Depuis plusieurs années, la mondialisation du marché, l'augmentation des exigences des clients, et la recherche permanente d'une baisse des coûts induisent un accroissement fort de la complexité du monde industriel. Ainsi, la collaboration inter-organisationnelle devient essentielle pour maintenir et renforcer la compétitivité des entreprises. Dans cette optique, le système d'information peut, selon sa flexibilité et sa robustesse, freiner ou faciliter cette collaboration. Cette problématique est le point de départ du projet MISE (Mediation Information System Engineering) qui propose une solution pour la conception et la réalisation d'un système d'information collaboratif. Cette solution se base sur une démarche d'ingénierie dirigée par les modèles, couplée à une approche Business Process Management (BPM) et reposant sur les Architectures Orientées Services (SOA). Cette démarche se déroule en deux étapes : (i) la génération d'une cartographie de processus répondant à une situation collaborative (niveau métier), et (ii) sa transformation en un système exécutable (niveau technique). Les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit s'inscrivent dans cette démarche. Ils s'intéressent en particulier au passage du niveau métier vers le niveau technique en se focalisant sur les aspects non-fonctionnels. Nous présentons une approche permettant (i) d'annoter les activités métier à l'aide d'exigences non-fonctionnelles lors de la modélisation des processus collaboratifs, (ii) de rationaliser la gestion des services et leurs propriétés non-fonctionnelles au moyen de la Gouvernance SOA, et enfin (iii) de faire une réconciliation non-fonctionnelle entre les activités et les services. Nous avons validé les concepts de notre approche au travers de deux prototypes : Petals BPM-NFR pour la modélisation et l'annotation non-fonctionnelle des processus métier, et EasierGov-NFR pour la gouvernance des services et leurs propriétés non-fonctionnelles ainsi que la réconciliation non-fonctionnelle. Un cas d'étude illustre notre approche pour prouver son applicabilité. Ces travaux s'inscrivent au sein du projet européen FP7 CHOReOS. / Over the last years, the globalization, the increase of customers requirements, and the constant search for lower costs, have induced a steep complexity of organization's management. Therefore, inter-organizational collaboration becomes essential to maintain and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. In this context, the information system may, depending on its flexibility and its robustness, hamper or facilitate this collaboration. One approach to resolve this problem has been taken by the MISE (Mediation Information System Engineering) project. It aims to provide an effective implementation of a collaborative information system, based on Model-Driven Engineering, coupled with a Business Process Management approach (BPM) and supported by Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). This solution consists in two steps: (i) the generation of a business processes map from the description of a collaborative situation (business level), and (ii) the transformation of these process models into an executable system (technical level). The works detailed in this PhD take roots in this solution and improve it by adding non-functional aspects management during the transition from the business level to the technical level. We present an approach that: first (i) annotates the business activities with Non-Functional Requirements (NFR) in the processes modelling stage, second (ii) rationalizes the management of services and their non-functional properties through SOA Governance, and third (iii) makes a non-functional reconciliation between activities and services. We validate our approach through two prototypes: Petals BPM-NFR for modelling and non-functional annotation of business process, and EasierGov-NFR for the governance of services and their non- functional properties, and the non-functional reconciliation. A case study illustrates our approach to demonstrate its applicability. This work is supported by the FP7 European project CHOReOS.

The area of business process management in general and and especially business process design has only recently discovered potential applications of social software to facilitate and support collaboration [Scheer and Klueckmann, 2009]. This development is also fueled by the practical insight that organizations have experienced top-down approaches in the design and implementation of business processes to be not effective. In fact, many process management initiatives failed due to a lack of acceptance of chosen methods and tools. As a consequence in many organizations so called [Klückmann and Scheer, 2009] "Guerilla approaches" have been followed where individual organizational units introduced their own business process management philosophy and as well techniques and tools that fit their specific needs. However, Klückmann and Scheer [2009] stress the fact that although distributed business process management initiatives should generally not be hindered, it is important to channel and integrate these initiatives towards a more consistent and efficient process management in the large. Business process modeling in this context serves several purposes in the process management cycle. One purpose is the analysis of business processes to uncover potential performance weaknesses and provide a basis for improvements. Another purpose is the unambiguous documentation of business processes as a resource for knowledge transfer, organizational learning and governance. An increasingly important purpose is the use of process models to support the design and engineering of respective enterprise information systems [Davies et al., 2006]. Hence, the complex and abstract nature of process models and the closedness of process modeling environments has prevented them to be broadly accepted and used by non-experts [Nolte et al., 2011] viz the process community in a wider sense. Consequently, process documentation and models in organizations frequently is outdated, incomplete and inconsistent. This model-reality divide in turn leads to even more reluctance towards the adoption of process modeling environments and use of process models. Bridging this model-reality divide by fostering open and fluent col- laboration through adequate features inspired by social software has gained growing attention by academia and industry [Mathiesen et al., 2012]. Although both industry and academia have addressed the need for collaboration support in process modeling only limited insight exists regarding the specific requirements for software-support in collaborative process modeling. This work refers to existing research (e.g. [Mendling et al., 2012; Riemer et al., 2011]) on requirements for software-support in collaborative process modeling and wiki-based process modeling (e.g. [Ghidini et al., 2010; Dengler and Vrandecic, 2011]). and pursues the following goals: (1) gain an understanding of the nature and requirements of collaborative process modeling in practice, (2) investigate how these requirements can be addressed through the design of a wiki-based collaborative process modeling environment, and (3) gain insight how a wiki-based collaborative process modeling environment supports process design activities in practice. To address these goals a design science approach has been followed. Through a systematic literature review and qualitative expert interviews a preliminary understanding of the problem domain and specification of requirements has been achieved. Through the extension and adaption of a well-proven collaboration platform (a wiki engine) for process modeling support several of the previously identified design issues have been addressed. In particular, issues regarding the flexible integration of a visual process modeling interface component into a collaboration environment and issues regarding concurrent scenarios in process modeling have been discussed in detail and realized partly on a technical level. Two major software components have been developed for the support of collaborative process modeling. First, a light-weight and easily integratable user-interface component for process model creation has been developed and integrated into the collaboration environment (a wiki engine). Second, the identification and handling of concurrent situations when multiple modelers access and modify a process model page has been implemented on an element level which allows for the interactive resolution and semi-automatic merging of conflicting revisions of a process model. Case-studies in an industrial and an academic setting provided valuable insights in the practice of collaborative process modeling and gave feedback on the applicability of a wiki-based approach. The first case-study of a process re-design in the recruiting department of an office supply manufacturing company in Hungary describes the insights gained during a long-term collaboration within a small group. Findings were especially valuable for further enhancements of the software and an understanding of practical requirements in iterative model creation and validation. The second case-study in the context of two bachelor and master courses in information system design has lead to insights regarding the requirements in highly dynamic collaboration scenarios in small groups and large groups but as well regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of wiki-based process modeling in collaborative learning processes. (author's abstract)

In this thesis the candidate explores the apparent gaps between strategy development and strategy implementation (the strategy alignment question), and between business end-user needs and the suppliers of information technology (IT) related products and services. With business intelligence (BI) emerging as one of the fastest growing fields in IT, the candidate develops a conceptual model in which BI is placed into context with other relevant subjects such as strategy development, enterprise architecture and modelling and performance measurement. The emphasis is on the development of processes and templates that support a closed loop control system with the following process steps: - A business strategy is defined. - The implication of the strategy on business processes, supporting IT resources and organizational structure is formally documented according to enterprise architecture principles. - This documented blueprint of the organization helps to implement the selected business strategy. - A performance measurement system is developed and supported by a well-designed data warehouse. - On a regular basis the measurements that were defined to support the implementation of the strategy, together with information from the external environment are interpreted and this analysis leads to either a new strategy, or refinement of the implementation of the existing strategy. Both options may lead to changes in the enterprise architecture, the execution of business processes and/or the performance measurement system. Some of the individual components of the model are supported by existing theories, for example the Zachman Framework for enterprise architecture and the Balanced Scorecard from Kaplan and Norton. The contribution of the author was to position them in the bigger picture to indicate how they can add value with regard to the establishment of business intelligence in organizations. Instead of packaging existing ideas slightly differently under a new name, the author intentionally searched for existing theories to fulfil certain requirements in the Bigger Picture BI Context Model. Apart from a set of templates that were adapted from various other sources and packaged into practical formats that can be used during facilitation sessions, the author has also developed and described the Fourier Model and the Pots of Money Model. The Fourier Model is a powerful conceptual model that helps a business to package solutions for market related requirements through selections of previously defined building blocks (technical components) that can be delivered through various business entities, depending on the requirements of the opportunity. The Pots of Money Model is a quantitative model embedded in a spreadsheet format to illustrate and communicate the effect of spending decisions in one area of the business on other areas. The candidate demonstrates the Bigger Picture BI Context Model in several case studies. The thesis is accompanied by a CD ROM, which contains over 700 references to relevant literature (most of them available in full text) and links to internet web sites, as well as examples of the software templates that support some of the steps in the context model. The following figure depicts the conceptual model in schematic format: (See figure in the abstract of 00front) / Thesis (PhD (Industrial Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Industrial and Systems Engineering / unrestricted

The master thesis deals with business process optimization which has to be in a place due to a global implementation of a new logistic information system. The aim is to ensure a process analysis of a current status of selected processes of a company part which is going to be influenced by this implementation. Then to highlight and to stress on the biggest risks and disadvantages of a current status. Final result will be a proposal of new optimized process flows on a higher level of maturity which will meet all requirements set by a new information system, by an information need of a local management and will be helpful to customer service improvement. The first part of the thesis covers theoretical base of a business process management, process modeling and business process optimization approaches which prepare a base for their application in the second practical part of this thesis.

The thesis deals with the development of an information system in terms of small and medium-sized process-driven organizations. The main objectives of the study is to analyze the requirements of IS process-driven SMEs, further analyze the problems in the creation of this IS, generalize the obtained conclusions and formulate methodical recommendations for the creation of the information process-driven SMEs. The thesis consists of the first, more theoretical part and the second more practical part, which is based on the knowledge formulated in the first part. The thesis builds on experience gained by author in the project of reengineering processes and information system design in a small process-driven organization. All procedures are illustrated for better understanding and verified on specific company from the project. The thesis is written in sufficiently general, however, that its conclusions and recommendations are applicable to the greatest number of process-driven SMEs. The first part presents the basic principles of process management, improvement and reengineering business processes and examines the relationship of information system and business of organization. The contribution of this part is mainly to clarify the role of IS in the process-driven organization, which must be respected in the development of IS. The second part of the thesis analyze the requirements of the IS process-driven SMEs which are necessary to ensure support of business described in the previous section. It also describes ways to acquire and formulate requirements. Then lists the problems that accompany the creation of the IS in an effort to meet the previous requirements. The thesis ends with the formulation of methodological recommendations for each phase of the creating IS and summary conclusions. Especially is accented the importance of BPR and SOA for the final form of the IS.

A Gestão de Processos de Negócio é uma abordagem voltada a processos que, em um contexto de alta complexidade, viabiliza a integração, inovação e flexibilidade nas Organizações. Para a implementação desta abordagem nas empresas, apresenta-se como fundamental o Diagnóstico de Processos, pois o entendimento pleno do processo analisado permite resultados mais consistentes e maior alinhamento deste com a estratégia organizacional, otimizando o atendimento ao mercado, o custo operacional e a qualidade dos produtos e serviços. Contudo, a implementação do diagnóstico mostra-se um desafio para as Organizações, apresentando lacunas na literatura relacionados à temática de Diagnóstico de Processos, sob a abordagem de Gestão de Processos. Existe ainda a lacuna diante da proposta de identificar métodos de aplicação deste diagnóstico com técnicas complementares, capazes de contemplar as dimensões de processo. Tendo em vista estas lacunas, este estudo objetivou desenvolver um método de diagnóstico de processos baseado em técnicas complementares, possibilitando a identificação de fatores e atividades essenciais para a aplicação de um diagnóstico efetivo. Foram selecionadas duas técnicas de diagnóstico de processos: Mapeamento de Processos e Árvore da Realidade Atual. O Mapeamento de Processos é uma técnica que permite resultados robustos frente à necessidade de entendimento do fluxo de atividades e informações. A Árvore da Realidade Atual não permite resultados tão consistentes nestes fluxos, porém, é a técnica que proporciona melhor entendimento das dimensões do processo, de forma holística. Para verificar a efetividade deste método de diagnóstico, propôs-se uma pesquisa-ação em uma unidade da maior universidade da América Latina. A pesquisa-ação foi selecionada pela possibilidade de melhoria no método decorrente da aplicação do mesmo; para tanto, foram realizados três ciclos de aplicação, considerando fatores como a satisfação do grupo de trabalho, para medir a eficiência e a eficácia do método, e a satisfação da Organização, para medir a eficácia do mesmo. A seleção da instituição de ensino superior como local de pesquisa foi influenciada pela relevância desta referida universidade no cenário mundial, sendo seus resultados parâmetros para replicação em outras Organizações. Os resultados dos ciclos aplicados permitiram identificar quais são os fatores que influenciaram, de forma significativa, o Diagnóstico de Processos. Estes resultados auxiliam a referida universidade a entender seus processos, tal como prosseguir com outras análises. Auxiliam ainda a sociedade, por apresentar um método de diagnóstico, desenvolvido em uma universidade, que pode ser observado por duas perspectivas: (i) a aplicação do método formulado; ou, (ii) a possibilidade de um desenvolvimento customizado deste. Este estudo ainda pode embasar hipóteses em futuros estudos voltados a generalizar tais descobertas. / The Business Process Management is an approach processes focused that, in a context of high complexity, enables the integration, flexibility and innovation in organizations. To implement this approach in business, Process Diagnosis is fundamental for a full understanding of the analyzed process, allowing more consistent results and aligning with the organizational strategy, optimizing service to the market, the operating cost and quality of products and services. However, the implementation of this diagnosis is a challenge for organizations, because of the lack of studies in the literature related to Process Diagnosis, under the approach of Business Process Management. There is another gap to identify applications methods of this diagnosis with complementary techniques. Given these shortcomings, this study aimed to develop a diagnostic process method based on complementary techniques, enabling the identification of factors and activities essential for the implementation of an effective diagnosis. Two techniques were selected for the process diagnosis: Process Modeling and the Current Reality Tree. The Process Modeling is a technique that enables robust results to the necessity of understanding the activities and information flows. The Current Reality Tree does not allow such consistent results in these flows, however, is a technique that provides better understanding of the all dimensions of the process holistically. To verify the effectiveness of this method, it proposes an action research on the biggest university in Latin America. Action research was selected by the possibility of improvement in the method resulting from application of this. Therefore, there were three cycles of application, considering factors such as the satisfaction of the working group, to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of the method, and the satisfaction of organization, to measure the effectiveness of it. The selection of this higher education institution as a place of research was influenced by the relevance of that university on the world stage, and its results are parameters for replication in another organization. The results of the applied cycles allowed identifying what are the factors that influenced significantly the Process Diagnosis. These results help the university to understand that analyzed processes. Still help society by presenting a diagnostic method, developed in a university, which can be observed by two perspectives: (i) the application of the method formulated, or (ii) the possibility of development of this custom. This study can still to base hypotheses for future studies aimed to generalize these findings.

Modelagem e controle de execução são duas abordagens do gerenciamento de processos de negócio que, embora complementares, têm se desenvolvido independentemente. Por um lado, a modelagem é normalmente conduzida por especialistas de negócio e explora aspectos semânticos do processo. Por outro lado, o controle de execução estuda mecanismos consistentes e eficientes de implementação. Este trabalho apresenta um método algorítmico que relaciona modelagem e controle de execução, por meio da geração de expressões algébricas a partir de digrafos acíclicos. Por hipótese, assumimos que modelos de processos de negócio são formados por estruturas baseadas em grafos, e mecanismos de controle de execução são baseados na interpretação de expressões de álgebra de processos. Para a geração de expressões algébricas, esta tese apresenta as propriedades topológicas de digrafos série-paralelo e define um sistema de transformação baseado em redução de digrafos. Além disso, um algoritmo de identificação de digrafos série-paralelo e geração de expressões algébricas é apresentado. O texto também discute o tratamento de digrafos que não são série-paralelo e apresenta, para alguns desses casos, soluções baseadas em mudanças topológicas. Finalmente, o algoritmo é ilustrado com o estudo de caso de uma aplicação real. / Modeling and execution control are complementary approaches of business process management that have been developed independently. On one hand, modeling is usually performed by business specialists and explores semantical aspects of the business process. On other hand, execution control studies consistent and efficient mechanisms for implementation. This work presents an algorithmic method which joins modeling and execution control through algebraic expression generation from acyclic digraphs. By hypothesis, we assume that business process models are defined by graph structures, and execution control mechanisms are based on interpretation of process algebra expressions. For algebraic expression generation, this thesis presents the topological properties of series-parallel digraphs and defines a transformation system based on digraph reduction. Therefore, we present an algorithm for identification of series-parallel digraphs and generation of algebraic expressions. This work also discusses the treatment of non-series-parallel digraphs and presents solutions based on topological changing for some cases. Finally, the algorithm is illustrated with a case study based on a real system.

This Master’s thesis deals with the analysis and optimization of the order lifecycle process at a company providing comprehensive ICT services. Theoretical basis for analyzing and optimizing business processes is described in the first part. The second part of the thesis is focused on the analysis of the order lifecycle process, in the context of other business processes and organizational and management structures deriving from the business strategy. A description of existing ICT resources to support the process is also included. The solution proposal of the work presents possible ways to optimize the process and its software support.

Purpose – Due to faster innovation cycles and competitive markets, current methods for implementing and adapting business processes can not keep pace with changing requirements and cause BPM solutions to falls short of business needs. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new approach for implementing an agile BPM methodology by substituting the plan-build-run approach with an incremental prototype-based model, removing intermediaries from the time critical path of business process evolution, and empowering end users to change business processes at runtime by manipulating process artefacts. Design/methodology/approach – Based on interviews with customers and stakeholders and our experience in implementing complex BPM solutions in SMEs, we propose key concepts for an agile BPM approach and derive basic requirements for implementing a BPM system that allows users to redefine business processes during their execution. This analysis is supplemented by a brief overview of current research trends in modelling and implementing agile BPM. Originality/value – All existing solutions examined by our team imply a separate modelling step by users or process managers. The designed key concepts enable users to implicitly model processes without interrupting day to day operations. Our approach enables organisations to introduce business process management in areas where agility is very important (e.g. product development) or to increase operational agility in areas with established BPM. Practical implications – An agile BPM solution can give organisations the flexibility they need to react quickly to changing markets and customer needs. We want to help them to introduce standardization and efficiency without losing agility. In areas where classical BPM is in place, our approach can increase the adaptation rate of process changes. In the areas of knowledge workers with a high level of agility, our approach can increase efficiency by supporting knowledge sharing.

The thesis presents an analysis of the ten administrative procedural document flows, by which was developed and implemented a workflow system in the company Plzeňská teplárenská, a.s. Analysis processes are: Purchase requirement, Income invoice, Supply contract, Tender, Investment plan, Customer contract, Decommissioning of property, Travel order, New employee, Output sheet. Analysis of each process contains a description of the process with diagram circulation of documents and table with data that arise in individual steps. Analysis and reengineering of choosing processes took place on the basis of the decision of the company management. During of implementation appear number of problems resulting from the large scale of the project, from the shortcomings in the analysis, the lack of users and small support leadership, which led to the extension of the period projects to double the planned time. Currently, the system is in routine operation and brought all of the anticipated effects. An unexpected added value is auto-linking related documents in different agendas by using hyperlinks Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)