Submitted by Mariana Manzini (mariana_gurian@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-12-11T16:46:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_Mariana_Gurian_Manzini_2017_versao completa final pdf.pdf: 6911586 bytes, checksum: 0b6992133123be652db4a4583a06d181 (MD5) / Rejected by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com), reason: Faltou carta comprovante on 2018-02-01T18:40:55Z (GMT) / Submitted by Mariana Manzini (mariana_gurian@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-02-01T19:30:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 tese_Mariana_Gurian_Manzini_2017_versao final fevereiro pdf.pdf: 6908278 bytes, checksum: 1c43e652bc257fe09a81f5c42d686309 (MD5) doc assinado orientadora autodepositro.pdf: 200064 bytes, checksum: c182b3771551dd731123be649cf16dba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2018-02-01T19:33:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 tese_Mariana_Gurian_Manzini_2017_versao final fevereiro pdf.pdf: 6908278 bytes, checksum: 1c43e652bc257fe09a81f5c42d686309 (MD5) doc assinado orientadora autodepositro.pdf: 200064 bytes, checksum: c182b3771551dd731123be649cf16dba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2018-02-01T19:34:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 tese_Mariana_Gurian_Manzini_2017_versao final fevereiro pdf.pdf: 6908278 bytes, checksum: 1c43e652bc257fe09a81f5c42d686309 (MD5) doc assinado orientadora autodepositro.pdf: 200064 bytes, checksum: c182b3771551dd731123be649cf16dba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-01T19:38:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 tese_Mariana_Gurian_Manzini_2017_versao final fevereiro pdf.pdf: 6908278 bytes, checksum: 1c43e652bc257fe09a81f5c42d686309 (MD5) doc assinado orientadora autodepositro.pdf: 200064 bytes, checksum: c182b3771551dd731123be649cf16dba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Introduction: Children with complex communication needs benefit from rehabilitation programs directed to the orientation and instrumentalization of the user, the family and the school. Objective: To elaborate, implement and analyze the effectiveness of an individualized alternative communication program for children with nonverbal cerebral palsy applied together in three of their daily life contexts: school, residential and clinical. Method: The participants were: 03 children diagnosed with cerebral palsy with their respective interlocutors from the contexts already mentioned: teachers, family members and therapists. The research was carried out at the children's school, at the residence of the participants and at an outpatient school unit linked to a university. To reach the objectives of the research was the design of multiple probes by situations (clinical, home and school) involving 2 phases probing and intervention. The instruments for data collection used were: Protocol of characterization of the participants, Interview script with the interlocutors on the communicative abilities of the child, Protocol for selection of the figures, Road map to analyze the perception of the interlocutors on the implementation of the supplementary communication and / or alternative and Questionnaire of social validity. The data collection and analysis were structured in 5 phases: Phase 1 Initial Survey: Knowledge of the characteristics of the participants and the initial repertoire, Phase 2, 3, 4 Intervention: Theoretical, practical training and preparation of the alternative communication resource and Phase 5 Final Score: Final Score of the acquired skills. Results: The results demonstrated: (1) demand for improvements in the communication of the interlocutors (of the 3 contexts) for failing to recognize the needs and desires of the children needing alternative resources to make this communication meaningful and effective; (2) lack of repertoire of participants' input in relation to alternative communication; (3) that the Multiple Probe Design allowed to carry out a planned intervention, in order to guarantee control of the variables; (4) acquisition of new communicative skills by the children and (5) that from the instrumentalization of the participants the act of "changing a pictographic figure by its corresponding object" took place, which made it possible for the child and the interlocutors to use the alternative communication features with independence, functionality and low level of help. Conclusion: The implementation of an individualized alternative communication program aimed at the interlocutors of children with nonverbal cerebral palsy in three of their development contexts favored the increase of the communicative abilities of these children and promoted changes in the behavior of children in the three contexts (school, clinic and house). Through the results, the research revealed that the Alternative Communication Program was effective in the intervention strategies adopted. / Introdução: Crianças com necessidades complexas de comunicação se beneficiam de programas de reabilitação direcionados à orientação e instrumentalização do usuário, da família e da escola. Objetivo: Elaborar, implementar e analisar a eficácia de um programa individualizado de comunicação alternativa para crianças com paralisia cerebral não verbais aplicado em conjunto em três de seus contextos de vida diária: escolar, residencial e clínico. Método: Os participantes da pesquisa foram: 03 crianças com diagnóstico de paralisia cerebral com seus respectivos interlocutores dos contextos já citados: professores, familiares e terapeutas. A pesquisa foi realizada na escola das crianças, na residência dos participantes e num ambulatório-escola vinculado à uma universidade. Para alcançar os objetivos da pesquisa foi utilizado o delineamento de múltiplas sondagens por situações (clínica, domiciliar e escolar) envolvendo 2 fases sondagem e intervenção. Os instrumentos para coleta de dados utilizados foram: Protocolo de caracterização dos participantes, Roteiro de entrevista com os interlocutores sobre as habilidades comunicativas da criança, Protocolo para seleção das figuras, Roteiro para analisar a percepção dos interlocutores sobre a implementação da comunicação suplementar e/ou alternativa e Questionário de validade social. A coleta e a análise de dados foram estruturadas em 5 fases: Fase 1 Sondagem Inicial: Conhecimento das características dos participantes e do repertório inicial, Fase 2, 3, 4 Intervenção: Capacitação teórica, prática e Confecção do recurso de comunicação alternativa e Fase 5 Sondagem Final: Avaliação Final das habilidades adquiridas. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram: (1) demanda por melhorias na comunicação dos interlocutores (dos 3 contextos) por não conseguirem reconhecer as necessidades e desejos das crianças necessitando de recursos alternativos para tornar esta comunicação significativa e eficaz; (2) ausência de repertório de entrada dos participantes perante a temática da comunicação alternativa; (3) que o delineamento de múltipla sondagem permitiu realizar uma intervenção planejada, de modo a garantir controle das variáveis; (4) aquisição de novas habilidades comunicativas por parte das crianças e (5) que a partir da instrumentalização dos participantes o ato de “trocar uma figura pictográfica pelo seu objeto correspondente” efetivou-se, o que possibilitou que a criança e os interlocutores utilizassem os recursos de comunicação alternativa com independência, funcionalidade e baixo nível de ajuda. Conclusão: A implementação de um programa individualizado de comunicação alternativa dirigido aos interlocutores de crianças com paralisia cerebral não verbais em três de seus contextos de desenvolvimento favoreceu o aumento das habilidades comunicativas destas crianças e promoveu modificações no comportamento das crianças nos três contextos (escola, clínica e casa). Por meio dos resultados, a pesquisa revelou que o Programa de Comunicação Alternativa foi eficaz nas estratégias de intervenção adotadas. / FAPESP/CAPES: 2014/17741-6

À l'heure où le besoin en Compétences Communicatives Interculturelles est souvent affirmé j pour des cadres impatriés et expatriés par les entreprises internationales œuvrant en milieu professionnel multiculturel, les facteurs déclencheurs susceptibles de les développer sont aujourd'hui mal connus. Cette thèse ambitionne de comprendre comment se construisent ces compétences chez les cadres mobiles dans deux pays : la France et le Maroc.La problématique qui guide la recherche concerne le rôle de la dimension interculturelle dans la formation des adultes en s'attachant à définir la place de la formation initiale et continue en langues étrangères^et celle de la formation continue formelle et informelle en communication interculturelle. L'étude ne s'arrête pas au niveau de l'approche langagière ni au niveau de ce qui se met en jeu lors de la communication interculturelle, mais bien à l'analyse des processus d'apprentissage (du côtés des apprenants), de l'enseignement (du côté des formateurs interculturels) et de leur organisation (du côté des responsables de formation). La thèse a ancré le cadre de la formation des professionnels dans une démarche interculturelle. Une telle démarche revient à opposer les modèles culturalistes qui privilégient la comparaison entre les cultures et la conception de la culture comme une donnée biologique pour, ainsi, s'inscrire dans une approche qui privilégie l'interrelation et la dynamique entre les cultures. Sans cette démarche interculturelle, explorer le domaine des mobilités professionnelles à partir de l'interculturel n'aurait que peu de sens.En se basant sur une étude empirique associant les paradigmes quantitatif et qualitatif, certains résultats saillants, mis en exergue par la thèse, montrent que derrière le discours interculturel se cachent de nombreuses contradictions dans l'enseignement des langues et des cultures et dans la formation en communication interculturelle continue formelle. La tentative de créer un entre-deux pour les cultures se réduit souvent à une description de la culture de l'altérité avec des représentations directes ou indirectes largement « folklorisées ». Ceci rend l'apprentissage des Compétences Communicatives Interculturelles problématique surtout en l'absence d'ingénierie clairement définie en formation interculturelle des adultes. En outre, l'apprentissage interculturel informel semblerait pertinent, en particulier lorsqu'il se base sur la socialisation et la réciprocité entre pairs. Cet apprentissage gagnerait à être institutionnalisé sur les deux territoires de l'enquête. / At a time when the need for Intercultural Communicative Skills is often asserted for international and international executives working in a multicultural professional environment, the triggers likely to develop them are not well known today. This thesis aims to understand how these skills are built in mobile executives in two countries: France and Morocco.The problem that guides research concerns the rôle of the intercultural dimension in adult éducation, focusing on defining the place of initial and continuing training in foreign languages and the rôle of formai and informai continuing éducation in intercultural communication. The study does not stop at the level of the language approach or at the level of what is involved in intercultural communication, but rather at the analysis of the learning processes (on the sides of the learners), (On the side of the intercultural trainers) and their organization (on the side of the trainers). The thesis aimed to anchor the framework of the training of professionals in an intercultural approach. Such an approach amounts to contrasting the culturalist models which favor the comparison between cultures and the conception of culture as a biological data in order to be part of an approach that favors the interrelation and dynamics between cultures. Without this intercultural approach, exploring the field of professional mobility on the basis of interculturality has little meaning.Based on an empirical study associating quantitative and qualitative paradigms, some salient results, highlighted by the thesis, show that behind the intercultural discourse are many contradictions in the teaching of languages and cultures and in Formai intercultural communication. The attempt to create an in-between for cultures is often reduced to a description of the culture of otherness with direct or indirect représentations largely "folklorized". This makes learning Intercultural Communicative Skills problematic especially in the absence of clearly defined engineering in intercultural adult éducation. In addition, informai intercultural learning would seem relevant, particularly when it is based on socialization and peer reciprocity. This learning would benefit from being institutionalized in the two territories of the survey.

The critical role of children’s play in the development of peer relationships, social and communicative skills is reviewed and discussed. The difficulties experienced by a pre-school learner in engaging in peer relationships, communicating successfully in a classroom situation and constructively using play materials was explained. This was done through the use of anecdotal records, checklists, questionnaires, photographic evidence and a semi-structured interview with the learner’s parent. A pre-school play programme, using blocks, dough and puppets (BDP Programme) was devised and used to assess its influence on the acquisition of social and communicative skills by a non-social and non-communicative learner. The study found the BDP Programme to be very successful in assisting this learner to develop peer relationships and communicative skills in the peer group and thus played a critical role in the social development of this learner. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

Σκοπός της παρούσα διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη της ακαδημαϊκής και κοινωνικής ένταξης των κωφών μαθητών που φοιτούν σε σχολεία γενικής αγωγής δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης. Μελετώνται επίσης οι παράγοντες που την επηρεάζουν καθώς και οι μεταξύ τους συσχετίσεις. Αρχικά γίνεται ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας που σχετίζεται με την κοινωνική και ακαδημαϊκή ένταξη των κωφών μαθητών που φοιτούν στα γενικά σχολεία της δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης και των παραγόντων που την επηρεάζουν. Δείγμα της ερευνάς αποτελέσαν 57 εκπαιδευτικοί γενικής αγωγής που έχουν έστω έναν κωφό μαθητή. Το ερευνητικό εργαλείο που χρησιμοποιήθηκε ήταν ερωτηματολόγιο. Η ανάλυση των δεδομένων έγινε με το στατιστικό πρόγραμμα SPSS (Πρόγραμμα Στατιστικής Επεξεργασίας Δεδομένων Κοινωνικών Επιστημών). Μέσα από την ανάλυση των δεδομένων προέκυψε το συμπέρασμα πως τόσο η κοινωνική όσο και η ακαδημαϊκή ένταξη των κωφών μαθητών στα σχολεία γενικής αγωγής της δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης δεν έχει επιτευχθεί. Παρόλα αυτά υπάρχουν παράγοντες, όπως ατομικά χαρακτηριστικά των μαθητών, οι οποίοι επηρεάζουν το βαθμό της ένταξης και είναι καθοριστικοί για την επιτυχία της ή όχι. Επιπλέον, το πλαίσιο της ένταξης και πιο συγκεκριμένα ο χρόνος παραμονής του μαθητή στην γενική τάξη και η υποστήριξη που πιθανά έχει είναι καθοριστικοί παράγοντες για την επιτυχία της. Αξίζει να σημειωθεί ακόμα ότι η ακαδημαϊκή ένταξη αποτελεί ένα βασικό παράγοντα για την επιτυχία της κοινωνικής και αντίστροφα. Τέλος είναι επιτακτική η ανάγκη διεξαγωγής αντίστοιχων ερευνών οι οποίες θα διαφωτίσουν ακόμα περισσότερο τα παραπάνω ζητήματα. / The purpose of this dissertation is to study the academic and social inclusion of deaf and hearing impaired students (D/HH) who study at secondary general education schools. The factors which can affect them are carefully studied along with the different relationships between each factor. In the first part of this work we review the related literature in the area of academic and social inclusion of deaf students from secondary general education schools and the factors that affects them. This study is based on data collected through a questionnaire from 57 different high school teachers of the mainstream schools who had in their class at least one deaf student. The results revealed that both academic as well as social inclusion of D/HH students in secondary, regular schools have not been achieved. Despite this however, there are factors, such as personal student characteristics, which affect the degree of inclusion and which also determine success or failure. Other factors which include the framework of inclusion and, more specifically, the amount of time the student spends in regular classes and their support they receive in them are related to their successful inclusion. Furthermore, academic inclusion is an important factor that determines social inclusion and visa-versa. Finally, it is of critical importance that more studies are done in the area of inclusive education of secondary school students in order to determine all the critical factors and issues related to this important subject.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:47:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmen Lucia Bueno Valle.pdf: 2205174 bytes, checksum: ad54f72422b2745a44262e93019b0663 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis intends to develop assumptions of a pedagogy that takes into account in addition to the development of a communicative skills in all pupils indiscriminately the unveiling of the other by means of a social, linguistic and contextual knowledge exchange among public and private schools pupils, with a view at developing a social ability enough to promote transformative actions in society. Apart from this, one understands that pedagogy for inequalities, as proposed in this investigation, is a path to the citizen school, in line with the education purposes provided in legislative dictates. One seeks to reveal that the school has been failing in this point, from the comparative and qualitative analysis of a corpus comprising texts by 1st year High School pupils of both school levels located in extremely opposite social environments. The analysis of these textual productions is carried out in two stages. The first is the appreciation of the communicative skills developed by these pupils subsequent to eight years of schooling, comparing the teaching and learning differences in the linguistic education in the two educational settings. The second stage deals with observation of social ability of each group of pupils, taking that this should be the responsibility of any school that purports to be a citizen school. By analyzing the referred corpus, one presumes that the exercise of citizenship will only take place if schools develop these two capabilities. Through this set of expertise, the individual will be able to assure his right to be heard, communicating to the other , different from the self , his reading of the world. One supports the idea that the right to be heard implies a linguistic knowledge that is appropriate to communication in every situation. By means of social savvy, which one believes is learned particularly by the less privileged the right to have a chance , avoiding the spread of inequalities. This research was based on theoretical premises by Paulo Freire, in potential, and other theories of education sociology and linguistic education. / Esta tese pretende desenvolver pressupostos de uma pedagogia que contemple - além do desenvolvimento de uma competência comunicativa a todos os alunos, indistintamente - o desvelamento do outro por meio de uma troca de saberes sociais, linguísticos e contextuais entre alunos de escola pública e privada, a fim de desenvolver uma competência social suficiente à promoção de ações transformadoras da sociedade. Afora isso, entende-se que uma pedagogia para as desigualdades, conforme proposto nesta investigação, seja um caminho à escola cidadã, conforme os fins da educação previstos nos ditames legislativos. Busca-se constatar que a escola tem falhado nessa questão, a partir da análise comparativa e qualitativa de um corpus constituído por textos de alunos, do 1º ano de ensino médio, das duas esferas escolares; localizadas em espaços sociais extremamente opostos. A análise dessas produções textuais realiza-se em dois momentos. O primeiro é a apreciação da competência comunicativa desenvolvida nesses alunos, após oito anos de escolaridade, cotejando as diferenças de ensino e aprendizagem na educação linguística das duas instâncias educacionais. O segundo momento ocupa-se da observação da competência social de cada grupo de alunos; entendendo ser essa uma responsabilidade da escola que se pretende cidadã. Por meio da análise do referido corpus, conjetura-se que o exercício da cidadania só será efetivado se desenvolvidas essas duas competências pela escola. Por meio desse conjunto de aptidões, o indivíduo poderá garantir o seu direito de voz , comunicando ao outro , diferente do eu , sua leitura do mundo. Defende-se que o direito à voz implica um conhecimento linguístico adequado à comunicação em todas as situações. Por meio da competência social, crê-se que se instala - em especial, aos menos favorecidos - o direito a ter vez , evitando a reprodução das desigualdades. Esta pesquisa fundamentou-se em pressupostos teóricos de Paulo Freire, em potencial, e em outros teóricos da sociologia da educação e da educação linguística.

The critical role of children’s play in the development of peer relationships, social and communicative skills is reviewed and discussed. The difficulties experienced by a pre-school learner in engaging in peer relationships, communicating successfully in a classroom situation and constructively using play materials was explained. This was done through the use of anecdotal records, checklists, questionnaires, photographic evidence and a semi-structured interview with the learner’s parent. A pre-school play programme, using blocks, dough and puppets (BDP Programme) was devised and used to assess its influence on the acquisition of social and communicative skills by a non-social and non-communicative learner. The study found the BDP Programme to be very successful in assisting this learner to develop peer relationships and communicative skills in the peer group and thus played a critical role in the social development of this learner. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

At what age people ought to be given the right to vote has become a salient issue in both contemporary Western politics and political science. A prevalent argument opposing lowering the voting age to 16 asserts that 16- and 17-year-olds lack the necessary political competence required of voters. However, the validity of this argument rests upon the assumption that adolescents do not attain the required competence upon enfranchisement. While the idea that political competence improves when given the vote can be traced back to 19th century political theory, empirical investigations of this claim remain scarce. In this thesis, I address this gap in the literature by applying a regression discontinuity (RD) design using eligibility to vote as the cut-off. By surveying the political theory regarding requirements for voting rights, I identify political knowledge and communicative skills as the most relevant competencies. No effect of being eligible to vote can be found on the former, while the results concerning communicative skills are inconclusive and sensitive to model specifications. These findings are consistent with previous RD-studies within this field: gaining the right to vote does not seem to have a significant effect on political knowledge. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion on the age of enfranchisement.

The research design for this study was largely quasi-mixed methods as it focused on survey and phenomenology. The major reason for this study was to explore whether the number of students in any given class has any bearing on their performance and resultant achievement in the mediation of Applied Communicative Skills lectures. The research was largely qualitative, with only the section on student questionnaires being quantitative. The use of research-based practices was also explored. The descriptive findings which are a triangulation of the data gathered from the various instruments of data collection used in the current study pointed towards a conclusion that class size and school factors such as teacher effectiveness can influence student achievement. The present study reflects the need to consider professional development in the area of research-based instructional practices. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Didactics)

The aim of the thesis is to design general recomendations on mistake management in a foreign language classroom which would meet both teachers' and learners' requirements and methods of mistake management in a foreign language classroom which would contribute to development of learners' communicative competence. The following methods were used in the research: analysis of literature on pedagogy, psychology and methodology of foreign language teaching, interview, questionnaire and observation. Thirteen general recommendations and fifteen methods of mistake management in a foreign language classroom which contribute to the development of learners' communicative competence were designed as a result of the research.

The research design for this study was largely quasi-mixed methods as it focused on survey and phenomenology. The major reason for this study was to explore whether the number of students in any given class has any bearing on their performance and resultant achievement in the mediation of Applied Communicative Skills lectures. The research was largely qualitative, with only the section on student questionnaires being quantitative. The use of research-based practices was also explored. The descriptive findings which are a triangulation of the data gathered from the various instruments of data collection used in the current study pointed towards a conclusion that class size and school factors such as teacher effectiveness can influence student achievement. The present study reflects the need to consider professional development in the area of research-based instructional practices. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Didactics)