Cette thèse porte sur l'allocation de ressources dans les réseaux mobiles ad hoc basés sur les protocoles ARQ Hybrides (HARQ), qui offrent une souplesse de déploiement rapide pour des communications à court terme dans le cadre d'applications militaires ou de futurs réseaux intelligents. L'OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) est considérée en particulier, en tant que solution prometteuse dans les standards de communication sans fil les plus récents. Bien qu'une coordination centralisée des communications soit rendue possible grâce à une organisation en clusters, il est toutefois difficile de remonter au coordinateur des informations fiables sur l'état du canal en vertu de la latence due à l'organisation de ce réseau. Ainsi les performances des liens seront renforcées par des mécanismes de retransmission HARQ, qui permettent de gérer les variations rapides du canal. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est l'allocation des ressources OFDMA dans les réseaux mobiles ad hoc basés sur les protocoles HARQ, en utilisant uniquement les statistiques à long terme du canal. Pour répondre à un besoin industriel, des schémas de modulation et de codage pratiques seront considérés en lieu et place des outils de capacité hérités de la théorie de l'information. En particulier, nous concevons et analysons de nouveaux algorithmes qui optimisent l'attribution de puissance, de largeur de bande, d'ordre de modulation et de rendement de codage, pour les mécanismes HARQ insérés dans le schéma multi-utilisateurs proposé. En raison de la présence de protocoles HARQ dans le réseau, une partie de la thèse est dédiée à l'étude des performances de l'HARQ que nous étendons à de nouveaux contextes.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of coping behaviour on the stress and psychological well-being as experienced by South African teachers. A review of relevant literature revealed that the teaching profession is an extremely stressful occupation globally. Factors contributing to the stress that teachers experience include the downsizing of the number of teachers in schools and insufficient training being provided for teachers. Exposure to these chronically stressful conditions has psychological and physical consequences for some teachers. Numerous studies, however, have also pointed out that some teachers, in the same teaching environment, experienced less stress and had better physical health than others. In an effort to gain clarity on these contradictory findings, many studies regarding the effect of various coping behaviours have been undertaken. No literature could, however, be found regarding the different coping behaviours used by African teachers and which strategies proved a success. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect that coping behaviour had on the level of stress, as well as psychosocial well-being, experienced by black South African teachers. The current study was conducted as part of the SABP A (Sympathetic Activity and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Africans) project conducted at the North-West University. Data for this sub study was collected through a cross-sectional design and the statistical consulting services of the university were involved in the analysis of the raw data. The Teacher Stress Inventory (TSI) (Boyle, Borg, Falzon, & Baglioni, 1995), the Coping Strategy Indicator (CSI) (Amirkhan, 1990), and the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) (Keyes, 2006) were administered to 200 urban African teachers residing in the Kenneth Kahunda district in the North West Province. The TSI was administered as a self report measure of occupational stress in teachers. The CSI was administered to all the participants in an attempt to establish what coping strategies were employed by them. It consists of three subscales (problem solving, avoidance, and seeking social support) which are independent of one another and, according to the authors, free from demographic influences. The MHC-SF was administered to all the participants as a measure of well-being. The MHC-SF places individuals on a continuum which ranges between complete mental health (flourishing) to incomplete mental health (languishing). Those who are neither flourishing nor languishing are said to be moderately mentally healthy. All the measures that were administered proved to be reliable and thus interpretable, except for the subscales of the TSI. Therefore, only the TSI total scale score was used for interpretation. Results indicated that this group of teachers were experiencing high levels of stress and were making above average use of all three coping behaviours to deal with their stressors. 70% of the teachers were reportedly moderately mentally healthy, while 2% of them were languishing, and only 28% of them were flourishing. Of these teachers, those who reported smoking and alcohol use as a coping behaviour were experiencing less stress than those who abstained. These results were, however, only of small to medium practical significance. Intercorrelational results indicated that, although stress levels were high, stress had no direct and significant relation to either coping or well-being. The use of certain coping strategies, however, correlated positively with some aspects of mental health. In order to elucidate the nature of the relationships that seemed to exist between these constructs, path analysis was conducted. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) results revealed a strong negative path between the use of avoidance as a coping strategy and the emotional well-being of participants. A direct significant path was reported between seeking social support and the social well-being of this group of teachers. Another significant finding was the existence of a direct path between problem solving and the social and psychological well-being reported by participants. The implications of these results, as well as the possible shortcomings of the current study and its limitations, were discussed. In conclusion, the results indicated that coping behaviour had little effect on the amount of stress that the teachers experienced, although it seems that coping behaviour does have a significant effect on some aspects of mental health. / Thesis (M.A. (Clinical Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of coping behaviour on the stress and psychological well-being as experienced by South African teachers. A review of relevant literature revealed that the teaching profession is an extremely stressful occupation globally. Factors contributing to the stress that teachers experience include the downsizing of the number of teachers in schools and insufficient training being provided for teachers. Exposure to these chronically stressful conditions has psychological and physical consequences for some teachers. Numerous studies, however, have also pointed out that some teachers, in the same teaching environment, experienced less stress and had better physical health than others. In an effort to gain clarity on these contradictory findings, many studies regarding the effect of various coping behaviours have been undertaken. No literature could, however, be found regarding the different coping behaviours used by African teachers and which strategies proved a success. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect that coping behaviour had on the level of stress, as well as psychosocial well-being, experienced by black South African teachers. The current study was conducted as part of the SABP A (Sympathetic Activity and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Africans) project conducted at the North-West University. Data for this sub study was collected through a cross-sectional design and the statistical consulting services of the university were involved in the analysis of the raw data. The Teacher Stress Inventory (TSI) (Boyle, Borg, Falzon, & Baglioni, 1995), the Coping Strategy Indicator (CSI) (Amirkhan, 1990), and the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) (Keyes, 2006) were administered to 200 urban African teachers residing in the Kenneth Kahunda district in the North West Province. The TSI was administered as a self report measure of occupational stress in teachers. The CSI was administered to all the participants in an attempt to establish what coping strategies were employed by them. It consists of three subscales (problem solving, avoidance, and seeking social support) which are independent of one another and, according to the authors, free from demographic influences. The MHC-SF was administered to all the participants as a measure of well-being. The MHC-SF places individuals on a continuum which ranges between complete mental health (flourishing) to incomplete mental health (languishing). Those who are neither flourishing nor languishing are said to be moderately mentally healthy. All the measures that were administered proved to be reliable and thus interpretable, except for the subscales of the TSI. Therefore, only the TSI total scale score was used for interpretation. Results indicated that this group of teachers were experiencing high levels of stress and were making above average use of all three coping behaviours to deal with their stressors. 70% of the teachers were reportedly moderately mentally healthy, while 2% of them were languishing, and only 28% of them were flourishing. Of these teachers, those who reported smoking and alcohol use as a coping behaviour were experiencing less stress than those who abstained. These results were, however, only of small to medium practical significance. Intercorrelational results indicated that, although stress levels were high, stress had no direct and significant relation to either coping or well-being. The use of certain coping strategies, however, correlated positively with some aspects of mental health. In order to elucidate the nature of the relationships that seemed to exist between these constructs, path analysis was conducted. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) results revealed a strong negative path between the use of avoidance as a coping strategy and the emotional well-being of participants. A direct significant path was reported between seeking social support and the social well-being of this group of teachers. Another significant finding was the existence of a direct path between problem solving and the social and psychological well-being reported by participants. The implications of these results, as well as the possible shortcomings of the current study and its limitations, were discussed. In conclusion, the results indicated that coping behaviour had little effect on the amount of stress that the teachers experienced, although it seems that coping behaviour does have a significant effect on some aspects of mental health. / Thesis (M.A. (Clinical Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-07-20T13:50:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3151113 bytes, checksum: 11e87c35ec2899531a26a1da6a8d7bd0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-20T13:50:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3151113 bytes, checksum: 11e87c35ec2899531a26a1da6a8d7bd0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos - Finep / The buildings are degraded over time, requiring therefore performing maintenance services. These services generate costs, which are the maintenance costs. And when you speak of the study of maintenance costs in Social Housing, this is a little explored subject, and when it comes to the ones which were built with some innovative/ unconventional building system even more. From the knowledge of this gap in terms of maintenance costs on Social Housing and starting from this scenario this dissertation addresses the issue of maintenance costs in Social Housing that used the innovative building system of "sealing walls in molded concrete slabs on site" from the district Mariz I, located in João Pessoa-PB. For the elaboration of the aforementioned dissertation the approach method was deductive, we used the techniques of direct and indirect documentation (extensive) and was adopted probabilistic sampling process. The research that was carried out and has as product this dissertation is classified as to nature, in quantitative, as the purpose in applied, as the type, descriptive and on the design, in survey research. This work proposes to detail all the items that have undergone maintenance over the years studied in the Social Housing addressed, as well as costs arising from this activity, called actual costs; seeking in prior, with the known values of maintenance expenditures, to project itself in terms of future costs for a given period in each case, from the development of a measurement tool for the maintenance costs that uses the principle of cost-significant item (CSI) and aided by statistical mechanisms. However, as the work progressed other relevant factors were becoming notorious, such as the influence of socioeconomic status of the buildings residents with maintenance costs; the calculation of the cost items that were not done maintenance work, but it was found the need to be made, those called potential costs; the perception of the buildings conservation status in the optics of quality of maintenance practice, among others. In general it was found that the maintenance of the activity was carried out informally and in corrective manner. It has been seen that 22% of maintenance items contributed to 95% of the actual costs of the analyzed buildings. The paint item was the most representative, in terms of effective maintenance costs. About the potential costs, in the most of dwellings, there was a tendency of proportional reversal of the amount thereof compared to actual costs. The values of the maintenance costs were directly proportional to the purchasing power of residents, income limitations of these influenced the absence / postponement of the building’s maintenance, and also in the final result of their execution. / As edificações sofrem degradação com o tempo, necessitando, portanto, da realização de serviços de manutenção. Esses serviços geram despesas, que são os custos de manutenção. E quando se fale do estudo dos custos de manutenção em HIS, este é um assunto pouco explorado, e se tratando das que foram construídas com algum sistema construtivo inovador/não convencional ainda mais. A partir do conhecimento desta lacuna em termos de custos de manutenção em HIS e partindo desse panorama a presente dissertação aborda a questão dos custos de manutenção em HIS que utilizaram o sistema construtivo inovador de “paredes de vedação em placas de concreto moldadas in loco” do conjunto Mariz I, localizado na cidade de João Pessoa- PB. Para a construção da supracitada dissertação o método de abordagem utilizado foi o dedutivo, foram utilizadas as técnicas de documentação indireta e direta (extensiva) e foi adotado o processo de amostragem probabilista. A pesquisa que foi realizada e tem como produto esta dissertação, classifica-se quanto à natureza, em quantitativa, quanto à finalidade em aplicada, quanto ao tipo em descritiva e quanto ao delineamento, em pesquisa de levantamento. Este trabalho se propôs a detalhar todos os itens que sofreram manutenção ao longo dos anos estudados nas HIS abordadas, bem como os custos oriundos desta atividade, denominados de custos efetivos; buscando a priori com os valores conhecidos dos gastos com manutenção se projetar apenas em termos de custos futuros para um dado período em cada caso específico, a partir do desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de mensuração de custo de manutenção que utiliza-se do princípio de itens custos significativos (CSI) e auxiliada por mecanismos estatísticos. No entanto, à medida que se deu o andamento do trabalho outros fatores relevantes foram se tornando notórios, tais como: a influência da situação socioeconômica dos moradores das edificações com os custos de manutenção; o cálculo dos custos de itens em que não foram feitas intervenções de manutenção, mas que se constatou a necessidade de serem feitas, estes denominados de custos potenciais; a percepção do estado de conservação das edificações na ótica da qualidade da prática da manutenção, entre outros aspectos. Em linhas gerais constatou-se que a atividade de manutenção, foi realizada informalmente e de maneira corretiva. Foi visto que 22% dos itens de manutenção contribuíram com 95% dos custos efetivos das edificações analisadas. O item pintura foi o mais representativo, em termos de custos efetivos de manutenção. Sobre os custos potenciais, na maioria das moradias, há uma tendência de inversão proporcional do montante destes, em relação aos custos efetivos. Os valores dos custos de manutenção foram diretamente proporcionais ao poder aquisitivo dos moradores, as limitações de renda destes influenciaram na ausência/protelação da manutenção das edificações, mas também no resultado final da sua execução.

Ce travail a pour but l'optimisation du traitement numérique de signaux générés dans le cristal de ICs d'un calorimètre électromagnétique, dans le cadre d'expériences à haut taux de comptage telle que Belle II. La scintillation du cristal est convertie en signal électronique par une photopentode de Hamamatsu avec un gain de 150±2 électrons par photoélectron, pour être amplifiée par un préamplificateur. Le shaper, un filtre actif de type CR-(RC)^4, effectue ensuite une mise en forme du signal, qu'un ADC numérise alors pour qu'il soit traité numériquement par le DSP. À partir de formes de référence, le DSP peut extraire l'énergie déposée par une particule incidente et le temps d'occurence de son passage. Pour définir les formes de référence, on a déterminé que sur les trois approches étudiées, soit des formes moyennes expérimentales, soit à partir de la fonction analytique pour un filtre actif ou soit une somme de 3 gaussiennes, la plus optimale est l'ajustement de cette dernière fonction, que ce soit avec un générateur d'impulsions ou un cristal de ICs. De plus, la règle pour convertir l'amplitude des signaux mesurés en énergie déposée dans le cristal a été établie, malgré une gamme dynamique étroite. On a aussi observé des temps moyens de propagation de la scintillation dans le cristal de 47±4 ns et 3,4±0,5 $\mu$s, liés aux deux états d'excitation accessibles aux atomes du ICs, mais aussi à la géométrie du cristal, aux réflexions de photons sur les parois et au temps de réaction des circuits électroniques, qui allongent ces temps de scintillation mesurés. / The goal of this work is to optimize the digital processing of signals generated in the CsI crystal of an electromagnetic calorimeter, in the context of high counting rate experiments like Belle II. The scintillation from the crystal is converted into an electronic signal by a Hamamatsu photopentode with a gain of 150±2 electrons per photoelectron, to then be amplified by a preamplifier. The signal is then shaped by the shaper, a CR-(RC)^4 active filter, before it is digitized by an ADC, to be processed by the DSP. Using reference shapes, the DSP can extract the energy deposited by an incident particle and the time of occurence of it going through the crystal. To define the reference shapes, we determined that of the three approaches studied, which are experimental average shapes, the analytical function for an active filter and the sum of 3 gaussian functions, the best results were achieved using the last one, both with the pulse generator and the CsI crystal. Also, a conversion formula has been established to convert the measured signals' amplitudes into deposited energy in the crystal, despite a narrow dynamic range. We also observed average propagation times of the scintillation through the crystal of 47±4 ns and 3,4±0,5 $\mu$s, related to the two accessible excitation states of the CsI atoms, but also to the crystal's geometry, the reflections of photons on its surface and the reaction time of the electronics circuits, which make those scintillation times appear longer.

Forensic science television shows, especially CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, have been said to influence the public’s perception of how forensic science is used and create interest in studying forensic science and pursuing jobs in the field. This study investigates this claim through a variety of methods. First, definitions of the CSI effect are discussed, including how it was first used and mentioned in the media. Second, survey data from students in a forensic anthropology course regarding interest in forensic science media and educational and career choices are analyzed. Third, the number and debut dates of forensic science non-fiction books, novels, non-fiction television shows, and television dramas are investigated. Finally, a content analysis of the television show Bones is undertaken in order to understand how the forensic anthropology presented in this show differs from the actual practice of forensic anthropology. Results of this study indicate that, overall, students who wanted to pursue forensic science careers and graduate study did not watch more forensic science television shows and read more forensic science novels than those who did not want to pursue forensic science careers and graduate study. Also, based on the decreased interest in a number of forensic careers, it appears that respondents may have started the course with false perceptions regarding the actual job descriptions of these careers. Regarding the number and debut dates of forensic science media, this study found that the majority of non-fiction forensic anthropology books, non-fiction television shows, television dramas debuted after CSI appeared, corroborating the claim that CSI led to an increase in interest in forensic iii anthropology. In addition, this study found that while much of Bones is fictionalized for entertainment purposes, many of the techniques and analyses presented on the show have a peripheral basis in scientific methods.

No description available.

No description available.

La fan fiction est un" phénomène qui se caractérise par la rédaction de récits reprenant l'univers et les personnages d'un auteur et ou créateur. Dans cette étude, nous analyserons les différents types de transgressions que les auteurs de fan fictions peuvent effectuer sur une oeuvre originale. Pour ce faire, nous allons nous pencher sur les fan fictions de trois séries télévisées contemporaines appartenant au genre policier: Due South, CSI et Law and Order. En étudiant les oeuvres apocryphes de ces séries, nous pourrons ' montrer les différentes techniques utilisées par les auteurs de récits faniques pour s'approprier et remodeler un texte d'origine.

<p>This study researches fictional representations of dead bodies in two television series in which representations of dead bodies are prominent features. The study introduces a brief history of the  human body as a societal metaphor. The narrower theme of the study, the dead body as a cultural surface and carrier of meaning and ritual potential, is discussed through specific popular cultural television productions.</p><p>The two television series discussed in this study, <em>CSI: Miami </em>and <em>Six Feet Under</em>, are researched both through film analyses and focus group discussions. The film analyses have aimed<em> </em>to show to what use dead bodies are put in the narratives of the programs. The focus group discussions have sought to shed light on the audiences understanding of the meaning of the dead body, and also how this feature of the programs influence the audience and their experience of the programs.</p><p>The study shows that both series introduce and underline dead bodies as floating in-between subject and object status. A dead person is often introduced as a subject and then stripped of his or her cultural identity and reintroduced as an object or as having an uncertain cultural status which lies somewhere between object and subject. This borderline status of the body serves as a threat in the series, and the subject status of the body is reinstated in every case possible. Order is a central concept for the study and both series strive to reassert and maintain order, either in relationships or on a societal level. The reinstatement of order is reflected on the physical body as a metaphor and narrative device in both series. The reestablishment of the subject status of a dead body is part of this strive for order. The audience research concludes that all focus group members agree that the representations of dead bodies in the programs are important for their experience of the programs. Some find them unpleasant while others think they are interesting. The audience also listed several other themes of the programs which they found important. The representations of dead bodies strike the audience members both as “real” and material, and as metaphors.</p>