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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Implicações do polimorfismo genético de cyp1a1, gstm1 e gstt1 na suscetibilidade do carcinoma espinocelular da laringe / Implications of genetic polymorphism of CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 in susceptibility of squamous cell carcinoma laryngeal

Silva Junior, Raimundo Lima da 30 May 2008 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-09-12T20:26:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Raimundo Lima da Silva Junior - 2008.pdf: 5070455 bytes, checksum: 3393ae35ddba4af1c14d43ce110ef279 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-15T12:45:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Raimundo Lima da Silva Junior - 2008.pdf: 5070455 bytes, checksum: 3393ae35ddba4af1c14d43ce110ef279 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-15T12:45:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Raimundo Lima da Silva Junior - 2008.pdf: 5070455 bytes, checksum: 3393ae35ddba4af1c14d43ce110ef279 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The larynx is a tubular organ of the aerodigestive tract whose main function is the production of voice, in addition to tasks related to the protection of the lower airways and swallowing food. The squamous cell carcinoma presents itself as a multifactorial disease and epigenetic being influenced by environmental factors, behavioural and relate to the individual. Several polymorphic genes that encode enzymes involved in the biotransformation of the carcinogens have been associated to the development of cancer, especially in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck. The CYP1A1m, GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes which catalyzes the oxidation of PAHs in phenolic and epoxides products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological data of patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx from the Cancer Registry of Population basis of Goiânia and from Association of Cancer Combat in Goiânia, analyzing data from 63 medical records followed in a period of 6 year; establish the allelic profiles of the gene CYP1A1m, GSTM1 and GSTT1 in casecontrol groups investigating the degrees of suscetibility of patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx, according to smoking and alcoholism habits. In total 112 samples were evaluated, 63 from patients with SCC of the larynx and 49 patients in the control group. The CEC of the larynx was about 3,5 times more frequent in men than in women. The rate of survival on general was approximately 66% to 6 years. The smoking and ethilic habits associated have a significantly lower survival. No significant differences were found in the staging analysis and treatment of patients. Were found allelic frequencies of CYP1A1m1 of 52,4% (34/62) and 63,3% (31/49) for the wild allele T and 44,4% (28/62) and 34,7% (18/49) for the mutant allele C. There were no statistically significant associations between allelic variants and genotypic CYP1A1m1 with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Positive genotypic frequencies were observed for the genes GSTM1 and GSTT1 of 41.3% (26/63) and 54.0% (34/63) to the patients with laryngeal cancer, and 49,0% (24/49) and 51,0% (25/49) for the control group, respectively. For the assessment of genotype GSTM1 (null) and GSTT1 (null), the patients if the case group had 58,7% (37/63) and 46,0% (29/63) of genotypes for GSTM1 null and GSTT1, while the patients in the control group showed 51,0% (25/49) and 40,8% (20/49). There was no statistically significance in associations of genotypic variants GSTM1 (null) and GSTT1 (null) with the larynx squamous cell carcinoma. In this context, an experimental study was accomplished in the intention of evaluating the function of the genes Cyp and Gst in the metabolism of the Cyclophosphamide. This study addressed the Cyclophosphamide toxicological evaluation and analysis of the polymorphism of Cyp2a29 and Gstp1 BALB/c genes in mice, correlating them with the toxicity of drugs through the assessment of organs commonly affected. It was determinated the DL50 of the 474mg/kg. Subsequently, another 40 mice were used on the assessment of the genetic polymorphism of genes Cyp2a29 and Gstp1. As for toxicity, cyclophosphamide caused reduction in body weight at different doses and kidneys, spleen, liver, heart and lungs. The animals that received a dose of 500mg/Kg died in 24 hours, three animals with a dose of 250mg/Kg died the end of one week. The evaluation of toxicity showed changes of varying degrees of congestion observed in the spleen, liver and heart. There were not found statistically significant differences between the frequencies of allelic and genotypic to Cyp2a29 and Gstp1 in groups of animals studied. This observation should be probably the characteristic line BALB/c are isogenic. Studies that make the use se of tests of genetic suscetibility, epidemic evaluation, combined to the evaluation anatomopathological they allow the study of the interaction genetic atmosphere and a possible standardization of various chemotherapy protocols for treatment. / A laringe é um órgão tubular do trato aerodigestivo cuja principal função é a produção da voz, além de funções relacionadas com a proteção das vias aéreas inferiores e deglutição alimentar. O carcinoma de células escamosas (CEC) de laringe apresenta-se como uma doença multifatorial e epigenética sendo influenciada por fatores ambientais, comportamentais e inerentes ao indivíduo. Vários genes polimórficos que codificam enzimas envolvidas na biotransformação de carcinógenos têm sido associados ao desenvolvimento de câncer, sobretudo no carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço. Os genes CYP1A1m1, GSTM1 e GSTT1 são fundamentais no processo de detoxificação de Poli - Hidrocarbonetos Aromáticos (PHA) e de diversas moléculas endógenas, facilitando o seu metabolismo e excreção. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram de avaliar os dados epidemiológicos de pacientes diagnosticados com CEC da laringe do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia (RCBP) da Associação de Combate ao Câncer em Goiás (ACCG), analisando os dados de 63 prontuários acompanhados num período de 6 anos; estabelecer os perfis alélicos dos genes CYP1A1m1, GSTM1 e GSTT1 em grupos caso-controle investigando os graus de suscetibilidade dos pacientes diagnosticados com CEC de laringe, segundo hábitos tabagistas e etilistas. Ao total foram avaliadas 112 amostras, sendo 63 provenientes de pacientes com CEC da laringe e 49 de pacientes do grupo controle. O CEC da laringe se mostrou cerca de 3,5 vezes mais freqüente em homens que em mulheres. A taxa de sobrevida relativa geral foi de aproximadamente 66% para 6 anos. Os hábitos tabagista e etilista concomitantes apresentam uma sobrevida consideravelmente menor. Foram encontradas freqüências alélicas para CYP1A1m1 de 52,4% (34/62) e 63,3% (31/49) para o alelo selvagem T e 44,4% (28/62) e 34,7% (18/49) para o alelo mutante C. Não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas das variantes alélicas e genotípicas CYP1A1m1 para o CEC da laringe. Quanto aos genes GSTM1 e GSTT1 foram observadas freqüências genotípicas positivas para os genes GSTM1 e GSTT1 de 41,3% (26/63) e 54,0% (34/63) para os pacientes com carcinomas laríngeos, e de 49,0% (24/49) e 51,0% (25/49) para o grupo controle, respectivamente. Para a avaliação do genótipo GSTM1 (nulo) e GSTT1 (nulo), os pacientes do grupo caso apresentaram 58,7% (37/63) e 46,0% (29/63) de genótipos nulos para GSTM1 e GSTT1, enquanto que os pacientes do grupo controle apresentaram 51,0% (25/49) e 40,8% (20/49). Não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas das variantes genotípicas GSTM1 (nulo) e GSTT1 (nulo) para o CEC da laringe. Neste contexto, foi realizado um estudo experimental no intuito de avaliar o papel dos genes Cyp e Gst no metabolismo da ciclofosfamida. Tal estudo abordou avaliações toxicológicas da Ciclofosfamida e a análise do polimorfismo dos genes Cyp2a29 e Gstp1 em camundongos BALB/c e correlacionando-os com a toxicidade da droga através da avaliação dos órgãos comumente afetados. A DL50 da droga observada em 40 camundongos foi de 474mg/Kg. Posteriormente, outros 40 camundongos foram utilizados na avaliação do polimorfismo genético dos genes Cyp2a29 e Gstp1. Quanto à toxicidade, a ciclofosfamida ocasionou redução da massa corporal nos rins, baço, fígado, coração e pulmões. A avaliação da toxicidade demonstrou alterações de diferentes graus de congestão observados no baço, fígado e coração. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as freqüências alélicas e genotípicas de Cyp2a29 e Gstp1 nos grupos dos animais estudados. Estudos que preconizem a utilização de testes toxicológicos combinados à avaliação anatomopatológica e investigação da variabilidade genética permitem a padronização de protocolos de tratamento de diversos quimioterápicos.

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