CAMPOS, Afonso Celso Soares. Estudo do uso do creme vaginal de Aroeira do Sertão (myracrodruon urundeuva - Allemão) em pacientes atendidas no ambulatório de ginecologia de uma unidade básica de saúde em Fortaleza. 2008. 82 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Fortaleza, 2008. / Submitted by denise santos (denise.santos@ufc.br) on 2012-12-14T14:18:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_acscampos.pdf: 712020 bytes, checksum: 0de26e584b90a8a0092d6e13c8e914f6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Fernandes(erikaleitefernandes@gmail.com) on 2012-12-17T13:48:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_acscampos.pdf: 712020 bytes, checksum: 0de26e584b90a8a0092d6e13c8e914f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-12-17T13:48:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_acscampos.pdf: 712020 bytes, checksum: 0de26e584b90a8a0092d6e13c8e914f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / The Brazilian Peppertree (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) is a medicinal plant popularly known in the treatment of gynecological problems, such as cervicitis, vaginitis and ectopies, which pharmaceutical form in cream is 15%, used for more than ten years by the Live Pharmacy Program. One aimed to study the use and efficiency of Brazilian Peppertree in gynecology; record and quantify possible adverse and phytotherapic reactions. It is an observatory, prospective study, of the open type and non comparative of medicine use. Developed in a Health Unit, from regional IV in Fortaleza-CE. The study was composed by 33 women that received indication and prescription of Brazilian Peppertree’s vaginal cream, but only 18 completed all the phases of the study. The data were collected between January and June 2008, by accompaniment of women who concluded the study. One used as technique the individual interview pre and post treatment; the use of clinical information given by the responsible gynecologist, besides a form to record the clinical data. The results demonstrated that no adverse reaction was reported and that the cream was effective in the treatment of the diseases (Cervicitis and Ectopies). One concludes, thus, that the findings confirm all the pharmacological effects already detected concerning the Brazilian Peppertree and that it does not cause any adverse reaction, confirming, this way, what preaches the new National Policy of Medicinal Plants, regarding women’s health. / A Aroeira do Sertão (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) é uma planta medicinal utilizada popularmente no tratamento de problemas ginecológicos, tais como Cervicite, Vaginites e Ectopias, cuja forma farmacêutica de creme vaginal é de 15%; utilizada a mais de uma década pelo Programa Farmácias Vivas. Objetivou-se estudar o perfil de utilização e a eficácia do creme de Aroeira em ginecologia; notificar e quantificar possíveis reações adversas a fitoterápicos. Trata-se de estudo observacional, prospectivo, de tipo aberto e não comparativo de utilização de medicamentos. Desenvolvido em um Centro de Saúde, pertencente à regional IV de Fortaleza-CE. O estudo foi composto por 33 mulheres que receberam indicação e prescrição de uso do creme vaginal de Aroeira, sendo que apenas 18 completaram todas as fases do estudo. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro e junho de 2008, mediante acompanhamento de mulheres que concluíram o estudo. Utilizou-se como técnica a entrevista individual pré e pós-tratamento; a reunião de informações clínicas fornecidas pela ginecologista responsável, além de um formulário para registro dos dados clínicos. Os resultados demonstraram que nenhuma reação adversa foi relatada e o creme mostrou-se efetivo no tratamento das patologias diagnosticadas (Cervicites e Ectopias). Conclui-se, assim, que os achados corroboram todos os efeitos farmacológicos já detectados em relação à aroeira e que esta não acarreta nenhum tipo de reação adversa, confirmando, dessa forma, o que preconiza as diretrizes da nova Política Nacional de Plantas Medicinais, voltadas para a saúde da mulher.

nÃo hà / O presente ensaio clÃnico avaliou o efeito gastroprotetor do Myracrodruon urundeuva AllemÃo (Aroeira-do-sertÃo) frente à gastropatia reativa (GR) secundÃria ao uso oral de aspirina (Ãcido acetil salicÃlico â AAS) em baixa dose (100 mg/dia). O Myracrodruon urundeuva AllemÃo, à planta nativa do Nordeste brasileiro, usada na medicina popular, como infusos ou decoctos da entrecasca de seu tronco, para afeÃÃes dermatolÃgicas, respiratÃrias, gastrointestinais e ginecolÃgicas. Seus extratos hidroalcÃolico e aquoso, submetidos a ensaios farmacolÃgicos prÃ-clÃnicos, demonstraram efeitos anti-inflamatÃrio, analgÃsico, cicatrizante, antiÃlcera, anti-histamÃnico e antibradicinÃnico e a ensaios clÃnicos preliminares, efeitos terapÃuticos sobre Ãlceras pÃpticas e cervicites. A GR por AAS, identificÃvel e classificÃvel endoscopicamente, foi escolhida como modelo de lesÃes gastroduodenais. Utilizou-se o elixir de Aroeira-do-sertÃo, obtido de brotos da planta jovem. O estudo, prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego e comparativo com placebo, avaliou a ocorrÃncia da GR por AAS em dois grupos de participantes tratados por 04 semanas, respectivamente com: AAS e Elixir de Aroeira (Grupo Aroeira) e AAS e Placebo (Grupo Placebo). Antes do tratamento (prÃ-estudo), os participantes, de ambos os sexos, com 21 a 65 anos, demonstraram normalidade gastroduodenal por endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA); responderam a questionÃrio sobre sinais e sintomas digestivos, com escores de frequÃncia e de intensidade, e submeteram-se a anÃlises laboratoriais (hemograma completo, glicose, creatinina, TGO, TGP, TAP e TPTA). Doze sujeitos incluÃram o Grupo Aroeira e 11 o Grupo Placebo. ApÃs 04 semanas, nova EDA foi realizada, o questionÃrio sintomÃtico foi reaplicado e os exames laboratoriais foram repetidos (pÃs-estudo). As EDAs do pÃs-estudo evidenciaram GR por AAS em 100% dos sujeitos do Grupo Aroeira e em 82% dos sujeitos do Grupo Placebo (p = 0,2160). A anÃlise dos questionÃrios prà e pÃs-estudo, evidenciou ausÃncia de variaÃÃes clÃnicas significantes na comparaÃÃo intragrupo (Grupo Aroeira, p = 0,2907; Grupo Placebo, p = 0,8880) e na comparaÃÃo intergrupo (PrÃ-estudo, p = 0,7951 vs PÃs-estudo, p = 0,6809). Em relaÃÃo aos exames laboratoriais, apenas poucas variaÃÃes estatÃsticas em comparaÃÃes intragrupos foram verificadas em parÃmetros do hemograma, os quais, contudo, se mantiveram nas faixas de normalidade. TambÃm foram registradas elevaÃÃes discretas nas mÃdias das glicemias (alteraÃÃes justificÃveis pelo perfil da populaÃÃo estudada). Estas nÃo foram estatisticamente significantes nas comparaÃÃes prà e pÃs-estudo. Todos os demais parÃmetros laboratoriais se mantiveram dentro das faixas de normalidade e nÃo sofreram variaÃÃes estatÃsticas significantes nas comparaÃÃes prà e pÃs-estudo. Em conclusÃo, este estudo demonstrou que o Myracrodruon urundeuva AllemÃo, na formulaÃÃo estudada, nÃo oferece gastroproteÃÃo frente ao uso oral de AAS, mas tambÃm nÃo se associa a eventos adversos gastrointestinais ou a efeitos tÃxicos hematolÃgicos ou bioquÃmicos. Em relaÃÃo ao uso de AAS em baixas doses, o estudo demonstrou elevada incidÃncia de GR oligossintomÃtica nas semanas iniciais de tratamento. / This clinical trial evaluated the gastroprotective effect of the Myracrodruon urundeuva AllemÃo (Aroeira-do-sertÃo) in face of the reactive gastropathy (RG) due to the oral usage of low-dose (100 mg/day) of aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid â ASA). The Myracrodruon urundeuva AllemÃo, is a native plant of the Brazilian Northeast, used in popular medicine, as infusions or decoctos of its trunk bark, for dermatologic, respiratory, gastrointestinal and gynecologic disorders. Its hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts were submitted to pre-clinical pharmacologic assays which showed anti-inflammatory, analgesic, healing, anti-ulcer, antihistaminic and antibradicininic effects. As well, preliminary clinical assays showed its therapeutic effects to peptic ulcers and to cervicitis. The RG due to ASA, which is identifiable and classifiable endoscopically, were chosen as gastroduodenal lesions model. It was employed the Aroeira-do-sertÃo elixir, obtained from burgeons of the young plant. The study was prospective, randomized, double-blind and placebo comparative and evaluated the occurrence of RG due to ASA in 2 groups of participants treated for 4 weeks, respectively with: ASA and Aroeira Elixir (Aroeira Group) and ASA and Placebo (Placebo Group). Before treatments (pre-study), the participants, from both sexes, with 21 to 65 years old, showed gastroduodenal normality by upper digestive endoscopy (UDE); answered a digestive signs and symptoms questionnaire, with frequency and intensity scores, and submitted to laboratory tests (CBC, Glucose, Creatinine, AST, ALT, PT and PTT). Twelve participants were included in the Aroeira Group and 11 in the Placebo Group. After 4 weeks of treatment, new UDEs were performed, the symptomatic questionnaire was reapplied and the laboratory tests were repeated (post-study). The post-studies UDEs showed ASA RG in 100% of the Aroeira Group participants and in 82% of the Placebo Group participants (p = 0.2160). The pre and post-study questionnaires analysis showed no significant clinical variations in the intragroup comparison (Aroeira Group, p = 0.2907; Placebo Group, p = 0.8880) or in the intergroup comparison (Pre-study, p = 0.7951 vs Post-study, p = 0.6809). The laboratory tests showed a few statistically significant variations in the intragroups comparisons of CBC parameters, which, however, stayed within the normal range values. As well, there were discrete elevations of the medium glucose dosages (alterations justifiable by the profile of the participantsâ population). However, these data were not statistically significant in the pre and post-study variations comparisons. All the other laboratory parameters stayed within the normal range values and did not show statistically significant variations in the pre and post-study comparisons. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the Myracrodruon urundeuva AllemÃo, in the formulation studied, do not offer gastroprotection to the lesions resulting by the oral ASA usage, but neither it was associated to adverse gastrointestinal events nor to toxic hematologic or biochemical effects. In relation to the low-dose ASA therapy, the study demonstrated a high incidence of oligosymptomatic RG during the initial weeks of treatment.

Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre de la thématique du Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie de l'UFR des Sciences de santé, au sein de l'Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté et du Laboratoire de Produits Naturels de la Faculté de Sciences, au sein de l'Universidad de Los Andes (Venezuela). Elle vise essentiellement l'isolement, purification et identification de molécules d'origine végétale avec activité biologique. Dans ce contexte, l'étude de plantes vénézuéliennes, Bursera inversa (Burseraceae), Lepechinia Bullata (Lamiaceae) et Hydrocotyle multifida (Araliaceae) avec des cultivars Pittosporum tenuifolium 'Variegatum' et Pittosporum tenuifolium 'Gold star' a conduit à l'obtention de treize glycosides naturels, un dérivé de l'acide caféique et diverses hydrocarbures à longue chaîne par les techniques de chromatographie de couche mince préparative, de chromatographie liquide à moyenne pression, chromatographie liquide haute performance, et de chromatographie liquide sous vide. Les structures ont été élucidées principalement par les techniques spectroscopiques de RMN-1 D et -2D, et de spectrométrie de masse. Il s'agit de treize saponines triterpéniques de type oléanane (parmi lesquelles neuf sont des nouveaux composés naturels) ainsi que de l'acide rosmarinique et des alcanes et esters d'acides gras à longue chaîne. / This thesis was carried out in the Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, on the Health Sciences section of Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (France) and also in the Laboratory of Natural Products of Sciences Faculty of Universidad de Los Andes (Venezuela). The aim of this thesis was the isolation, purification and identification of bioactive molecules from several plant species. ln this context, the study of Venezuelan species, Bursera inversa (Bùrseraceae), Lepechinia Bullata (Lamiaceae) and Hydrocotyle multifida (Araliaceae), together with the cultivars, Pittosporum tenuifolium 'Variegatum' and Pittosporum tenuifolium 'Gold star' was carried out. The study led to the isolation of thirteen natural glycosides, one caffeic acid derivative and several long chain hydrocarbons by column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, medium pressure liquid chromatography, high performance chromatography and vacuum liquid chromatography. The structures were elucidate mainly by spectroscopie techniques, NMR-1 D and 2D, and mass spectrometry. The compounds were characterized as thirteen oleanane-type saponins (among them nine are new natural compounds), rosmarinic acid and several long chain alkanes and fattv acid esters / Este trabajo se presenta bajo la forma de secciones, donde en primer lugar se expone una breve introducción acerca de los géneros de interés para este estudio, como son Bursera (Burseraceae), Hydrocotyle (Araliaceae), Lepechinia (Lamiaceae) y Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae); así como los motivos que llevaron a la realización de este estudio fitoquímico. Cada género es tratado en un capítulo diferente, que abarca una revisión bibliográfica extensa (considerando los aspectos etnobotánicos, fitoquímicos y farmacológicos) del género, seguida por el procedimiento experimental llevado a cabo en cada especie analizada y por último el análisis de los resultados obtenidos.Los compuestos aislados de cultivares de Pittosporum tenuifolium estudiados: 'Variegatum' y 'Gold Star' se encuentran descritos en el primer capítulo entre los que se encuentran ocho nuevas saponinas triterpénicas tipo-oleanano: PT-PI y PT-P4 de los tallos deP. tenuifolium 'Variegatum', PT-P2 y PT-P3 de las hojas de este mismo cultivar, PT-P7 y PT-P8 de los tallos de P. tenuifolium 'Gold Star' y por último, PT-P5 y PT-P6 aisladas de los tallos de ambos cultivares. Además también se describe el compuesto ya conocido, udosaponinaF (PT-P9), identificado en los tallos de P. tenuifolium 'Variegatum' De las especie Hydrocotyle multifìda se aislaron cinco saponinas triterpénicas, descritas en el segundo capítulo, las cuales tienen al ácido oleanólico como genina. Dos de las cinco saponinas son productos naturales nuevos, HmE-P3 y HmE-P2 minoritario; las otras tres saponinas son compuestos ya conocidos, momordin I (HmE-P1), sandrosaponina X (HmE-P2 mayoritario) y hemslósido Mal (HmE-P4) En el tercer capítulo que abarca al género Bursera, incluye los resultados del estudio fitoquímico de las semillas de Bursera inversa, entre los que se puede mencionar la identificación de 45 compuestos en las semillas de esta planta. El último capítulo contiene la descripción del compuesto mayoritario, aislado de las mias de Lepechinia bullata e identificado como el ácido rosmarínico (LB-TI).

abstract: ABSTRACT The elephant tree, Bursera microphylla, is at the northern limit of its range in central Arizona. This species is sensitive to frost damage thus limiting its occurrence in more northern areas of the southwest. Marginal populations of B. microphylla are found in mountain ranges of Central Arizona and are known to occur in the rugged mountain range system of the South Mountain Municipal Park (SMMP). Little is known of the distribution of this species within the park and details relevant to the health of both individual plants and the population such as diameter and number of trunks, height, and presence of damage have not been examined. This study was designed, in part, to test the hypothesis that favorable microhabitats at SMMP are created by particular combinations of abiotic features including aspect, slope, elevation and solar radiation. Data on abiotic factors, as well as specific individual plant locations and characteristics were obtained for 100 individuals. Temperature data was collected in vertical transects at different altitudinal levels. Some of these data were used in spatial analyses to generate a habitat suitability model using GIS software. Furthermore, collected data was analyzed using Matlab© software to identify potential trends in the variation of morphological traits. In addition, for comparative purposes similar information at one hundred computer-generated randomly chosen points throughout SMMP was obtained. The GIS spatial analyses indicated that aspect, slope, elevation, and relative solar radiance are strongly associated as major climatic components of the microhabitat of B. microphylla. Temperature data demonstrated that there are significant differences in ambient temperature among different altitudinal gradients with middle elevations being more favorable. Furthermore, analyses performed using Matlab© to explore trends of elevation as a factor indicated that multiple trunk plants are more commonly found at higher elevations than single trunk plants, there is a positive correlation of trunk diameter with elevation, and that canopy volume has a negative correlation with respect to elevation. It was concluded that microhabitats where B. microphylla occurs at the northern limit of its range require a particular combination of abiotic features that can be easily altered by climatic changes. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Applied Biological Sciences 2011

Dans le present travail de recherche notre équipe s'est interessé à l'étude de la composition chimique -au niveau moléculaire- d'un groupe d'échantillons résineuses provenant d'objects Aztecs et Mayas. Le but ultime de cette étude a été d'établir l'origin botanique de ces résines et d'avoir une vue d'ensemble des formulations utilisées dans les adhésifs ou les figurines, afin de mieux comprendre leurs propriétes physiques.Pour aboutir à cet objectif une stratégie analytique très spécifique a été créeé et mise en oeuvre. Cette stratégie a inclus l'analyse d'échantillons des résines archéologiques mais aussi de résines d'origine botanique certifiée et de résines commerciales, achetées dans des marchés traditionels au Mexique dans une région qui correspond a la one géographique occupée autre fois par l'empire aztèque.L'étude des matériaux a fait appel à des techniques tels que l'observation a l'échelle microscopique, la spectroscopie infrarouge (IRTF), la chromatographie liquide-DAD (HPLC-UV/Vis) et la chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à la spéctroscopie de masse (CPG-SM).L'étude moléculaire de ces échantillons, et plus précisement, l'étude leur fraction tritérpenique a permis de : Établir un profil moléculaire des résines pour chaque origine botanique étudiée Idéntifier précisement certain composées tritérpeniques présents dans toutes les échantillons Réperer les molécules tritérpeniques susceptibles d'être utilisées dans l'avenir comme des marqueurs moléculaires d'origine botanique pour les résines frais des espèces étudiées Suggèrer une origine botanique pour les échantillons archéologiques Aztèques Écarter des origines botaniques possibles pour l'échantillon Maya Avoir une vue d'ensemble de l'origine botanique des résines commercialisées au territoire mexicain sous le nom de «copal» Créer un protocole d'analyse simple pour permettre aux professionnels de la conservation et des biomatériaux d'établir l'origine botanique et un profil moléculaire des résines utilisées dans des expériences diverses Caractériser le comportement du copal lors du vieillisement naturel et artificiel Établir des molécules susceptibles de devenir marqueurs moléculairs pour les deux types de vieillisement Établir que l'origine botanique d'un échantillon résineux peut être retrouvée malgré son âge (archéologique) / In the present work, the molecular composition of series of resinous aztec and maya archaeological samples were investigated to determinate their nature.Thus an analytical strategy was specifically designed. This analytical strategy included the analysis of botanically certified resins, freshly collected. It included as well the analysis of commercial samples bought in Mexican traditional markets.The study of all the samples included microscopical techniques, Fourier Inverse Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) , High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Ultraviolet-visible spectrometry (HPLC-UV/Vis) and Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).The molecular study of these samples, in particular of their trterpenic composition allowed to : establish the molecular profile of resins from certified botanical origin. Identifiy some of the triterpenic compounds present in samples; Identify triterpenic molecules that could be uses as molecular markers for each botanical origin. Find the botanical origin of archeological astec samples. Discard possible botanic origins for maya archaeological sample. Have an overview of the origin of commercial samples of mexican copal. Create a simple protocol that allows conservation and biomaterials professionals to establish the botanical origin of archaeological and commercial resins, used in conservation interventions. Observe the behavior of copal materials upon ageing, establishing potential markers for natural ageing in copal, under darkness. Asses the botanical origin of a sample can be found regardless the age of the resin

Dans le present travail de recherche notre équipe s'est interessé à l'étude de la composition chimique -au niveau moléculaire- d'un groupe d'échantillons résineuses provenant d'objects Aztecs et Mayas. Le but ultime de cette étude a été d'établir l'origin botanique de ces résines et d'avoir une vue d'ensemble des formulations utilisées dans les adhésifs ou les figurines, afin de mieux comprendre leurs propriétes physiques.Pour aboutir à cet objectif une stratégie analytique très spécifique a été créeé et mise en oeuvre. Cette stratégie a inclus l'analyse d'échantillons des résines archéologiques mais aussi de résines d'origine botanique certifiée et de résines commerciales, achetées dans des marchés traditionels au Mexique dans une région qui correspond a la one géographique occupée autre fois par l'empire aztèque.L'étude des matériaux a fait appel à des techniques tels que l'observation a l'échelle microscopique, la spectroscopie infrarouge (IRTF), la chromatographie liquide-DAD (HPLC-UV/Vis) et la chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à la spéctroscopie de masse (CPG-SM).L'étude moléculaire de ces échantillons, et plus précisement, l'étude leur fraction tritérpenique a permis de : Établir un profil moléculaire des résines pour chaque origine botanique étudiée Idéntifier précisement certain composées tritérpeniques présents dans toutes les échantillons Réperer les molécules tritérpeniques susceptibles d'être utilisées dans l'avenir comme des marqueurs moléculaires d'origine botanique pour les résines frais des espèces étudiées Suggèrer une origine botanique pour les échantillons archéologiques Aztèques Écarter des origines botaniques possibles pour l'échantillon Maya Avoir une vue d'ensemble de l'origine botanique des résines commercialisées au territoire mexicain sous le nom de "copal" Créer un protocole d'analyse simple pour permettre aux professionnels de la conservation et des biomatériaux d'établir l'origine botanique et un profil moléculaire des résines utilisées dans des expériences diverses Caractériser le comportement du copal lors du vieillisement naturel et artificiel Établir des molécules susceptibles de devenir marqueurs moléculairs pour les deux types de vieillisement Établir que l'origine botanique d'un échantillon résineux peut être retrouvée malgré son âge (archéologique)