administrativas do Distrito Federal: uma adolescente com diagn??stico de anorexia nervosa, formada pela genitora, 46 anos, e uma irm?? de 17, reside em casa alugada e tem uma renda mensal aproximada de R$2.700,00; a segunda com uma adolescente com diagn??stico de bulimia nervosa, formada pela genitora, 42 anos, o genitor, 43, e dois irm??os de 22 e 07, reside em casa pr??pria e renda mensal de dois sal??rios m??nimos; a terceira que possui diagn??stico de obesidade ?? formada pela genitora, 67 anos, duas irm??s de 26 e 21, e um irm??o de 23, reside em casa pr??pria e renda de dois sal??rios m??nimos. Utilizou-se o m??todo da pesquisa qualitativa por meio do estudo de caso. Realizou-se entrevista familiar semiestruturada ??? Entrevista do Ciclo de Vida Familiar, com elabora????o do genograma e, em seguida, os adolescentes foram submetidos ao teste de Rorschach. Os dados das entrevistas foram analisados com base no m??todo construtivo-interpretativo de Gonz??les Rey e os dados do teste foram analisados segundo os protocolos de Rorschach, com base na Escola Francesa. Os dados levantados sobre a hist??ria e Ciclo de Vida Familiar mostraram algumas caracter??sticas da din??mica familiar como: dificuldades nas fam??lias de origem materna; dificuldades no relacionamento social dos adolescentes; estrutura familiar do tipo desligada (na fam??lia com anorexia nervosa), fam??lia com fronteiras externas difusas (bulimia nervosa) e fam??lia com estrutura do tipo emaranhada (fam??lia com obesidade); padr??o alimentar atual irregular (fam??lias com anorexia e obesidade) e fartura e variedade na alimenta????o atual (fam??lia com bulimia); a comida como fator agregador (fam??lias com bulimia e obesidade). Os dados do teste de Rorschach apontaram para a presen??a de baixa autoestima, inseguran??a, distor????es acerca do autoconceito e autoimagem e problemas de identifica????o sexual nos adolescentes.

This autoethnographic study is an attempt to humanize the deviant behaviors and bodies of eating disordered and physically disabled persons in Western culture. The narratives included within are from the author’s own personal experiences as a heterosexual, eating disordered, disabled man. The narratives unfold chronologically in ways that explicate the transitions between identities and the onset and acceptance of each. The goal of this study is to unveil aspects of both eating disorders and disabilities as they relate to the locus of attention surrounding individuals that experience them. The researcher argues that the attention a deviant body draws from others may form the deviant body as a spectacle that can be either eagerly sought after, or reluctantly ascribed to, the individual that holds it.

Objetivo: Conocer y analizar el impacto de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en la indización y comunicación de la información sobre los Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria (TCA). Método: Estudio por compendio de publicaciones, donde el contenido se dividió en dos apartados: La divulgación de los conocimientos sobre TCA en la Web 2.0 y la indización de la producción científica sobre TCA en las bases de datos bibliográficas internacionales. Resultados: Para llevar a cabo la primera parte, se realizó un estudio bibliométrico sobre la producción científica de la calidad de las páginas Web sobre TCA. Se revisó sistemáticamente como otros autores habían investigado las páginas Web sobre TCA. Se desarrollaron dos trabajos de campo sobre la calidad de los Blogs y de las Webs relacionadas con los TCA. Se analizó la terminología sobre desórdenes nutricionales y TCA en las ediciones española e inglesa de la Wikipedia. Para la segunda parte se revisaron los lenguajes de indización relacionados con los TCA, estudiando las palabras clave (PC) y su relación con los tesauros utilizados para indizar esta producción científica. Conclusiones: La producción científica sobre calidad de la información en Internet sobre TCA presentó gran dispersión institucional, si bien la temática era de plena actualidad. En los Blogs y en las páginas Web sobre TCA conocer la autoría y la institución de referencia, fueron factores importantes en la predicción de la calidad de la información. No se encontró ningún instrumento validado que pudiera ser utilizado por los usuarios a la hora de evaluar la calidad de la información sanitaria en Internet. La información sobre TCA en Wikipedia no ha alcanzado el nivel óptimo. Las diferencias entre las ediciones española e inglesa de esta enciclopedia digital se deben más a criterios de existencia del término que a razones de adecuación de su información. Se deben conocer los lenguajes documentales para poder disponer de competencia en la gestión e indización de la producción científica. La no utilización de palabras clave equivalentes a términos MeSH, y la falta del término principal (Major topic) en el título de un artículo son causas que pueden afectar seriamente a su visibilidad, así como a su correcta clasificación temática. Los autores de los trabajos sobre TCA utilizaron más PC relacionadas con los APA-Terms que con los MeSH, esto puede deberse a que los términos de indización APA son más adecuados a la hora de conceptualizar estos estudios.

Subjects for this study were 40 women (N= 40) with subclinical bulimia nervosa who were randomly assigned to either a Cognitive Behavioral Treatment group (CBT) or to a waiting list control group. Treatment was provided for 8 weeks in an individual, self-administered format, using an audio-taped treatment package for Body Image Dissatisfaction (BID). Cognitive behavioral treatment focused on changing negative thoughts and feelings about one's body. No specific treatment focused on changing eating symptomatology or concomitant symptoms, although these were assessed. The waiting list control condition received assessment, followed by 8 weeks of no treatment. Treatment outcome measures were three self-report scales that assessed BID and two measures that assessed eating symptomatology and concomitant symptoms. At posttest, treated subjects showed improvement on two of three measures of BID, with a trend towards improvement on the third measure, when compared to waiting list control subjects. Treated subjects also showed a trend towards improved eating symptomatology and concomitant symptoms such as depression and anxiety, relative to waiting list control subjects. The results indicated that CBT is effective for decreasing BID in women with subclinical bulimia nervosa when administered in a self-directed manner.

The research concerning eating disorders and concomitant conditions shows that anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are serious disorders that pose many diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to mental health and nutrition professionals. Most psychologists and nutritionists receive broad-based training that likely only superficially touches upon the importance of these diagnostic issues. Nevertheless, effective treatment planning requires that diagnostic issues and concomitant conditions be evaluated and incorporated into the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders. Thus, there is an increasing need for specialized training in order to better evaluate and treat the complicated clinical picture presented by eating disorder clients. However to date, no systematic training package has been available to meet this training need. The present study was designed to fulfill this need by developing and initially validating an expert system-based, computer-assisted training program (ES-CAT). The initial validation involved comparing the mean overall post-test scores of 56 subjects. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups [i.e., expert system-based, computer assisted trainer (ES-CAT), expert system-based trainer without computer guidance (ES), and traditional self-study (SS)]. The ES-CAT was shown to be more effective in training subjects in the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders than either an expert system-based trainer without computer guidance (ES) or a traditional method of training (SS). Indeed, subjects who used the ES-CAT showed large gains in knowledge and mastery of the material at better than 85%. The addition of the computer-based guidance to the expert system trainer showed more significant gains (from a pre-test to post-test) of learning than the expert system trainer manual only. Furthermore, the expert system-based trainer without computer guidance (ES) was significantly more effective in training subjects than a traditional method of reading and studying textbooks (SS). The total training time of the ES-CAT was approximately 16 hours. Thus, a reasonable and effective means of training practitioners to better evaluate and treat the complicated clinical picture presented by eating disorder patients was developed and initially validated.

<p>Eating disorders (ED) constitute a significant source of psychiatric morbidity and are an important public health concern in Western societies. Knowledge about risk factors for ED is crucial for early detection and implementation of preventive interventions. The aim of the present thesis was to examine the prevalence, incidence, correlates, and the risk factors for ED among 1,157 young adult women in the general population. The studies in the thesis used a prospective design with the potential of addressing methodological limitations in earlier research.</p><p>In Study I, conducted in 1997, the lifetime and point prevalence of DSM-IV-based diagnoses of ED was, respectively, 7.85% and 2.59%. Participants with ED reported higher body dissatisfaction, lower perceived social support from the family, and lower self-esteem compared to participants with no ED. In Study II, it was shown that highest relative use of escape-avoidance coping was reported among participants with ED, followed by dieting participants with no ED, and least among those neither dieting nor with ED. In Study III, (i.e., the follow-up in 1999), the point prevalence of ED was 3.15% and the cumulative 2-year first time incidence was .0105 (n=8). The total incidence group (n=34), as compared to the participants with no ED (controls, n=643), reported significantly lower premorbid self-esteem, and perceived social support from the family and higher body dissatisfaction, higher relative use of escape-avoidance coping, and dieting. Furthermore, the incidence group reported a significant increase in body dissatisfaction and relative use of escape-avoidance coping, and a significant decrease in self-esteem as compared to controls from 1997 to 1999. In Study IV, it was shown that the <i>Survey for Eating Disorders</i> is a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire for the screening of ED and case ascertainment. </p><p>In conclusion, it is suggested that premorbid low self-esteem, perceived low social support, high body dissatisfaction, high relative use of escape-avoidance coping, and dieting be regarded as risk factors for a later development of ED among young adult women. It is also proposed that more attention be devoted to these factors both in designing prevention interventions and in refining current treatments. </p>

Eating disorders (ED) constitute a significant source of psychiatric morbidity and are an important public health concern in Western societies. Knowledge about risk factors for ED is crucial for early detection and implementation of preventive interventions. The aim of the present thesis was to examine the prevalence, incidence, correlates, and the risk factors for ED among 1,157 young adult women in the general population. The studies in the thesis used a prospective design with the potential of addressing methodological limitations in earlier research. In Study I, conducted in 1997, the lifetime and point prevalence of DSM-IV-based diagnoses of ED was, respectively, 7.85% and 2.59%. Participants with ED reported higher body dissatisfaction, lower perceived social support from the family, and lower self-esteem compared to participants with no ED. In Study II, it was shown that highest relative use of escape-avoidance coping was reported among participants with ED, followed by dieting participants with no ED, and least among those neither dieting nor with ED. In Study III, (i.e., the follow-up in 1999), the point prevalence of ED was 3.15% and the cumulative 2-year first time incidence was .0105 (n=8). The total incidence group (n=34), as compared to the participants with no ED (controls, n=643), reported significantly lower premorbid self-esteem, and perceived social support from the family and higher body dissatisfaction, higher relative use of escape-avoidance coping, and dieting. Furthermore, the incidence group reported a significant increase in body dissatisfaction and relative use of escape-avoidance coping, and a significant decrease in self-esteem as compared to controls from 1997 to 1999. In Study IV, it was shown that the Survey for Eating Disorders is a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire for the screening of ED and case ascertainment. In conclusion, it is suggested that premorbid low self-esteem, perceived low social support, high body dissatisfaction, high relative use of escape-avoidance coping, and dieting be regarded as risk factors for a later development of ED among young adult women. It is also proposed that more attention be devoted to these factors both in designing prevention interventions and in refining current treatments.

Women in general seem to have a complicated relationship with their bodies and their body image. A small percent of the female population develop a serious pathological eating pattern which is characterized by a disturbed image of body size and shape. This disturbance has been investigated by many researchers and the quest of finding the underlying neural correlates has progressed enormously during the last decade. The relationship between disturbed eating patterns and body image distortions is highly complicated. The purpose of this review article is to give an overview of current research literature and scientific results. The aim is to find a framework for the phenomenon of body image distortions among both healthy and non-healthy women. Differences between genders and how food intake affects body image will also be addressed. The focus lies on behavioral traits and the underlying neural correlates, with focus on both the perceptual and the cognitive-affective component.

Thesis (M.A.)--East Carolina University, 2009. / Presented to the faculty of the Department of Psychology. Advisor: Susan McCammon. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 3, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Marshall University, 2002. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains 179 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 178-179).