This study investigated beliefs of members of an online Community of Practice (WIA) on the role of the community on professional development, teaching, and on Web 2.0 use. Through the analyses of the questionnaire, it was aimed at finding out the members&rsquo / ideas about the group as an online CoP and benefits of belonging to an online CoP. The data were collected from seventy nine members of the Webheads in Action from various countries by using an online questionnaire. Then, the responses to the multiple choice items were analyzed using PASSW. The data collected from the last section of the questionnairre were analyzed through content analysis and pattern coding. The findings revealed that the members believe that WIA plays an important role in the process of developing multiltiteracies skills and the Web 2.0 tools used in classroom teaching and for professional development. The findings further revealed that the participants believe that being a WIA member leads to motivation, collaboration and discovery. These beliefs are thought to provide insights about the advantages and disadvantages of learning in online CoPs and their effects on the members&rsquo / Web 2.0 use. The findings can also be beneficial for researchers, teacher trainers, and teachers wishing to join CoPs for professional development. They can understand the advantages and disadvantages, and the participation process in more detail. Moreover, these findings can indicate that online CoPs can provide a medium for coping with the increasing amount of information thanks to the recent technological developments, and acquiring new skills.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaJFM_TESE.pdf: 3570769 bytes, checksum: 12b8738076fd83741651b4140352bbc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-06 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This study aims to analyze the implications that the knowledge of an important work for the History of Science, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium , by Nicholas Copernicus, can bring for the formation of Mathematics professors. The study focuses on Book I of Copernicus s work, where, in the final part, is found the Table of the Subtense Straight Lines in a Circle, a true sine table constructed by the author. The study considers two theoretical references, the History of Science and of Mathematics, in the professor s formation searched amongst others in Miguel and Miorm, Brito, Neves and Martins, and Radford, and the necessary teaching knowledge professors mst have, on the basis of Gauthier, Schulman and Imbern?n amongst others, through which it is established a net of knowledge grouped in dimensions such as mathematical, psycho pedagogical, cultural and practical diversity, that guide the study analysis. In the search for more necessary elements to enrich the analysis, beyond the theoretical research in Book I, it is carried through, with under graduation pupils, future Math professors, the construction of a sine table following the project used in De revolutionibus . The study still makes a description of the life and work of Nicholas Copernicus, detaching the historical context where the author lived and the conceptions about the Universe existing at that time. The research reveals that the studied work is an important source of culture, able to provide to the Mathematics professor in formation, beyond the conceptual and procedural mathematical knowledge, a cultural knowledge that allows him to be opened to the knowledge of other areas that not his specific area, and so to acquire knowledge about the world history, the development of sciences and of the society / O objetivo deste estudo ? analisar as implica??es que o conhecimento de uma obra importante para a Hist?ria da Ci?ncia, como De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, de Nicolau Cop?rnico, pode trazer para a forma??o do professor de Matem?tica. O estudo tem como foco o Livro I da obra de Cop?rnico, onde em seu final, encontra-se a Tabela das Linhas Retas Subtensas num C?rculo, uma verdadeira tabela de senos, constru?da pelo autor. O estudo considera dois referenciais te?ricos, a Hist?ria da Ci?ncia e da Matem?tica na forma??o do professor e os saberes docentes necess?rios ? forma??o do professor de Matem?tica, com base nos quais ? estabelecida uma teia de saberes agrupados nas dimens?es matem?tica, psicopedag?gica, diversidade cultural e pr?tica, que norteiam a an?lise do estudo. Na busca de elementos mais precisos para enriquecer a an?lise, al?m da pesquisa te?rica no Livro I, ? realizada, com alunos da gradua??o, futuros professores de Matem?tica, a constru??o de uma tabela de senos seguindo o esquema usado em De revolutionibus. O estudo faz ainda uma descri??o sobre a vida e a obra de Nicolau Cop?rnico, destaca o contexto hist?rico em que o autor viveu e as concep??es sobre o Universo existentes ?quela ?poca. A pesquisa realizada revela ser a obra estudada uma importante fonte de cultura, capaz de proporcionar, ao professor de Matem?tica em forma??o, al?m do conhecimento matem?tico conceitual e procedimental, um conhecimento cultural que lhe permite estar aberto aos saberes de ?reas outras que n?o a de sua ?rea espec?fica, e desse modo conhecer acerca da hist?ria do mundo, do desenvolvimento das ci?ncias e da sociedade

Ces dernières années, les coûts et la demande en énergie n’ont cessé d’augmenter. Par conséquent, l’humanité fait face à de graves menaces environnementales telles que l'augmentation des rejets de CO2. À cet égard, la communauté internationale doit parvenir à réduire de son empreinte carbone et à veiller à ce que les besoins en énergie thermique soient couverts de manière durable. D’importantes quantités de chaleur résiduaire à basse température (60 - 100°C) sont libérées quotidiennement dans l'atmosphère par de nombreuses installations industrielles. Les thermo-transformateurs de chaleur à absorption constituent un outil intéressant car ils peuvent revaloriser des chaleurs résiduaires pour produire de la chaleur utile pour le chauffage et la production d’eau chaude. Actuellement, les mélanges de travail utilisés dans les pompes à absorption sont les systèmes {ammoniac + eau} et {eau + bromure de lithium}. Cependant, ces deux fluides de travail présentent certains inconvénients tels que la toxicité, la cristallisation et la corrosivité. Par conséquent, il est important de rechercher de nouveaux mélanges de travail. Cette étude a pour objectif d’évaluer l’intérêt d’utiliser des mélanges constitués de liquides ioniques et d'eau au sein de thermo-transformateurs à absorption. Tout d'abord, les propriétés thermodynamiques de ces systèmes binaires (pression de vapeur, densité, capacité thermique et enthalpie d’excès) ont été mesurées dans un large domaine de température et de composition. Ces données expérimentales ont été corrélées à l’aide de modèles thermodynamiques adéquats. Ensuite, les performances de ces fluides de travail ont été évaluées. Les résultats montrent que les systèmes binaires {H2O + Ils} sont une alternative prometteuse aux fluides de travail traditionnels tels que {H2O + LiBr} / Recently, the cost and use of energy continually rise. Hence, humans are close to face serious environmental problems such as increasing CO2 discharges. In this regard, global community is to achieve the ambitious objective of reducing carbon footprint and to ensure that the heating demand is covered in a sustainable manner. Since, enormous amounts of low-temperature waste heat are released on daily bases from many industrial plants to the atmosphere at temperatures between 60 - 100°C. Absorption heat transformers (AHT) are interesting because they can recover low temperature waste heat from different industrial activities and renewable energy sources such as solar and geothermal. AHT can be used to upgrade waste heat to produce useful heat for heating and hot water supplies. Nowadays, the standard working pairs used for AHTs are {ammonia + water} and {water + lithium bromide}. However, both of the working pairs show questionable behavior such as toxicity, crystallization and corrosiveness. Therefore, exploring new working pairs which do not exhibit limitations become of great importance. This work includes an investigation to analyze the AHT systems using {water + ionic liquids} binary systems as working fluids. First, basic thermodynamic properties including vapor pressure, density, heat capacity as well as excess enthalpy of these binary systems were measured at various temperatures with different ionic liquid concentrations. The thermodynamic properties data were correlated by different equations, respectively. The correlated values were significantly consistent with the experimental data. Next, simulation of the AHT performance based on the thermodynamic properties of the new working pairs and on the mass and energy balance for each component of the system were performed. Results show that the {H2O + ILs} binary systems are promising alternatives to replace the already used {H2O + LiBr} working pairs

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, 2006. / Submitted by Cristiane Silva (cristiane_gomides@hotmail.com) on 2013-02-18T14:26:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_ana_renata.pdf: 1874697 bytes, checksum: bf17d3113d513b65a1b3794a25a72638 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2013-06-12T01:26:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_ana_renata.pdf: 1874697 bytes, checksum: bf17d3113d513b65a1b3794a25a72638 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-12T01:26:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_ana_renata.pdf: 1874697 bytes, checksum: bf17d3113d513b65a1b3794a25a72638 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Em estuários, o carbono e o nitrogênio orgânicos particulados (COP e NOP) estão entre os principais constituintes do material em suspensão (MS). O carbono orgânico pode provir de fontes naturais em muitas áreas costeiras, porém tem-se observado processos de eutrofização originados de intensos aportes antrópicos de COP e NOP. Pesquisas relativas à fração orgânica do MS no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos são escassas para o carbono e nitrogênio. Em função de sua importância o presente trabalho estuda este aspecto, sendo parte do grupo temático “Qualidade Ambiental e Biodiversidade”, que se enquadrada no projeto “Uso e Apropriação dos Recursos Costeiros (RECOS)”, do Instituto do Milênio. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a distribuição de COP e NOP nas enseadas Saco da Mangueira (impactada) e Saco do Arraial (menos impactada), através do desenvolvimento do método de análise elementar CHNS, para avaliar o estado de contaminação orgânica das referidas enseadas e compará-lo com outros ambientes aquáticos. O presente estudo ocorreu de outubro/03 a junho/04, nas duas enseadas, com coletas bimensais da água de superfície em 4 locais de cada uma. As amostras foram filtradas, após os filtros foram secos a 60°C por 24 horas, descarbonatados com vapor de HCl concentrado e novamente secos a 60°C por 24 horas. As amostras foram analisadas para carbono e nitrogênio no equipamento Perkin Elmer CHN/S modelo 2400. Os resultados revelaram variações nas concentrações de COP e NOP na água de superfície, com maiores valores encontrados em dezembro/03 (primavera) e fevereiro/04 (verão). A enseada do Saco do Arraial mostrou características aproximadamente constantes nos níveis de COP (344 a 2354 μg L-1) e NOP (130 a 836 μg L-1), quando comparado com o Saco da Mangueira, sendo que as concentrações mais elevadas estão associadas a contribuições autóctones de produtores primários, destacando-se o fitoplâncton. Entretanto, a enseada do Saco da Mangueira apresentou influência provável de fatores antrópicos nos níveis de COP (193 a 2794 μg L-1) e NOP (72 a 2386 μg L-1) sendo mais expressivos no final da primavera e verão. Em ambas regiões, a participação média do fitoplâncton ao COP menor que 30%, associada aos baixos valores de relação C/N (4–5), confirmam a participação das bactérias juntamente com o fitoplâncton nos níveis de COP e NOP. Os valores mínimos e máximos de COP foram semelhantes entre os dois locais pesquisados, mas a concentração máxima de NOP esteve aproximadamente três vezes maior no Saco da Mangueira, sendo o parâmetro que melhor caracterizou sua eutrofização. Os elementos particulados apresentaram concentrações mínimas e máximas maiores que os valores obtidos nos demais estuários que participaram do Programa RECOS, e semelhantes aos níveis encontrados em outros ambientes aquáticos. Exceção foi encontrada para o valor máximo de NOP no Saco da Mangueira que ficou com concentrações acima dos demais estuários, devido à possibilidade do nitrogênio constituinte do MS ressuspendido ter uma origem não apenas orgânica, mas também inorgânica. Isso se deve ao longo histórico de efeitos humanos no Saco da Mangueira, com elevados aportes de nutrientes e materiais particulados provenientes da área urbana e industrial da cidade de Rio Grande. / In estuaries, the particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (POC and PON) are one of the main constituents of the material in suspension (MS). The organic carbon can come from natural sources in many coastal areas, however it has observed eutrofization processes originated of intense antropic input of POC and PON. Research about the organic fraction of the MS in the estuary of the Patos Lagoon is scarce for carbon and nitrogen. In function of its importance the present work study this subject, being part of the thematic group "Quality Ambient and Biodiversity", that belongs in the project "Use and Appropriation of Recursos Costeiros (RECOS)", of the Institute of the Milênio. The present study has as objective to evaluate the distribution of POC and PON in the Saco da Mangueira (impacted) and Saco do Arraial (less impacted), through the development of the method of elementary analysis CHNS, to evaluate the state of organic contamination of the mentioned embayments and to compare it with other aquatic environments. The present study occurred from outubro/03 to junho/04, in both embayments, with semimonthly collections of surface water in 4 places of each one. The samples were filtered, then the filters were dry at 60°C for 24 hours, exposed to a vapor of HCl and again dried at 60°C for 24 hours. The samples were analyzed for carbon and nitrogen in the equipment Perkin Elmer CHN/S model 2400. The results showed variations in the concentrations of POC and PON in the surface water, with higher values found in dezembro/03 (spring) and fevereiro/04 (summer). The Saco do Arraial showed approximate3ly constant characteristics in the levels of POC (344 the 2354 μg L-1) and PON (130 the 836 μg L-1), when compared with the Saco da Mangueira, being high concentrations associated with autoctones contributions of primary producers, distinguishing the phytoplankton. However, the Saco da Mangueira presented likely influence of antropic factors in the levels of POC (193 the 2794 μg L-1) and PON (72 the 2386 μg L-1) being expressive at the end of the spring and summer. In both regions, the average participation of phytoplankton to the POC lesser that 30%, associated to the low values of relation C/N (4-5), confirm the participation of the bacteria with phytoplankton in the levels of POC and PON. The minimum and maximum values of POC were similar between the two study places, but the maximum concentration of PON was approximately three times bigger in the Saco da Mangueira, being the parameter that better characterized its eutrofization. These particulate elements presented minimum and maximum concentrations greater that values of other estuaries, which participated of Program RECOS, and similar to the levels found in other aquatic environments. Exception was found for the maximum value of PON in the Saco da Mangueira that had concentrations higher than other estuaries, due to the nitrogen constituent of the ressuspended MS to have not only an organic origin, but also inorganic. This should be due to the long historic of human effect in the Saco da Mangueira, with high inputs of nutrients and particulate materials proceeding from urban and industrial areas of the city of Rio Grande.

Les séries télévisées policières américaines ont envahi les grilles de programmation des chaînes françaises et leur assurent les meilleures audiences. Les Experts, Les Experts : Miami, Les Experts : Manhattan, NCIS, NCIS : Los Angeles, Cold Case, Mentalist, FBI Portés Disparus, Bones, Dexter, Esprits Criminels, The Closer, la liste des séries policières américaines diffusées en prime time sur les six grandes chaînes nationales françaises est longue. Ce travail de thèse avait pour objectif de mieux comprendre la manière dont les téléspectateurs donnent sens à ces séries policières et les intègrent dans leur vie quotidienne en utilisant la notion d’interprétation comme fil conducteur du raisonnement. L’enquête repose sur trente-cinq entretiens individuels, sept entretiens de groupe et la distribution de deux questionnaires auprès d’une centaine de téléspectateurs qui affirmaient apprécier ou non les séries policières américaines. Ont ainsi été mis en lumière les éléments constitutifs des univers fictionnels de ces séries policières américaines qui permettent de créer une complicité durable avec les téléspectateurs interrogés. / French TV channels place a lot American cop shows on their schedule especially on prime time because these shows always bring them the best audience ratings. CSI, CSI : Miami, CSI : NY, NCIS, NCIS : Los Angeles, Cold Case, The Mentalist, Without a trace, Bones, Dexter, Criminal Minds, The Closer, the list of shows on the air is long. We would like to understand how viewers interpret all these TV shows and how they use them in their daily life. The notion of interpretation was the central point of our survey based on thirty five interviews, seven focus groups and two questionnaires delivered to hundreds of viewers who sometimes didn’t like watching American cop shows. We have discovered which elements of these shows are able to create a strong complicity with viewers.

The history of urban policing paints an evolutionary picture describing the various forces that impinged on society's earliest efforts at public policing and led to numerous reforms culminating in what has been termed the professional model of policing. The dynamics of an ever-changing urban society continued to present new challenges to policing and have driven police administrators and politicians to seek new methods of responding to society's criminal element.

This master thesis deals with VRF systems, which are used for extensive commercial and office buildings, or for buildings where there are multiple zones with different required parameters. The aim of the thesis is to explain the functions of the system and their evaluation and inclusion into energy classes according to the new legislation. The practical part deals with an application of the VRF system and its variants in the building of bank branch. The comparison of initials costs and resultant costs to operate the system. The experiment focuses on comparison of the measured values of VRF system and their comparison with data from the manufacturer.

In view of the fact that most of the synthetic refrigerants, in case of leakage or release, are harmful to the environment by contributing in global warming or depleting stratospheric ozone layer, many research works have been done recently to find alternative refrigerants posing no or negligible threat to the environment. Among alternative refrigerants, ammonia, a natural refrigerant with zero Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), can be a sensible choice.Although ammonia has been used for many years in large industrial systems, its application in small units is rare. In this project a small heat pump with about 7 kW heating capacity at -5 °C and +40 °C evaporation and condensation temperatures is designed and built to work with ammonia as refrigerant. The heat pump is expected to produce enough heat to keep a single-family house warm in Sweden and to provide tap hot water for the house. After successful completion of this project, it is planned to install the heat pump in a house to test it throughout a heating season to study its performance in real working conditions.Since ammonia is flammable and toxic in high concentrations, the refrigerant charge is tried to be kept low in the heat pump to reduce the risk of fire or poisoning in case of unwanted release of refrigerant to the surroundings. The compact design of the heat pump helps reducing the refrigerant charge. Besides, considering the limited space normally reserved for installation of a heat pump in a house, the compact design of the heat pump is necessary.

No description available.

Greater projected demand for food, fuel, and fiber will require substantial increases in global agricultural production over the next three decades. Climate change is also forecasted to make weather events more extreme and variable. Efficiency will become more important as demand for food products increases and the availability of fertilizer and land decreases. Technology may be of paramount importance for pushing the boundaries of production while remaining sustainable for generations to come. The first chapter of this dissertation investigated the importance of rate and timing of the plant growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl to malting barley in Virginia. Plant growth regulators can help plants remain upright during strong winds, thereby preserving grain quality and yield. However, this study demonstrated that risks of plant injury also exist. Application should be restricted to fields with greater risk of lodging and made only after the barley crop has broken dormancy and a substantial increase in air temperature is not forecasted in the week following application. Chapter two compared the efficacy of eight vegetation indices calculated from three satellites (Landsat 8, Sentinel 2, and Planet) for estimating cover crop biomass. Cover crops can have beneficial effects on agricultural land as well as groundwater and surface water, but only when adequate biomass is established to reduce erosion and nutrient leaching. Satellite imagery was able to estimate multi-species cover crop biomass more accurately than field-based sensors, although the most accurate vegetation index was dependent upon which satellite was being tested. Chapter three investigated the potential of Arabidopsis thaliana ipk1-, a loss-of-function mutant which exhibits decreased growth at elevated phosphorus concentration, for serving as in indicator of plant available phosphorus. An indicator crop could provide greater spatial resolution compared to soil testing, as well as represent plant available nutrients as opposed to chemically extracted nutrient estimations. Plant response exhibited a quadratic relationship with media P concentration in the range of fertilizer decision making for maize, providing valuable insight for potential yield response in agricultural fields below 'very high' phosphorus concentration. / Doctor of Philosophy / Climate change, increased demand for locally sourced ingredients, and elevated pressure for environmentally responsible practices will make meeting the growing demand for food difficult for farmers to achieve over the next few decades. Similar to many other industries, implementation of advanced technology may be necessary to keep up with agricultural demand. Plant growth regulators are one such technology which when applied to plants can cause them to remain short, decreasing the chance of blowing over during windstorms. However, chapter one of this dissertation concluded that risks of plant injury also exist when applying plant growth regulator on malting barley (for brewing or distilling). Application should be restricted to fields with greater risk of wind damage (e.g. taller barley) and made only after the barley crop begins spring growth and a decrease in air temperature is not forecasted in the week following application. Chapter two compared eight spectral vegetation indices across three satellites with different image resolution for their ability to estimate cover crop biomass. Cover crops protect groundwater and surface water quality, but only when adequate growth is achieved. Satellite imagery was able to estimate multi-species cover crop biomass more accurately than field-based sensors, although the most accurate vegetation index was dependent upon which satellite was being tested. Chapter three investigated the potential of Arabidopsis thaliana ipk1-, a loss-of-function mutant which exhibits decreased growth at elevated phosphorus concentration, as in indicator of plant available phosphorus in soil. An indicator crop could help determine which areas of a field are likely to have increased crop yield if fertilized and which are not. The mutant tested could be useful as an indicator crop given its response to phosphorus concentration, warranting further research with other plant species more appropriate for field use.