Inaug.-Diss.--Literaturwissenschaft--München, 1968. / Bibliogr. p. 154-164. Index.

This study develops a reliable intelligent non-destructive evaluation (NDE) expert system for carbon-carbon (C/C) composites based on thermography, ultrasonic, computed tomography and post processing by means of fuzzy expert system technique. Data features and NDE expert knowledge are seamlessly combined in the intelligent system to provide the best possible diagnosis of the potential defects and problems. As a result, this research help ensure C/C composites' integrity and reliability. Four types of orthotropic aerospace composite material groups, which include 2-D pitched based commercial aircraft disc brakes and asmolds, 3-D PAN based C/C composites, and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) panels, were tested. Based on the performance testing results of thermography, air-coupled ultrasonic, and x-ray computed tomography, the testing data pattern corresponding to feature and quantification of defects were found. This NDE knowledge databases were transformed to fuzzy logic expert system models. The models succeefully classified and indicated the defect's size and distribution and the intelligent systems perform NDE better than human operators. These fuzzy expert systems not only eliminate human errors in defect detection but also function as NDE experts. In addition, fuzzy expert systems improve the defect detection by incorporating fuzzy expert rules to remove noises and to measure defect size more accurately. In the future, the expert system model could be continuously updated and modified to quantify the size and distribution of defects. The systems developed here can be adapted and applied to build an intelligent NDE expert system for better quality control as well as automatic defect and porosity detection in C/C composite production process.

Orientador: Regina Buffon / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T02:19:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sato_CintiaAkemi_M.pdf: 2497710 bytes, checksum: ed234ce28b62278b8777a943791d0170 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, foram sintetizados complexos de paládio em que os ligantes fosforados estão ¿ancorados¿ em ciclofosfazenos. Estes complexos, em solução ou imobilizados em matrizes inorgânicas, foram testados nas reações de acoplamento de Suzuki (entre o ácido fenilborônico e o bromobenzeno, por exemplo), de Stille (entre o tributilvinilestanho e o bromotolueno) e de Heck (entre o estireno e o bromobenzeno). O resultado catalítico obtido com o catalisador sintetizado, em fase homogênea, na reação de Heck (TON = 3900, em 6 horas), foi muito bom, sendo superior a um catalisador análogo descrito na literatura. Na reação de Stille, o complexo, em fase homogênea, apresentou um ótimo resultado (TON = 4340, em 4 horas). Na reação de Suzuki, em fase homogênea, o TON obtido (123, em 24 horas) foi bom e comparável à literatura. Já em fase heterogênea, com o complexo encapsulado em matriz de sílica via processo solgel, os resultados obtidos, tanto na primeira reação quanto na primeira e segunda reciclagens, são superiores aos apresentados na literatura e apresentam o TON próximo ao obtido em fase homogênea, no mesmo tempo (92, 94 e 92 respectivamente), sem perda de desempenho. Estudos prospectivos para a imobilização do complexo em sílica foram realizados. O catalisador foi sintetizado com ligantes contendo grupos hidrolisáveis e ancorado em sílica. Este sistema foi testado nas reações de acoplamento de Stille e Suzuki, apresentando um bom desempenho nas duas reações (TON = 1400, em 4 horas, e 49, em 24 horas, respectivamente) sem constatação visual de lixiviação de paládio / Abstract: In this work, palladium complexes, in which phosphored ligands are ¿anchored¿ to cyclophosphazenes were synthesized. These complexes, in solution or immobilized in inorganic matrices, were tested in the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction (between phenylboronic acid and bromobenzene, for example), the Stille cross-coupling reaction (between tributylvinyltin and 3-bromotoluene) and the Heck reaction (between styrene and bromobenzene). The catalytic results obtained with the synthesized catalyst, in homogeneous phase, in the Heck reaction (TON = 3900, in 6 hours), was very good, better than those reported for a similar catalyst described in literature. In the Stille reaction, the complex, in homogeneous phase, presented an excellent result (TON = 4340, in 4 hours). In the Suzuki reaction, in homogeneous phase, the obtained TON (123, in 24 hours) was good and comparable to literature. In heterogeneous phase, with the complex encapsulated in silica matrix via the sol-gel process, the obtained results, in the first reaction as well as in the first and second recycling, are higher than those presented in literature and presented the TON close to that obtained in homogeneous phase, in the same reaction time (92, 94 and 92 respectively), without loss of performance. Prospective studies for the immobilization of the complex in silica were done. The catalyst was synthesized with ligands containing hydrolysable groups and anchored in silica. This system was tested in Stille and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions, showing a good performance in both reactions (TON = 1400, in 4 hours, and 49, in 24 hours, respectively) without visual evidence of palladium leaching / Mestrado / Quimica Inorganica / Mestre em Química

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This semestral thesis describes signal EKG, it’s origin, evaluation and device for his generation. After identification with standard course of EKG signal, was such as signal created in program language Matlab. It’s consisting of 10 sinus courses, where each of them has it’s own frequence, start phase and amplitude. Each of this part of EKG signal is beat frequence variant. Rates of it’s durations and sizes were fixed from medicin literature. Such as created program were rewritten to program language C and is basic of main program, which control signal processor. Finally was propoused preparation, which will be generated this signal. Outcome of this thesis is teoretic treatise about signal EKG, created program for generation of this course include part control and machine doing realization of biological courses.

This thesis deals with source-code migration of high-level programming languages using decompilation. A migration tool developed within the thesis is built on top of the middle-end and back-end parts of Lissom project decompiler. Several compilers generating LLVM IR code from input languages are discussed. Compilers suitable for integration to the migration tool were chosen. Compiled LLVM IR code is an input of the decompiler's optimizing middle-end. The output from the migration tool is a code in the C language or Python-like language generated by the back-end of the decompiler. The input languages are Fortran and its dialects, C/C++/Objective-C/Objective-C++, and D. The thesis describes problems connected with migration of these languages, their solutions, and ways to improve quality and readability of the produced source code.

<p>  </p> <p>Biosynthesis of fatty acids and specialized metabolites, such as polyketides, is dependent on the C-C bond forming enzymatic activity of carboxylases and <u>k</u>eto<u>s</u>ynthases (KS). Carboxylases and KS perform complex carbon-carbon bond forming reactions via a ping-pong mechanism; the catalytic interactions of which are still unclear. The KS reaction involves the Claisen condensation of an acylated enzyme with a malonyl-thioester, driven forward by the energy of the malonyl-thioester decarboxylation. Similarly, the carboxylase proceeds via a carboxyl-biotin-enzyme intermediate, and a subsequent C-C bond forming reaction. Engineering the substrate specificity of these enzyme involved in producing polyketides is sought after for the purpose of producing novel, derivative polyketides. These derivative polyketides may have serve as effective new antibiotics, of which discovery has waned. Unfortunately, incomplete understanding of protein-protein interactions, conformational changes, and substrate orientation in catalysis leads to not well informed engineering attempts. A challenge in deducing the catalytic details of enzymes acting on malonyl-thioesters in general is the hyper-reactivity of their β-ketoacid and thioester substrates, which are prone to hydrolysis and decarboxylation. Many structures of malonyl-CoA bound enzymes feature hydrolysis of the thioester, preventing determination of enzyme:substrate interactions in structure-function studies. To work around this problem of innate reactivity, groups have synthesized a variety of acyl-thioester analogs for probing the details of enzyme catalysis with mixed success. The success of these enzyme:analog mechanistic studies appears to hinge upon the similarity of the analog to the natural substrate. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of near-natural, acyl-thioester analogs, featuring single atom substitutions. Using a novel UV-vis assay, we have determined <em>K</em>i values of our analogs with paradigmatic KSs <em>E. coli</em> FabH. These <em>K</em>i values are marginally higher than the substrate <em>K</em>m values, suggesting the KSs bind the analogs as they would natural substrates. Using this information, we have conducted preliminary X-ray crystallography experiments to determine the carboxylase:analog and KS:analog catalytic interactions, which will allow for new insight into debated C-C bond forming catalytic details. The information presented in this thesis and additional studies on protein-protein interactions can be leveraged into informed engineering studies of PKS enzymes.</p>

This thesis is dealing with programming languages C and C++, various methods writing their constructions and development of application which detects very similar programs written in these languages. The application is intended to control plagiarism in school projects in which students have to create a program in C or C++. The application can check short programs as well as large programs divided into several modules.

L'encéphalomyélite myalgique (EM) aussi connue sous le nom de syndrome de fatigue chronique est une maladie multi-systémique caractérisée par une fatigue extrême et un malaise post-effort, associés à d’autres symptômes débilitants comme l’intolérance orthostatique et des troubles du sommeil. L’EM se caractérise également par des altérations au niveau du système immunitaire et des perturbations du métabolisme énergétique affectant également le métabolisme des lipides. Dans ce contexte, nous avons exploré la contribution possible de la sphingomyéline phosphodiesterase acide 3b (SMPDL3B), produite par le gène SMPDL3B, dans la pathogénèse de l’EM. Celle-ci est une protéine multifonctionnelle ancrée par un groupement glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) au niveau de la membrane des cellules. Cette enzyme a suscité notre intérêt compte tenu de son rôle dans la régulation de l'immunité innée et dans la conversion métabolique des sphingolipides en céramides. En effet, des études métabolomiques antérieures ont rapporté une réduction drastique des taux plasmatiques de céramides de 50% chez les hommes et de 86% chez les femmes souffrant d'EM. Nous proposons que l’élévation des niveaux circulants en SMPDL3B contribue à la sévérité de plusieurs symptômes chez les personnes atteintes d’EM (PAEM) via différents mécanismes. Les niveaux plasmatiques en SMPDL3B ont été mesurés par ELISA au niveau d’une cohorte prospective québécoise composée de PAEM (n=147) et de témoins sédentaires appariés pour le sexe et l’âge (n=62) n’ayant aucun antécédent familial d’EM. Nous avons également testé, par la même approche, des échantillons de plasma d’une cohorte norvégienne composée de PAEM (n=141). L’analyse de ces deux cohortes indépendantes a permis de mettre en évidence une corrélation positive entre les taux circulants en SMPDL3B et la sévérité des symptômes des PAEM. Nous avons également observé des niveaux plasmatiques plus élevés chez les PAEM atteints d’intolérance orthostatique lorsque comparés aux PAEM ne présentant pas ce symptôme. Finalement, nous avons confirmé à l’aide de la spectrométrie cellulaire diélectrique que la forme soluble de la protéine SMPDL3B peut se lier avec une haute affinité au récepteur de chimiokines CCR3 présent chez les cellules Jurkat et mis en évidence que l’occupation de ce récepteur par la chimiokine CCL11 ou un antagoniste pharmacologique pouvait augmenter la liaison de la forme soluble de la protéine SMPDL3B vers un autre récepteur membranaire qui demeure pour l’instant inconnu. Ce projet de maîtrise a permis une meilleure compréhension de la pathophysiologie de l’EM et de la contribution de la protéine SMPDL3B (forme ancrée et soluble) dans sa pathogénèse. / Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) also known as chronic fatigue syndrome is a multi-systemic disease characterized by extreme fatigue, post-exercise malaise, orthostatic intolerance, and sleep disturbances. ME is also characterized by alterations in the immune system and disturbances in energy metabolism that also affect lipid metabolism. In this context, we explored the possible contribution of sphingomyelin acid phosphodiesterase 3b, produced by the SMPDL3B gene, in the pathogenesis of ME. This is a multifunctional protein anchored by a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) group at the cell membrane. This enzyme has intrigued our interest given its role in the regulation of innate immunity and in the metabolic conversion of sphingolipids into ceramides. Indeed, previous metabolomics studies have reported a drastic reduction in plasma ceramide levels by 50% in men and 86% in women with ME. We propose that elevation of circulating levels of SMPDL3B increases the severity of several symptoms in persons with ME (PwME) via different mechanisms. Plasma levels of SMPDL3B were measured by ELISA in a Quebec cohort composed of PwME (n=147) and sedentary controls matched for sex and age (n=62) with no family history of ME. We also tested, by the same method, plasma samples from a Norwegian cohort composed of PwME (n=141). The analysis of these two independent cohorts revealed a positive correlation between SMPDL3B and the severity of PwME symptoms. We also observed higher plasma levels in PwMEs with orthostatic instability when compared to PwMEs without this symptom. Finally, we confirmed using dielectric cell spectrometry that the soluble form of the SMPDL3B protein can bind with high affinity to the CCR3 chemokine receptor present in Jurkat cells and demonstrated that the occupation of this receptor by the chemokine CCL11 or a pharmacological antagonist could increase the binding to another membrane receptor which remains unknown for the moment. This master's project allowed a better understanding of the pathophysiology of ME and the contribution of the SMPDL3B protein in its pathogenesis.

The functionalisation of C-H bonds has been widely studied in organic synthesis. This work presents the results of investigation into two areas of current research, copper-catalysed aromatic C-H functionalisation and rhodium-catalysed hydroacylation. Chapter 1 presents the development of palladium- and copper-catalysed aromatic C-H functionalisation with particular attention paid to regiocontrol. Chapter 2 describes the development of copper-catalysed cross-coupling of perfluorinated arenes and alkenyl halides along with efforts to expand this methodology to a more general reaction. In Chapter 3 the development of chelation-controlled rhodium-catalysed hydroacylation is discussed. Chapter 4 outlines the utilisation of amino acid derived N-methylthiomethyl aldehydes in rhodium-catalysed hydroacylation methodology.