Este trabalho tem dois objetivos principais. Primeiramente, analisamos a preservação de conexidade na extensão de espaços compactos por funções contínuas, técnica utilizada por Koszmider para obter $C(K)$ indecomponível com poucos operadores. Mostramos que para todo compacto metrizável $K$ existe um desconexo $L$ que é obtido a partir de $K$ por uma quantidade finita de extensões por funções contínuas. Em seguida, enfatizamos a construção de espaços de Banach da forma $C(K)$ com poucos operadores, com a propriedade de que $C(L)$ tem poucos operadores, para todo fechado $L \\subseteq K$. Assumindo o princípio diamante construímos uma família $(K_\\xi)_{\\xi < 2^{(2^\\omega)}}$ de espaços conexos e hereditariamente Koszmider tais que todo operador de $C(K_\\xi)$ em $C(K_\\eta)$ é fracamente compacto, para $\\xi$ diferente de $\\eta$. Em particular, $(C(K_\\xi))_{\\xi < 2^{(2^\\omega)}}$ é uma família de espaços de Banach indecomponíveis e dois a dois essencialmente incomparáveis, e cada espaço $K_\\xi$ responde positivamente ao problema de Efimov. Apresentamos também um método de construção via forcing de um espaço compacto e conexo $K$ hereditariamente fracamente Koszmider. / This work has two main objectives. First, we analyze the preservation of connectedness in the extension of compact spaces by continuous functions, a technique used by Koszmider to obtain an indecomposable Banach space $C(K)$ with few operators. We show that for any metrizable compactum $K$ there exists a disconnected $L$ which is obtained from $K$ by finitely many extensions by continuous functions. Next, we emphasize the construction of Banach spaces of the form $C(K)$ with the property that $C(L)$ has few operators, for every closed $L \\subseteq K$. Assuming the diamond principle we construct a family $(K_\\xi)_{\\xi < 2^{(2^\\omega)}}$ of connected and hereditarily Koszmider spaces such that every operator from $C(K_\\xi)$ into $C(K_\\eta)$ is weakly compact, for $\\xi$ different from $\\eta$. In particular, $(C(K_\\xi))_{\\xi < 2^{(2^\\omega)}}$ is a family of indecomposable and pairwise essentially incomparable Banach spaces, and each space $K_\\xi$ responds positively to the Efimov\'s problem. We also present a method of construction using forcing of a compact and connected hereditarily weakly Koszmider space $K$.

<p>Problem – The expansion of global trade and supply chain integration has put great emphasison logistics, particularly in the intermediary sector, freight forwarders. Whilst in developedcountries freight forwarders benefit from competitive markets and trade facilitatingpolicies, this sector in West coast Africa exhibits low logistics performance levels. Inorder to address such issues, one needs to analyse the problem and identify the causes; thisthesis focuses on identifying the bottlenecks in the freight-forwarding sector in west coastAfrica.Purpose – The main purpose of this study is to identify the bottleneck/s within thefreight-forwarding industry in west coast Africa, namely: Angola, Cameroon, DR of Congo,Gabon, and Nigeria.Method – This thesis employs a pre-study and case study method, to ensure sufficient collectionof relevant material, taking into account the lack of research in this subject. We usedthe material obtained from the interviews and the secondary source, to structure our purpose,research questions, and to define the case of our study.Results – The study concludes with a series of interesting findings; First, the activity of aFreight Forwarder depends on a series of factors that do not depend on the Freight Forwarderper se. And second, Freight Forwarders in order to accomplish their tasks, have accessto services that are shared by all providers, and that are beyond their control. To conclude,the study identifies infrastructure as a major bottleneck in the Freight Forwarding sector.</p>

Problem – The expansion of global trade and supply chain integration has put great emphasison logistics, particularly in the intermediary sector, freight forwarders. Whilst in developedcountries freight forwarders benefit from competitive markets and trade facilitatingpolicies, this sector in West coast Africa exhibits low logistics performance levels. Inorder to address such issues, one needs to analyse the problem and identify the causes; thisthesis focuses on identifying the bottlenecks in the freight-forwarding sector in west coastAfrica.Purpose – The main purpose of this study is to identify the bottleneck/s within thefreight-forwarding industry in west coast Africa, namely: Angola, Cameroon, DR of Congo,Gabon, and Nigeria.Method – This thesis employs a pre-study and case study method, to ensure sufficient collectionof relevant material, taking into account the lack of research in this subject. We usedthe material obtained from the interviews and the secondary source, to structure our purpose,research questions, and to define the case of our study.Results – The study concludes with a series of interesting findings; First, the activity of aFreight Forwarder depends on a series of factors that do not depend on the Freight Forwarderper se. And second, Freight Forwarders in order to accomplish their tasks, have accessto services that are shared by all providers, and that are beyond their control. To conclude,the study identifies infrastructure as a major bottleneck in the Freight Forwarding sector.

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