No description available.

With the culture of marine fish species increasing, interest in ways to combat infection in these species has grown. One such avenue is the search for novel antimicrobials. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are host derived molecules with a significant role in innate immune responses and have been studied extensively in mammals. Well known AMP families include β-defensins, cathelicidins, liver expressed antimicrobial peptides and, specific to fish, the piscidins. While these molecules have been found in some fish species mining of expressed sequence tag (EST) databases was carried out to identify them in other fishes. In this study we have found new members of the β-defensin, cathelicidin and piscidin families of AMPs, while also identifying new hepcidins and LEAP-2 molecules in a diverse range of fish species. The rest of this thesis focused on one major AMP family, the cathelicidins, which in fish have been mainly identified in salmonids. They are stored in secondary granules of neutrophils as inactive pro-peptides and when infection occurs, a cleavage event releases the active mature form that effects microbicidal activity. Characterization of the cathelicidin genes present in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) was undertaken. A number of ESTs with significant homology to cathelicidins were found in Atlantic cod. Primers were designed to amplify these sequences by PCR in both gadoid species, and the gene products were cloned and sequenced. One and two cathelicidin genes were identified in cod (gmCath1) and haddock (maCath1; maCath2), respectively, which differ in the length of their active mature peptides. Gadoid cathelicidins were constitutively expressed in many tissues and were upregulated by a range of immunostimulants. Analysis of the gmCath1 promoter revealed numerous putative transcription factor binding sites, some of which were used in an expression vector construct to show upregulation of gene expression when stimulated with the viral RNA mimic Poly I:C. Synthetic and recombinant gadoid cathelicidins were produced but did not appear to display antimicrobial activity, so this requires further investigation. The discovery of new members of the major AMP families in such a diverse range of fish species bodes well for future research into the use of these antimicrobials as potential disease control molecules in the aquaculture industry. Particularly for Atlantic cod this is crucial as the major cod farms in Norway are experiencing difficulties with bacterial infections for which there is no vaccine at present.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

The purpose of the study was to investigate how different types of filtrates (oxidized and unoxidized) would effect on oxygen delignification for softwood pulp, as well as study its impact on yield final-pH, viscosity and kappa number.

[...] Interest in the lake was stimulated by reports of Baffin Island Eskimos fishing 'giant' cod in the lake. Scientific studies were begun in 1951 when the M.V. 'Calanus' of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada was working in the Frobisher Bay area under the leadership of M.J. Dunbar. A one-day survey revealed a unique ecological situation, and subsequent investigations were made during the summer of 1952 when a two man party was landed there from the M.V. 'Calanus' for 36 days, and during the summers of 1957, 1962, and 1965 when more extensive studies were carried out by I.A. McLaren. The material for this thesis was collected during these expeditions. [...]

Seafood is a global commodity of growing importance. The present study examined contributions to global warming from three significant seafood product chains. Each of these systems were relatively fuel efficient compared to fuel intensities reported for other fisheries globally. As such, processing and transportation phases made relatively important contributions to the overall global warming impact of these systems. Energy inputs to processing were important, as was the emission-intensity of the energy format used. In the context of interest regarding the food miles concept as an indicator of sustainability, results revealed that rather the mode of transport, not the distance travelled, was the most important factor in determining overall greenhouse gas emissions from transportation. Results indicate that further research evaluating the complete supply chain of seafood products (not only the fishing phase) may reveal important opportunities for emission reductions.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- McMaster University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available via World Wide Web,

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1963. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 40-47).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references.