The topic of my diploma thesis concerns the buyer behavior of costumers in m-Commerce. The first half of my work is devoted to literature review. On the basis of studying literature, I described the basis theoretical knowledge in issues of buying behavior. The next step was the introduction of the term of m-Commerce. I also focused on current trends in this area and I predicted changes in the near future. On the basis of secondary data, I described the current state of m-Commerce and analyzed Czech and international surveys. The second half of my work is devoted to the research of buying behavior in m-Commerce. As a way to obtain primary data, I chose one of the quantitative methods of marketing research - a questionnaire survey.

The opening part of this work is focused on the literary research, especially, it defines forms of retail sales and their specifics, consumer behaviour, attitudes to consumer behaviour. also describes development of retailing in area of the Czech republic. The trends of retailing are enclosed in the literary research. The second part of this work includes results of the research of consumers' attitudes toward various forms of retail sales. The main goal of this thesis is to explore the development of shopping behaviour in the context of the development of retail sales. The recommendations for traders are designed at the end of this thesis.

The aim of the thesis is to suggest measures for selected online grocery shop. For this thesis was chosen online grocery shop Plnátaška.cz, which acts in South Bohemia. The theoretical part includes issues of e-commerce and particularly online sales of food. The practical part contains analysis of buying behaviour in the field of the internet purchase of food. Analysis is based on the results of questionnaire survey. Based on the results of the survey, were determined concrete suggestions and recommendations.

A topic of this thesis is an analysis of customer preferences in relation to products and services of the company REX Controls s.r.o. that focuses mainly on industrial automation and control systems. The goal of this thesis is to find preferred attributes when acquiring a control system and determine a level of customer satisfaction and loyalty. Product attributes are determined by conducting semi-structured interviews. Analysis of customer preferences is based on a consumer research. Within the survey are involved two groups of experts on automation and regulation. Evaluation of the collected data is performed by using statistical tools. The results of the analysis and formulated recommendations for the company, which could help to achieve its objectives, are discussed in the conclusion part.

The subject of this thesis is the consumers behavior on the residential property market in the Czech Republic, focusing on the specifics of the capital city. Based on the original research, the main goal of this thesis is to reveal the typical behavior and issues of the customers when buying real estate in Prague and evaluate the customer purchasing behavior of young population, with a focus on the college students. The secondary goal is to identify the profile of consumers on the real estate market in the Czech Republic and to describe the subjects on the Czech real estate market. The research is based on both qualitative in-depth interviews and quantitative questionnaire surveys methods, providing a view of the problems of the real estate market from different angles.

South African companies are said to be mining the so-called "Black Diamond", the emerging middle-class segment that is driving economic growth within the country (Mahajan, 2009:9). The focus on the emerging Middle Class in South Africa (SA) has left a knowledge gap on Low-Income consumers - even though they are still the largest consumer group in SA (Connecting with Survivors, 2014). The Unilever "Connecting with Survivors Report" (2014) highlights the fact that 70% of the SA Market earn less than R6000 per month, while together they have a spending power of R300 Billion per annum. According to Martin (2012:71), 5.8% of Low-Income Consumer Households (HH) spending is prioritised for the purchase of personal care products, while 64.2% of their HH income is prioritised for food and housing expenses. Given the trivial proportion allocated to personal care products, this research has been guided by the problem statement that Low-Income consumers are forced to make trade-offs, when purchasing personal care products, which fall outside their realm of affordability. The primary objective of this study was to investigate Low-Income consumers' buying behaviour in the Personal Care Industry in South Africa. The Theory of Buyer Behaviour was used as a theoretical framework to assist in the understanding of Low-Income consumer behaviour in the Personal Care industry. The phenomenological research paradigm was used in this study, utilising interviews to collect the data from respondents in the Western Cape Province. Inductive reasoning was practised to draw a conclusion on the investigation of Low-Income consumer buying behaviour in the personal care industry in South Africa. The findings from the study indicate that Low-Income consumers do indeed make trade-offs when personal care products fall outside their realm of affordability. The extent to which they do so varies, based on necessity. This research stands to contribute to the body of knowledge by narrowing the knowledge gap on the Low-Income Consumer market in South Africa with the focus on the Personal Care Industry, thereby allowing marketers to develop and implement effective marketing strategies.

Syfte – Studiens syfte är “Studera dagens köpkanaler för att möta nya trender inom detaljhandeln.”. För att besvara denna studies syfte har tre frågeställningar formulerats:  1.       Hur är dagens köpbeteende idag? 2.       Vilka är dagens köpkanaler inom klädhandeln?  3.       Vilken typ av köpbeteende passar dagens köpkanaler?   Metod – För att besvara studiens syfte genomfördes en litteraturstudie samt intervjuer. Litteraturstudien genomfördes för att analysera och samla tidigare kända empiriska studier och forskningsöversikter vilket berör det aktuella forskningsområdet. Fem stycken intervjuer genomfördes med personer inom olika områden för att skapa en bred förståelse kring ämnet. Insamlad data har systematiskt analyserats med hjälp av tematisk analys. Teorier kring studiens tre frågeställningar har utvecklats längs studiens gång.   Resultat – Studien har identifierat tre köpbeteende: Showrooming, webrooming och köp via direkt kanal. Fyra köpkanaler har identifierats som dagens köpkanaler inom klädhandeln: Brick-and-mortar, direktkanal, e-tailer och dubbel kanal. Studien har identifierat att köpbeteendet showrooming överensstämmer med Brick-and-mortar i formatet showroom samt direktkanal eller e-tailer. Webrooming överensstämmer med direktkanal, e-tailer följt av brick-and-mortar. Köpbeteendet direktkanal, uppstår med köpkanalerna brick-and-mortar, e-tailer och direktkanal. Trenden är att detaljhandlare inom klädhandeln övergår till en sömlös samverkan mellan olika kanaler.   Implikationer – Studien identifierar relationer mellan köpbeteende och köpkanaler vilket kan öka förståelsen för olika aktörer inom klädhandeln. Trender vilket har identifierats i studien kan hjälpa aktörer inom klädhandeln att förstå trender av köpbeteende. Klädhandeln kan dra fördel av detta. Studien tillför förståelse på vilket sätt konsumenter påverkar utvecklingen av köpkanaler genom den bekräftande rollen konsumenter har vid köp. Vidare forskning inom området kan vara att göra en kvantitativt studie för att fånga trendernas styrka och därmed dess påverkan på marknaden i stort.   Begränsningar – Studien är begränsad till intervjuer vilket endast utförts med människor i Sverige. För att få en bredare förståelse och mer allmän gällande studie kan intervjuer över hela världen genomföras. Studien är begränsad till fem intervjuer, vilket kan utökas till fler intervjuer och intervjuer av människor i fler branscher med unik relation till studiens ämne. / Purpose – The purpose of the study is “Study the current buying channels to meet coming trends within retailing” Three questions have been formulated to answer the purpose of this study.  1.       What are the current buying behaviours today?  2.       What is today’s buying channels within the clothing retail market? 3.       What type of buying behaviour corresponds to today's buying channels?  Method – To answer the purpose of the study, a literature study and interviews were conducted. The literature study was conducted to analyse and gather information from previously known empirical studies, research overviews which relate to the relevant research area. Five interviews were conducted with experts with different perspective of clothing retail market, to create a broader understanding of the topic. The collected data has been systematically analysed using thematic analysis. Theories surrounding the study's three research questions have been developed along the course of the study.   Findings – The study have identified the major buying behaviours and buying channels in society given the study's delimitations. The major buying behaviours which have been identified are Showrooming, webrooming and purchases made through single channel. Identified buying channels are brick-and-mortar, direct channel, e-tailer and dual channel. Channel strategies used are Omnichannel, Multi-channel and cross-channel. Trends which may continue are the continued adaptation and integration of omnichannel and cross-channel systems among retail companies. Additional trend of importance is the continued work from retail firms with seamless interaction between multiple channels. Information retrieval will be done more online, and customers are looking for an experience when they visit a store, akin to showrooms. Omnichannel integration where the customer experiences a seamless experience between the different channels have become crucial. Clothing companies focus on the experience at the store and choose to invest in fewer stores of higher quality.   Implications – The study identifies relations within buying behaviours and buying channels which may gain create a deeper understanding within the retail market. Trends which have been identified may aid retail firms understanding for consumer different behaviour. The study contributes with an understanding how consumers effect the development of buying channels, through their confirmatory role. Further research in this area can be to conduct a quantitative study to catch the trend, the strength and therefore its impact on the overall market.   Limitations – The study is limited to interviews conducted only with people located in Sweden. To gain a broader understanding, interviews can be conducted all over the world. The study is limited to five interviews. Given the limitation, more interviews of people in additional sectors may be of interest for further research.

Intro: Understanding consumer behaviour and needs is imperative for B2C businesses, especially within the fashion retail-sector where trends and consumer preferences are constantly changing. The competitiveness of fashion firms is defined by their ability to deliver customer expectations. Covid-19 has limited the ability to shop in physical stores through restrictions and lockdowns, forcing consumers to alter their traditional shopping habits. Previous studies have observed changes in consumer behaviour and an increase in online shopping during the pandemic in several sectors worldwide. Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate how the Covid-19 pandemic has impacted the buying behaviour among Swedish fashion consumers. Method: This research utilises a quantitative method with a deductive approach. Primary data was gathered through a survey targeting 290 fashion consumers in Sweden. The survey questions focused on changes in behaviour since the virus was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30th, 2020, and whether respondents intended to continue this behaviour post-pandemic (WHO, 2021a). Responses were separated by age and income groups and the data was analysed in SPSS to conclude which effects Covid-19 had on buying behaviour and whether these changes were more prominent among certain age and income groups. Conclusion: Findings indicate that consumer behaviour had changed among Swedish fashion consumers and that some of these changes are likely to continue post-pandemic.

I dagens samhälle är Instagram och influencers ett väldigt vanligt fenomen bland unga. Idag kan influencers nå ut med marknadsföring av produkter på ett helt nytt sätt än vad reklam och reklamföretag gör. De som använder sig av Instagram i störst utsträckning är tjejer i ung ålder. Eftersom influencers har ett stort inflytande på unga och att de framför allt är inriktade på marknadsföring av kläder har detta även en koppling till den sociala identiteten. Konsumtionen i samhället ökar och det finns en strävan efter att visa sin identitet genom konsumtion. Syftet med denna studie är därmed att undersöka vilken betydelse influencers och deras uppdateringar på Instagram har för 16 - 20 åriga tjejers sociala identitet och på det köpbeteende som påverkar den sociala identiteten. Den valda metoden för att undersöka ämnet består av en kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervju med tio tjejer i åldrarna 16 – 20 år. Resultatet av studien påvisar att influencers har en stor betydelse för tjejernas köpbeteende kopplat till den sociala identiteten genom att influencers är en mycket stor inspirationskälla inom flera olika områden. Samtidigt som tjejerna tycker om influencers och därmed skapar ett förtroende för dessa finns det även en tendens till att jämföra sig med dem. / In today’s society, Instagram and influencers are very common phenomena among young people. Influencers can reach out in a completely new way when marketing products compared to traditional advertising. The users of Instagram are mostly young girls. Influencers have a great influence on young people and are primarily focused on the marketing of clothes. This has an affect on social identity. With the increasing rate of consumption in society, there is an effort to show one's identity through consumption. The purpose of this study is therefore to investigate the significance of influencers and their updates on Instagram for 16 - 20 year old girls' social identity and on the consumer behavior that affects social identity. The chosen method for investigating this are qualitative semistructured interviews with ten girls aged 16 - 20 years. The results of the study show that influencers have great significance for the girls' consumer behavior linked to social identity. Influencers are a very large source of inspiration for the girls in several different areas. At the same time as the girls find influencers likeable and build a trust for them, they also have a tendency to compare themselves to the influencers.

Research Question: To what extent do social media reviews’ effect on the purchase   intention and actual buying behaviour of consumers differ in the beauty industry in a cross-country comparison?     Purpose:   The purpose of this study is to explore to what extent consumers in the beauty industry perceive the importance of social media reviews and if it has direct or indirect effect on either their purchase intentions or buying behaviors or if not on both. The aim is then to contribute to limited research available and to see if this connection differs with the country particularly between Sweden and Sri Lanka.   Methodology:     A descriptive qualitative research strategy was approached conducting semi-structured interviews with a total of fourteen participants both from Sweden and Sri Lanka. Open-ended questions were asked and thematic analysis was used when analyzing the collected primary data.   Conclusion: Respondents from Sweden were more engaged with social media reviews and their purchase decisions were based mostly on social media reviews. Sri Lankan respondents were interested in negative reviews while Swedish respondents were highly affected and motivated by positive reviews. Even if young consumers in Sri Lanka were motivated to purchase beauty products because of social media reviews, almost all of the Sri Lankan respondents’ purchase decisions were highly impacted by family and friends compared to effects of social media reviews.