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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Σχεδιασμός ηλεκτρολογικής εγκατάστασης και ακουστικής μελέτης μουσείου με την [sic] βοήθεια υπολογιστή

Καΐσης, Νίκος 20 October 2010 (has links)
Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αφορά τη σχεδίαση της εσωτερικής ηλεκτρολογικής εγκατάστασης στα αρχιτεκτονικά σχέδια μουσείου και στην ακουστική μελέτη αμφιθεάτρου εντός του μουσείου. Για την σχεδίαση της ηλεκτρολογικής εσωτερικής εγκατάστασης χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα σύμβολα και οι κανονισμοί από τον ΕΛΛΟΤ HD 384. Για την κατασκευή των ηλεκτρολογικών σχεδίων χρησιμοποιήθηκε το λογισμικό Autocad 2008 και για την ακουστική μελέτη το λογισμικό CATT-Acoustic v7.2l, το οποίο είναι ένας προσομοιωτής μοντέλου ακουστικής χώρου. Η διπλωματική εργασία χωρίζεται σε 4 κεφάλαια όπου στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο γίνεται μια γενική περιγραφή για την Ε.Η.Ε., γενικές οδηγίες-κανονισμοί και αναφορά στα διάφορα καλώδια και αγωγούς που χρησιμοποιούνται. Στο 2ο κεφάλαιο, εξετάζονται στοιχεία φωτοτεχνίας και εξηγείται αναλυτικά η σημαντικότητα της χρήσης του σωστού είδους τεχνητού φωτισμού στα μουσεία και στις προθήκες τους. Στην συνέχεια, στο 3ο κεφάλαιο γίνεται η παρουσίαση του κάθε ηλεκτρικού κυκλώματος που σχεδιάστηκε και τί αγωγοί, ασφάλειες και συσκευές προτείνονται για την υλοποίηση του. Στο 4ο κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζεται θεωρία ακουστικής και στο 5ο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η μεθοδολογία που ακολουθήθηκε, με τη χρήση του λογισμικού CATT- Acoustic, για τη διεξαγωγή της ακουστική μελέτης. Τέλος στο 6ο κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα και τα συμπεράσματα της ακουστικής προσομοίωσης. / The present dissertation's subject is the design of internal electrical installation for the architectural plans of a museum, as well as the acoustic study of an amphitheatre inside the museum premises. For the design of this internal electrical installation symbols and regulations from ELOT HD 384 were used. The construction of the electrical plans was done on the software AUTOCAD 2008 and the acoustic study was done using the CATT-acoustic v.32, which is a software for simulating room acoustic. The dissertation is divided in 4 chapters, where in the first chapter a general description of the internal electrical installation is given, general instructions and regulations and reference to cables and wires that are used. In the 2nd chapter, elements of light are examined and the importance of using the correct kind of technical light in museums and their show-cases is explained thoroughly. Next, in the 3rd chapter, every electrical circuit that is designed is presented with the appropriate cables fuses and appliances for its implementation. In the 4th chapter, the acoustic theory is explained and in the 5th chapter the methodology followed for the acoustic simulation, with the use of the logismic CATT-Acoustic, is presented. Finally, in the 6th chapter the results of the acoustic simulation are presented and analyzed.
2

Urbana skolgårdar med god ljudmiljö : Akustiska aspekter på skolgårdens design och funktion / Urban schoolyards with god sound environment : Acoustic aspects of their design och function

Leidholdt, Hanna January 2019 (has links)
Barn förväntas kunna leka, vila och lära sig på skolgården, men ljudnivåerna är ofta höga. Det ger upphov till frågan om ljudmiljön på skolgårdar ligger på lämpliga nivåer för dessa tre aktiviteter och hur den kan anpassas. Syftet med examensarbetet är att identifiera vad en lämplig ljudmiljö på skolgårdens olika platser är och att identifiera vilka åtgärder och designverktyg som kan användas för att förbättra ljudmiljön. Undersökning av hur och i vilken utsträckning en ljudmiljö kan modifieras för att göra den lämplig för utomhusundervisning utförs också. Examensarbetet avgränsas till grundskolor för barn mellan sex och sexton år och hur skolgården kan anpassas till barn i den åldern. Relevanta studier om hur ljud och ljudmiljö påverkar barns hälsa, inlärnings- och prestationsförmåga undersöktes för att identifiera kriterier för de tre funktionerna: (1) lek, (2) rekreation och (3) pedagogisk verksamhet. Genom att studera både forskning om den akustiska effekten av olika designverktyg och forskning om miljöer för barn identifieras akustiska designverktyg som kan användas för skolgårdar. Slutligen analyserades möjligheten att anpassa olika områden på skolgården för de tre funktionerna genom att modellera i CATT-Acoustic och genom att undersöka ljudmiljön på två befintliga innerstadsskolor som ett ljudlandskap. I CATT-Acoustic användes parametrarna efterklangstid, T20, ljudförstärkning, G, och Speech Transmission Index, STI. Resultatet var att en lämplig ljudmiljö anpassad till (1) lek kan ha en låg taltydlighet (STI mellan 0,46 och 0,66),  en begränsad efterklangstid (T20 under 1,2 s) och är öppen med en ljuddämpande markyta, (2) rekreation har en kort efterklangstid T20 under 0,5 s), en begränsad ekvivalent ljudnivå Leq under 50 dBA) och absorberande eller ojämna ytor i sin omgivning och (3) undervisning bör integreras inom skolgården och bestå av platser där undervisning och annan verksamhet kan äga rum. Där föreslås T20 vara 0,5 s,  Leq  under 50 dBA och absorberande ytor som ger bra förutsättningar för röstkommunikation och lärande. Minst en plats föreslås vara en mötesplats som uppfyller kriterierna för undervisning som förstärker tal genom att ha en reflekterande yta placerad bakom talarens position och vara avskärmad av en absorberande vägg. Undersökningen visade att designen av skolgården och platsen för verksamheten i förhållande till skolgårdsväggarna kan förbättra ljudmiljön. Genom mjuka markmaterial (gräs, sand och grus), indelning av skolgården i flera zoner med exempelvis växtbeklädda barriärer och avskärmning från ljud utanför skolgården, kan ljudmiljön förbättras. Bullriga aktiviteter kan placeras längre bort från reflekterande ytor och ett rekreationsområde kan skapas genom absorberande ytor och diffusa skärmar. Undervisningen kan ske på många olika platser där minst en kan vara nära en reflekterande vägg som förstärker talet. / Children are expected to be able to play, rest and have lessons in schoolyards. This made me interested in investigating if the sound environment in schoolyards is at suitable levels for these three activities. The purpose of my master’s thesis was to identify what a suitable sound environment in the different areas of a schoolyard is, and to identify measures and design tools that can be used to improve the sound environment. I also investigate in what extent a sound environment can be modified to make it suitable for outdoor education. The thesis focuses on schools with six- to sixteen-year-old pupils and how children this age are affected by the sound environment. Relevant studies on how sound and the sound environment affect children’s health, learning and performance skills were examined to identify criteria for the three functions: (1) play, (2) recreation and (3) educational activities. By studying research about design tools and their acoustic effect on the one hand and studies about environments for children on the other hand I identified acoustic design tools which could be used in schoolyards. At last I analysed the possibility to adjust different areas for the three functions. I analysed the sound environment on two inner city schools as a “soundscape” and modelled sound distribution in an open space similar to inner-city schoolyards in CATT-Acoustic and used the parameters reverberance time (RT), gain (G) and Speech Transmission Index (STI). As result of this master’s thesis an appropriate sound environment in an area for (1) play has a lower speech understanding (STI between 0.46 and 0.66), has a limited reverberation time (RT under 1,2 s) and open with a sound-damping ground surface (2) recreation has a short reverbaration time (RT under 0.5 s), limited equivalent noise level (Leq under 50 dBA) and a lot of absorbent or diffuse surfaces in its surroundings (3) teaching should be integrated in the schoolyard as places where teaching and other activities can take place. There you should find 0.5 s RT, under 50 dBA Leq and absorbent surfaces that provide good conditions for voice communication and learning. At least one place is proposed to be a meeting place that meets the criteria for teaching and amplifies speech by having a reflective surface placed behind the speaker position and shielded by some absorbent wall. It is found that the design of the schoolyard and the location of the activities in relation to the schoolyard walls can improve the sound environment. The sound environment can be improved through especially soft ground materials (grass, sand and gravel), subdivision of the schoolyard into smaller areas, while using sound absorbing noise barriers which can be combined with planting and protect from noise from outside the schoolyard. Noisy activities can be placed further away from reflective areas and an area for recreation can be created through absorbent surfaces and diffuse screens. Teaching can take place in many different places where at least one of the places can be close to one reflective wall that amplifies the speech.

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