Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:02:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JaisaMSM_DISSERT.pdf: 1990887 bytes, checksum: 688b72060b2aca02d1c2d1bb1e83cfa0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Leachates are effluent produced by decomposition of solid waste, they have complex composition and can be highly toxic. Therefore such percolated liquid should be collected and treated properly to avoid environmental contamination of soil and of water bodies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity through ecotoxicological tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia (Cladocera - Crustacea) of percolated liquids generated in two different systems of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal in the city of Natal/ RN: A Sanitary Landfill in the Metropolitan Region of Natal/ RN, and in a dump off area. Furthermore, it was evaluated the possible contamination of the underground water of the dump off area. Two monthly samples were taken at four points between the months of May/2009 and January/2010. The Point "A" corresponds to the end of the pond leachate treatment in ASRMN; The Point "B" corresponds to a containment pond at the dump. The Point "C" is an area near one of the cells of the dump off area where the leachate outcrops; The Point "D" stands for an underground water well at the area. The last point, called "E" was sampled only once and corresponds to the slurry produced by temporary accumulation of solid waste in the open area of the dump. The ecotoxicological tests, acute and chronic, followed the ABNT 13373/2005 rules, with some modifications. The samples were characterized by measuring the pH number, the dissolved oxygen (DO), the salinity, BOD5, COD, Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, Fe, Mg, Ni, and Zn. At Point A, the average number of EC50-48h ranged between 1.0% and 2.77% (v/v), showing a high toxicity of the leachate to C.dubia in all months. To this point, positive correlations were found between the EC50- 48 with precipitation. Negative correlations were found between the EC50- 48h with salinity. At point B there was no response of the acute exposure of organisms to the test samples. At point C the EC50-48h ranged from 17.68% to 35.36% in just two months of the five ones analyzed, not correlated meaning. Point D, the EC50-48h level ranged between 12.31% and 71.27%, showed a negative correlation with, only, precipitation. Although it was observed toxicity of underground water in the Landfill Area, there was no evidence of water contamination by leachate, however, due to the toxic character of this water, additional tests should be conducted to confirm the quality of water that is used for human supply. At point E there was no acute toxicity. These results support the dangers of inappropriate disposal of MSW to water bodies due to the high toxicity of the leachate produced highlighting the necessity of places of safe confinement and a treatment system more effective to it / chorume produzido pela decomposi??o de res?duos s?lidos ? um l?quido de forma??o complexa e altamente t?xico, que deve ser coletado e tratado adequadamente para evitar contamina??o ambiental de solos e corpos aqu?ticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ecotoxicidade de efluentes gerados em dois diferentes sistemas de disposi??o de res?duos s?lidos do munic?pio de Natal/RN, bem como verificar a poss?vel contamina??o de um po?o de abastecimento de ?gua localizado em um desses sistemas, atrav?s de testes de toxicidade com Ceriodaphnia dubia (Cladocera - Crustacea). Duas coletas mensais foram realizadas em quatro pontos entre os meses de Maio/2009 e Janeiro/2010, sendo o ponto A o chorume tratado no Aterro Sanit?rio da Regi?o Metropolitana de Natal (ASRMN), o B uma lagoa de conten??o no lix?o, o C chorume que brota em uma c?lula do lix?o, o D o po?o subterr?neo no lix?o. Um ac?mulo de lixo tempor?rio a c?u aberto gerou produ??o de chorume, que foi coletado uma ?nica vez, sendo denominado ponto E. Os testes ecotoxicol?gicos agudos seguiram a norma da ABNT 13373/2005, com algumas modifica??es. As amostras foram caracterizadas medindo pH, OD, salinidade, DBO5, DQO, Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, Fe, Mg, Ni, e Zn. No ponto A, a m?dia da EC50-48h variou entre 1,0% e 2,77% (v/v), mostrando uma alta toxicidade do percolado para a C.dubia em todos os meses. Uma correla??o positiva foi encontrada entre o EC50-48h com a precipita??o, uma negativa com a salinidade. No ponto B n?o houve resposta aguda. No ponto C a CE50-48h variou de 17,68% a 35,36% em apenas dois meses dos cinco analisados e n?o apresentou correla??o significativa. No ponto D a CE50-48h variou entre 12,31% e 71,27% e mostrou uma correla??o negativa apenas com a precipita??o. Os valores dos par?metros f?sico-qu?micos do ponto D n?o indicam contamina??o da ?gua pelo chorume produzido no lix?o, por?m, devido ao car?ter t?xico dessa ?gua, testes complementares devem ser feitos para confirmar a qualidade da ?gua que ? usada para abastecimento humano. No ponto E n?o houve toxicidade aguda. Os resultados afirmam o perigo do descarte inadequado de RSU para os corpos aqu?ticos devido sua alta toxicidade e a necessidade de um sistema de tratamento mais eficaz no ASRMN

Six reagent waters, eleven diets, and two culture sizes were evaluated for culturing C. dubia. Different filtration techniques were used to prepare the reagent waters. The eleven diets were comprised of two algae augmented with eight supplements. Reproduction and growth were assessed to discern differences among C. dubia raised in mass cultures and cultured in individual cups, during which, bacterial population densities, lipid, protein, and carbohydrate concentrations of the diets were measured. Results showed that a glass-distilled, carbon filtered, deionized reagent water and a Selenastrum capricornutum- Cerophyl® diet were optimum for culturing. Mass culturing supported the highest reproduction and growth, while no correlation was found between nutritional measurements and production.

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