No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Interés del estudio: El virus de la rotura del color de la flor del Pelargonium (Pelargonium flower break virus, PFBV) (género Carmovirus, familia Tombusviridae) constituye uno de patógenos virales más frecuentes en geranio, una planta ornamental de gran interés para la industria floral. En los últimos años se ha registrado un aumento progresivo de las infecciones causadas por este patógeno, con un porcentaje de incidencia superior al 80% en regiones de Europa occidental y en algunas áreas de España. La información acerca de las relaciones estructura-función en las proteínas de este virus era prácticamente inexistente al inicio de este trabajo y bastante limitada para las proteínas equivalentes de muchos virus relacionados, de modo que la aportación de datos adicionales en este campo puede ser de gran utilidad para entender mejor el establecimiento de la infección y los mecanismos de interacción con el huésped de este virus y de otros equivalentes. Objetivos: Durante el desarrollo de esta Tesis Doctoral se han llevado a cabo análisis de las relaciones estructura-función de las proteínas que codifica el PFBV, centrándonos en aquellos productos virales con características atípicas o cuya función no está del todo clara dentro del grupo al cual pertenece el virus. Con ello se ha pretendido aportar nuevos datos al conocimiento del patógeno y, en general, del grupo al que pertenece. Elementos de la metodología a destacar: La realización de esta Tesis ha permitido la publicación de varios artículos de divulgación científica, aprobados por comités que han avalado convenientemente el uso de las metodologías empleadas. Resultados logrados: Con este trabajo se ha establecido la etapa del ciclo infeccioso en la que se encuentran involucradas las distintas proteínas del PFBV y se han analizado relaciones estructura-función en dichos productos. Asimismo, se han determinado algunas propiedades relevantes de proteínas implicadas en la replicación, así como de aquellas que asisten / Martínez Turiño, S. (2012). ANÁLISIS FUNCIONAL DE PROTEÍNAS CODIFICADAS POR EL VIRUS DE LA ROTURA DEL COLOR DE LA FLOR DEL PELARGONIUM [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/16807

The ability to predict accurately the critical quality characteristics of aircraft engines is essential for modeling the degradation of engine performance over time. The acceptable margins for error grow smaller with each new generation of engines. This paper focuses on turbine gas temperature (TGT). The goal is to improve the first principles predictions through the incorporation of the pure thermodynamics, as well as available information from the engine health monitoring (EHM) data and appropriate maintenance records. The first step in the approach is to develop the proper thermodynamics model to explain and to predict the observed TGTs. The resulting residuals provide the fundamental information on degradation. The current engineering models are ad hoc adaptations of the underlying thermodynamics not properly tuned by actual data. Interestingly, pure thermodynamics model uses only two variables: atmospheric temperature and a critical pressure ratio. The resulting predictions of TGT are at least similar, and sometimes superior to these ad hoc models. The next steps recognize that there are multiple sources of variability, some nested within others. Examples include version to version of the engine, engine to engine within version, route to route across versions and engines, maintenance to maintenance cycles within engine, and flight segment to flight segment within maintenance cycle. The EHM data provide an opportunity to explain the various sources of variability through appropriate regression models. Different EHM variables explain different contributions to the variability in the residuals, which provides fundamental insights as to the causes of the degradation over time. The resulting combination of the pure thermodynamics model with proper modeling based on the EHM data yield significantly better predictions of the observed TGT, allowing analysts to see the impact of the causes of the degradation much more clearly. / Doctor of Philosophy / AEM is major civilian aircraft gas turbine engine manufacturer, serving different airliners and airlines. However, one of its newest models has had performance issues; the engines degraded faster than their in-house model had anticipated, leading to more frequent maintenance and causing significant financial losses to the company. The key objectives of our research project are to produce a model that has higher predictive capabilities than AEM's in-house predictive model (DTGT), and develop a model selection algorithm that allows for direct comparisons among models of vastly different architecture. There are three major components to our research: 1) interdisciplinary studies merging the theory of thermodynamics and regression, 2) the sequential modeling, and 3) the modified Mallows's Cp. We propose a layered sequential approach to the regression modeling, where one regression model is followed by another regression on the residuals of the previous model. We also propose the modified Mallows's Cp, a modification of the Mallows's Cp, as a viable model selection criterion. Our results demonstrated that the sequential approach both outperformed the AEM's in-house model and was found to be more useful than the traditional multiple linear regression. Our results also demonstrated that the modified Mallows's Cp prefer smaller number of parameters than other standard model selection criterion without sacrificing predictive capabilities of its models.

In developing an understanding of real-world problems, researchers develop mathematical and statistical models. Various model selection methods exist which can be used to obtain a mathematical model that best describes the real-world situation in some or other sense. These methods aim to assess the merits of competing models by concentrating on a particular criterion. Each selection method is associated with its own criterion and is named accordingly. The better known ones include Akaike's Information Criterion, Mallows' Cp and cross-validation, to name a few. The value of the criterion is calculated for each model and the model corresponding to the minimum value of the criterion is then selected as the "best" model. / Mathematical Sciences / M. Sc. (Statistics)

Ce mémoire présente l’application de la méthode de décomposition en termes de diagrammes aux désintégrations de mésons B vers trois mésons de type pseudos- calaire ne comportant pas de quarks charmés. La décomposition diagrammatique des désintégrations de types B → Kππ, B → KKK ̄, B → KK ̄π et B → πππ est effectuée de façon systématique. Il est démontré que lorsque l’on néglige les dia- grammes d’échanges et d’annihilations, dont les contributions sont estimées être petites, de nouvelles relations apparaissent entre les amplitudes. Ces relations sont de nouveaux tests du modèle standard qui ne peuvent être obtenus que par la méthode diagrammatique. Lorsque les données nécessaires sont disponibles, nous vérifions ces relations et obtenons un bon accord avec les données expérimentales. Nous démontrons également qu’il est possible d’utiliser le secteur B → Kππ pour mesurer la phase faible γ avec une incertitude théorique que nous estimons être de l’ordre de 5%. Les autres secteurs de désintégrations ne permettent d’extraire des phases faibles que si l’on invoque des approximations de précisions inconnues. / This Master’s thesis presents the application of the method of decomposition in terms of diagrams to the charmless decays of B mesons to three pseudoscalar particles. We systematically apply the diagrammatic method to the decays B → Kππ, B → KKK ̄, B → KK ̄π and B → πππ. It is shown that when we neglect exchange and annihilation diagrams, whose contributions have been estimated to be small, new relations appear between the decay amplitudes. These relations constitute new tests of the standard model that can only be obtained through the diagrammatic method. When the necessary data is available, we verify these relations and obtain a good agreement with the experimental results. We also show that it is possible use observables in the B → Kππ sector to measure the weak phase γ with a theoretical uncertainty of the order of 5%. Other decay sectors can only allow the extraction of weak phases through the use of approximations of unknown precision.

Dans le Modèle Standard, la différence de phase apparaissant dans la désintégration B0s --> J/psi phi est prèdite avec une grande précision. Cette observable est une sonde pour mettre en évidence de la Nouvelle Physique car l’oscillation B0s -B0sbar s’effectue via un diagramme en boucles sensible à la nouvelles particules. Nous avons développé une sélection simplifiée pour les données de 2010. Elle évite tous biais sur la distribution en temps propre afin de réduire l’incertitude systématique. De plus, nous contrôlons les performances d’étiquetage pour les événements B0s --> J/psi phi en utilisant les canaux similaires B0d--> J/psi K*0 et B+ --> J/psi K+. Avec les données de 2010, nous obtenons 570 événements de signal avec une luminosité intégré de 36 pb−1, une puissance de d’étiquetage de (2, 2 ± 0, 4)% et une résolution temporelle de 50 fs. Nous avons étudié une sélection alternative, qui maximise la sensibilité à la phase phis en utilisant des coupures biasant le temp propre. Nous avons proposé une méthode pour corriger la déformation de temps propre à partir des données. Nous avons développé un programme d’ajustement pour déterminer la phase phis. Avec les données 2010, la valeur touvée est phis = [−2, 7,−0, 5] rad à 68% de confiance. Ce résultat est compatible avec la prédiction du Modèle Standard. / In the PsB $to$ PJpsi $phi$ channel, the phase difference phis between decays with and without oscillation is predicted to be significantly small in the SM. Furthermore, the PsB-PasB mixing phenomena takes place via a loop diagram. These two reasons makes the phis parameter an excellent probe for New Physics processes. We developed a simplified selection for the 2010 data. It avoids any bias on the proper time distribution in order to reduce systematic uncertainty. In addition, we control the tagging performance for PsB $to$ PJpsi $phi$ events using the similar $PBdtoPJpsiPKstar^0$ and $PButoPJpsiPKplus$ channels. With the 2010 data, we obtain $570$ signal events in $36invpb$ of integrated luminosity, a tagging power of $(2.2pm 0.4)%$ and a proper time resolution of $50fs$. We investigated an alternative selection which is designed to maximize the phis sensitivity using a proper time biasing cuts. We proposed a data-driven method to correct the proper time acceptance. We designed a fitting program to determine the phis phase. Using fast Monte Carlo simulation we validated the fitter program, determine the LHCb sensitivity to the phis phase and advise the use of interval estimate at low signal yield. We reviewed the first determination of the phis phase by the LHCb collaboration. It is found to be: $phis in [-2.7,-0.5] rad ~ {rm at~68%~CL}$. This result is compatible with the Standard Model prediction.

The aim of this study was to research which Lean principles that could be incorporated in a small company. Lean is a more and more common expression that has become popular among companies that strive to find new ways of improvement and creating ways to compete on the market.  Lean as whole can be viewed as methods to increase the effectiveness of ones working processes through handling waste and increasing customer value. The company that was chosen for this study was Lundqvist Trävaru AB, a small family company located in the city of Piteå in northern parts of Sweden. Their main product is to create wall blocks that can be assembled into garages, cottages and storage units. The study was constructed in physical visits to the company while conducting participatory interviews and observations. A theory study was also conducted to find information important to carry on studying and analyzing the subject. The collected data was compiled into value stream maps and spaghetti diagrams covering the work in the factory of the company, then a MUDA-analysis was made to locate different types of waste and suggestions of improvements to eliminate this waste. To quantify the study a capacity process index (Cp) and specific capacity index (Cpk) was calculated and compared to the numbers in theory. The results showed that there are good possibilities to implements Lean principles into the company. The Cp and Cpk -index that was calculated gave an unclear result, this probably as a result of it being a difficult process to demonstrate this type of calculation. The conclusion of the study is that it has given a result and that there are possibilities to conduct further studies on the subject. / Studien har syftat på att undersöka vilka Leanprinciper som skulle kunna inkorporeras i ett mindre företag. Lean är ett uttryck som blir allt mer vanligt bland företag som strävar efter att finna nya sätt att förbättra sig och bli mer konkurrenskraftiga på marknaden. Lean som helhet kan ses som metoder till att effektivisera arbetsprocesserna i en verksamhet genom att minska spill och öka kundvärdet. Företaget som undersöks i studien är Lundkvist Trävaru AB, ett mindre företag lokaliserat i Piteå, i norra Sverige. Deras huvudprodukt är att bygga väggblock som sedan kan monteras ihop till bland annat garage, fritidshus och förråd. Studien genomfördes med besök på företaget för deltagande observationer och intervjuer samt genomfördes en teoristudie för att hitta den information som ansågs väsentlig för att studera och analysera ämnet. Data sammanställdes därefter i form av värdeflödeskartor och spagettidiagram över processen i företagets fabrik. En MUDA-analys genomfördes över den större delen av verksamheten för att lokalisera vart det kan uppkomma spill och vilka förbättringar som skulle kunna genomföras för att motverka detta spill. Ett kapacitetprocessindex (Cp) och ett specifikt kapacitetsprocessindex (Cpk) togs fram för att jämföras mot de siffror som finns i teorin. Resultatet visade att det finns goda möjligheter att genomföra förbättringar i företaget med Leanprinciper och MUDA-analysen gav förslag om olika förbättringsmöjligheter.  De framtagna Cp- och Cpk - indexen gav ett otydligt resultat vilket troligen berodde på att det var en svår process att använda till just den typen av beräkning. Slutsatsen av studien visar att den har genererat i ett resultat och att det finns goda möjligheter till vidare studier.