This paper aims to explore the relationship between China's investment in Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) and China-CEECs trade. Since the 1950s, the research on the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign trade has become one of the topics of theoretical and empirical analysis. Many scholars have conducted extensive studies on the relationship between FDI and trade from different perspectives and theoretical and empirical perspectives. Under the background of "the Belt and Road", the CEECs, as important trading partners in this strategy, have gradually expanded their trade with China. This paper explores the current situation and characteristics of China's direct investment and trade with the CEECs from the perspective of the relationship between FDI and foreign trade. The development of China's direct investment and trade with the CEECs is explored from the perspectives of total volume, country, and products by qualitative analysis. Meanwhile, the trade gravity model is established to empirically analyze the influence of China's direct investment in the CEECs on China-CEECs trade scale from the three aspects of total trade volume, export, and import. The results show that China's direct investment in the CEECs has a long-term positive effect on the scale of...

Cette thèse se propose de répondre à la question suivante: quels sont les facteurs qui influencent les décisions stratégiques de la politique étrangère roumaine? Il y a trois séries de facteurs qui ont été considérées. La première concerne les facteurs liées aux héritages historiques, qui sont examinés sous le double aspect des évènements concrets et des mentalités. La deuxième série de facteurs se réfère aux influences internes sur la prise des décisions: architecture institutionnelle et légale, partage des compétences, relations informelles entre les détenteurs des fonctions relevantes pour la politique étrangère roumaine, partis politiques et opinion publique. Finalement, la troisième série de variables concerne les facteurs externes au système politique. Deux dimensions sont ici examinées: une dimension géopolitique, qui vise la distribution de la puissance, et une dimension institutionnelle, qui détermine le poids des organisations internationales et régionales dans la prise des décisions.

The aim of this paper is to estimate the effect of FDI and trade openness on wages in the CEECs in the post-transition era. We utilize a cross-country sector-specific eceonometric analysis based on one-digit level panel data for manufacturing industry in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, for the period of 2000-2004. The results suggest that the increases in productivity are reflected in wages only to a modest extent, even in the long-term, leading to a steady decline in the share of labor in manufacturing industry in almost all sub-sectors in all countries. Meanwhile, the high significant and negative effect of unemployment on wages shows that the labor market is flexible in terms of wage flexibility. FDI has a positive effect on wages only in the capital and skill intensive sectors. The results also show that the increase in trade with EU did not lead to positive prospects for wages in manufacturing industry, contrary to the expectations of pro-market policies and traditional trade theory. The long-term net effect of exports and imports is negative, suggesting that integration of CEECs to EU via trade liberalization have worked at the expense of labor. (author's abstract) / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

This thesis makes a comparative analysis of financial assistances provided to Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) and Turkey by the European Union (EU) prior and pursuant to candidacy. Furthermore, the thesis argues results obtained through comparison of financial assistances provided to CEECs and Turkey by the EU within the framework of integration theories and examines the place of Turkey within the enlargement perspective of the EU by addressing arguments that are dominant in the literature in relation to European integration theories. The major argument of the thesis is that Turkey has not been treated equally with CEECs as regards financial assistance provided by the EU. As a justification for this, it is assumed that ideational factors have an impact on the enlargement perspective of the EU and they are determinant in the stance of EU towards Turkey.

Our research reveals the impact of foreign direct investment on the intensity of bilateral trade in the Central Eastern European (CEE) region, focusing on countries of Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Estonia (CEE-6). Previous literature and research results indicate that there is a complementary or substitute relationship between FDI and trade. However, the studies of this subject on the CEE region are scarce. Our study employs the gravity model to analyze the impact of FDI on bilateral trade with panel data of each country from 2005 to 2019. Based on the panel data, we investigate the commercial integration among CEE-6 and with main EU commercial partners. Our results suggest a prevalence of complementary relationships in Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia, yet each country demonstrates the relationship through different facts. The complementary relationship is attributed to the prevalent vertical FDI in CEECs, especially in the automotive industry. However, Estonia displays a substitutive relationship between outward FDI and trade. Moreover, we find the commercial integration only exists among the Visegrad group.

Bien que les pays de l’Europe Centrale et Orientale montrent de plus en plus des similitudes structurelles avec des pays développés, leurs économies restent vulnérables aux facteurs d’instabilité financière caractéristiques aux pays en développement. La présence de ces vulnérabilités a conduit aux débats sur les avantages de l’adhésion rapide à l’Union Economique et Monétaire (UEM). Traditionnellement, selon de la Théorie des Zones Monétaires Optimales, l’adoption de l’euro peut être bénéfique éliminant le risque du taux de change, donnant un meilleur accès au financement externe et atténuant l’impact des crises financières. De l’autre côté, l’abandon de l’autonomie de la politique monétaire et du taux de change prive les autorités nationales d’une marge de manœuvre dans le cas où le pays soit touché par les chocs asymétriques (d’offre) ou sa réponse aux chocs symétriques diverge de celle de la zone monétaire. L’objective de cette thèse est de déterminer les vulnérabilités financières des PECO et le degré d’asymétrie de leurs économies afin de participer aux débats sur la stratégie d’adhésion à l’euro. / Although the Central and Eastern European countries show in many respects increasing similarities to developed economies they still present some characteristics pointing to potential sources of increased financial vulnerability. The presence of these vulnerabilities has raised the discussion about whether early euro adoption could represent an effective policy remedy for the CEECs’ economies. Traditionally, in the sense of the Optimum Currency Area (OCA) Theory, the arguments vary between two points of view. On the one side, the EMU adhesion would have a beneficial effect eliminating exchange rate risks, giving a better access to external financing and attenuating the impact of financial crises. On the other side, EMU membership may not protect these countries against asymmetric shocks. In fact, in the case of (real) asymmetric shocks or asymmetric response to common (real and nominal) shocks, the output and employment costs of the euro adoption could be very high. The objective of this dissertation is to study these issues, focusing first on potential source of financial vulnerabilities, and then to assess the degree of the CEECs’ shock asymmetry to participate in debates on the euro adoption.

Cette thèse se propose de répondre à la question suivante: quels sont les facteurs qui influencent les décisions stratégiques de la politique étrangère roumaine? Il y a trois séries de facteurs qui ont été considérées. La première concerne les facteurs liées aux héritages historiques, qui sont examinés sous le double aspect des évènements concrets et des mentalités. La deuxième série de facteurs se réfère aux influences internes sur la prise des décisions: architecture institutionnelle et légale, partage des compétences, relations informelles entre les détenteurs des fonctions relevantes pour la politique étrangère roumaine, partis politiques et opinion publique. Finalement, la troisième série de variables concerne les facteurs externes au système politique. Deux dimensions sont ici examinées: une dimension géopolitique, qui vise la distribution de la puissance, et une dimension institutionnelle, qui détermine le poids des organisations internationales et régionales dans la prise des décisions. / Doctorat en sciences politiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The aim of the present study has been to investigate how titles of social rank used in Tudor and Stuart England are modified by attributive adjectives in pre-adjacent position and the implications that become possible to observe. Using the Corpus of Early English Correspondence Sampler (CEECS) the present work set out to examine adjectival modification, gender perspectives and MI (Mutual Information) scores in order to gain a deeper understanding of how and why titles were modified in certain ways. The titles under scrutiny are Lord, Lady, Sir, Dame, Madam, Master and Mistress and these have been analysed following theories and frameworks pertaining to the scientific discipline of sociohistorical linguistics.    The findings of the present study suggest that male titles were modified more frequently than, and differently from, female titles. The adjectives used as pre-modifiers, in turn, stem from different semantic domains which reveals differences in attitudes from the language producers towards the referents and in what traits are described regarding the holders of the titles. Additionally, a type/token ratio investigation reveals that the language producers were keener on using a more varied vocabulary when modifying female titles and less so when modifying male titles. The male terms proved to be used more formulaically than the female terms, as well. Lastly, an analysis of MI scores concludes that the most frequent collocations are not necessarily the most relevant ones.    A discussion regarding similarities and differences to other studies is carried out, as well, which, further, is accompanied by suggestions for future research.