In contemporary crime drama there has been a shift of main character from the forensic scientist to the consultant. This put the representation of knowledge in a different light. In this study the focus is on how, and what kind of cognitive processes and knowledge are represented in two crime dramas with consultants as main characters; CSI: Crime Scene Investigation and Sherlock. Basing the analysis on concepts of cognitive processes and knowledge, it becomes evident that due to the shift in main character the representation of knowledge also has changed; from an institutionalized and science based view on knowledge to the legitimization of a personal, uncritical and fast way of gathering knowledge.

Crime Scene Investigation offers an innovative approach to learning about crime scene investigation, taking the reader from the first response on the crime scene to documenting crime scene evidence and preparing evidence for courtroom presentation. It includes topics not normally covered in other texts, such as forensic anthropology and pathology, arson and explosives, and the electronic crime scene. Numerous photographs and illustrations complement text material, and a chapter-by-chapter fictional narrative also provides the reader with a qualitative dimension of the crime scene experience. / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1085/thumbnail.jpg

GLAST est la nouvelle génération de télescope spatial pour l'étude des rayons gamma et devrait très largement améliorer notre connaissance du ciel à haute énergie, dès son lancement en août 2007.<br />Les données du faisceau-test mené au GANIL avec des ions de basse énergie, ont permis de contribuer à l'étalonnage en énergie du LAT. Ces données ont été analysées pour mesurer la non-linéarité de la production de lumière dans le CsI en réponse au dépôt d'énergie des ions, des protons au krypton et pour des énergies allant de 0 à 73MeV par nucléon. Les résultats obtenus se sont révélés complémentaires aux mesures de scintillation du CsI, réalisées lors du faisceau-test mené au GSI pour des ions lourds relativistes . La connaissance de la non-linéarité de la réponse des cristaux de CsI de GLAST aux ions de haute énergie est indispensable pour réaliser l'étalonnage en énergie en orbite des détecteurs à l'aide des rayons cosmiques.<br /><br />Le rejet des évènements hadroniques est un autre problème clé pour GLAST, or, l'élaboration des algorithmes repose sur la simulation Monte-Carlo officielle de GLAST, GlastRelease. Les cascades hadroniques mesurées lors du faisceau-test mené au GSI et lors d'un autre faisceau-test mené au CERN sur le SPS, sont utilisées pour confronter les codes de simulation, disponibles sur la plate-forme logicielle GEANT4 qui est à la base de GlastRelease. En vérifiant la bonne reproduction de certaines observables simples, pour des cascades hadroniques générées par des protons ou de pions de .7GeV , 3.4GeV, 10GeV et 20GeV, on conclue qu'à haute énergie le modèle par défaut, LHEP, est valable, alors qu'à basse énergie, le modèle de cascade intranucléaire de Bertini devrait être utilisé.

<p>A facility for studies of elastic neutron scattering in the 50–130 MeV range has been developed. In addition to elastic neutron scattering, it has been used for (n,p) and (n,d) reaction experiments. The performance of the device has been illustrated in measurements of the (n,p) and (n,n) cross sections on ¹H and ¹²C.</p><p>Elastic neutron scattering from ¹²C and ²⁰⁸Pb has been studied at 96 MeV in the 10–70 degree interval. The achieved energy resolution, 3.7 MeV, is about one order of magnitude better than for any previous experiment above 65 MeV incident energy. The present experiment represents the highest neutron energy where the ground state has been resolved from the first excited state in neutron scattering. A novel method for normalization of the absolute scale of the cross section has been used. The estimated normalization uncertainty, 3 %, is unprecedented for a neutron-induced differential cross section measurement on a nuclear target.</p><p>The results are compared with modern optical model predictions, based on phenomenology or microscopic nuclear theory. The data on ²⁰⁸Pb are in general in good agreement with the theory models.</p><p>All theory models fail to describe the ¹²C data in the 30–50 degree interval, where the models predict a saddle structure not displayed by the present experimental data. Various reasons for this discrepancy have been investigated. For the other parts of the angular range studied, the agreement is good.</p><p>These measurements have to a large degree been motivated by needs in various application areas, i.e., nuclear waste incineration by fast neutrons and biomedical effects caused by neutrons. The implications of the present results on these applications are discussed.</p>

<p>Neutral two- and three-pion productions in proton-proton collisions at a center of mass energy of 2.465 GeV have been studied using the WASA detector and an internal pellet target at the CELSIUS storage ring in Uppsala. An important part of the detector for the measurments was a central electromagnetic calorimeter composed of 1012 CsI crystals, which measured the photons originating from neutral pion decays. Test measurements and calibration procedures for this detector part were carried out. An important part of the analysis was the identification of the neutral pions from the invariant mass of the decay gammas and the use of Monte Carlo simulations to understand the detector responds.</p><p>Total cross sections for the pp→ppπ⁰π⁰ and pp→ppπ⁰π⁰π⁰ reactions are presented as well as distributions of relevant kinematical variables for the pp→ppπ⁰π⁰ reaction.</p><p>The distributions show significant deviations from phase space predictions. These deviations are typical for resonance production. The excitation of two simultaneous Δ resonances seems to be the main reaction mechanism. </p>

A facility for studies of elastic neutron scattering in the 50–130 MeV range has been developed. In addition to elastic neutron scattering, it has been used for (n,p) and (n,d) reaction experiments. The performance of the device has been illustrated in measurements of the (n,p) and (n,n) cross sections on 1H and 12C. Elastic neutron scattering from 12C and 208Pb has been studied at 96 MeV in the 10–70 degree interval. The achieved energy resolution, 3.7 MeV, is about one order of magnitude better than for any previous experiment above 65 MeV incident energy. The present experiment represents the highest neutron energy where the ground state has been resolved from the first excited state in neutron scattering. A novel method for normalization of the absolute scale of the cross section has been used. The estimated normalization uncertainty, 3 %, is unprecedented for a neutron-induced differential cross section measurement on a nuclear target. The results are compared with modern optical model predictions, based on phenomenology or microscopic nuclear theory. The data on 208Pb are in general in good agreement with the theory models. All theory models fail to describe the 12C data in the 30–50 degree interval, where the models predict a saddle structure not displayed by the present experimental data. Various reasons for this discrepancy have been investigated. For the other parts of the angular range studied, the agreement is good. These measurements have to a large degree been motivated by needs in various application areas, i.e., nuclear waste incineration by fast neutrons and biomedical effects caused by neutrons. The implications of the present results on these applications are discussed.

Neutral two- and three-pion productions in proton-proton collisions at a center of mass energy of 2.465 GeV have been studied using the WASA detector and an internal pellet target at the CELSIUS storage ring in Uppsala. An important part of the detector for the measurments was a central electromagnetic calorimeter composed of 1012 CsI crystals, which measured the photons originating from neutral pion decays. Test measurements and calibration procedures for this detector part were carried out. An important part of the analysis was the identification of the neutral pions from the invariant mass of the decay gammas and the use of Monte Carlo simulations to understand the detector responds. Total cross sections for the pp→ppπ0π0 and pp→ppπ0π0π0 reactions are presented as well as distributions of relevant kinematical variables for the pp→ppπ0π0 reaction. The distributions show significant deviations from phase space predictions. These deviations are typical for resonance production. The excitation of two simultaneous Δ resonances seems to be the main reaction mechanism.

After a long-time preparation, CSI 300 index futures has made a milestone in the financial market in China in the 16 of April, 2010. In order to know what kind of impact will bring to stock market after the appearance of stock index future, the study discusses volatility and volume separately. On one hand, the study applies Modified Levene and GJR-GARCH as the empirical model, and the result indicates that stock return fluctuation is a short-term phenomenon. However, the result shows that the stock return volatility has no difference in the long-run. Furthermore, it not only reduces the asymmetric return fluctuation from good and bad news cause but improve the information efficiency in the spot market after the introduction of the stock index futures. On the other hand, the study applies multiple regression model and panel model to examine the crowding-out effect and the volume difference after the stock index futures enters the market. First, there is no crowding-out effect in the stock market. Second, both the trading volume of the constituent and non-constituent stocks increase after the introduction of the stock index futures, whereas the level of increasing trading volume of the constituent stocks is larger than non- constituent stocks are.

In this thesis a search for electron type neutrino-electron scattering cross-section and Weinberg Angle measurements were performed at KS Nuclear Power Station with 200 kg CsI(Tl) scintillating crystal detector located at a distance of 28 m from the 2.9 GW reactor core giving total flux of 6:52X10^12 cm^-2s^-1 in average at the experimental site. New analysis techniques and background suppression methods were developed. In the region of 3-8 MeV a measurement of SM cross section of (1:235+-0.577) XR_SM and Weinberg Angle of 0:264 +-0.075 which is quite consistent with the SM value of 0.23120(15)were obtained. These are the best results with wold wide level sensitivities at untested low energy region by using reactor anti-neutrinos.

This dissertation describes two possible methods for the calibration of an ultrasound tomography system developed at University of Manitoba's Electromagnetic Imaging Laboratory for imaging with the contrast-source inversion algorithm. The calibration techniques are adapted from existing procedures employed for microwave tomography. A theoretical model of these calibration principles is developed in order to provide a rationale for the effectiveness of the proposed procedures. The applicability of such an imaging algorithm and calibration methods in the context of ultrasound are discussed. Also presented are 2D and 3D finite-difference time-domain update equations for the simulation of acoustic wave propagation in inhomogeneous media. Details regarding the application of an absorbing boundary-condition, point-source modelling and the treatment of penetrable objects are included in this document.