This work is focused on the problematics of small CO2 lasers and their possible use for commercial production. The first part describes devices available on the market and evaluation of their parameters. The practical part specifies the parameters that arise from the potential use of technology. Based on these parameters, design of the machine and its complete mechanical design are elaborated. Furthermore, the experimental part deals with the design of structural components, control system, electrical systems and in general a complex technical-technological solution of the equipment, including economic evaluation of the design. Part of the work is also the construction of the machine itself, including activation, adjustment and debugging for the considered production. The constructed machine was subject to testing to ensure required quality of production.

The validity of transfer matrix method (TMM) employed in a nonlinear gear cam system is studied in this thesis. The nonlinear dynamic responses of each part in the nonlinear system are estimated by applying the 4th-order Runge-Kutta method. A high speed gear cam drive automatic die cutter was analyzed in this study. A 25 horsepower AC induction motor is designed to drive the system. To complete the cutting work, a sequential process of the harmonic motion and the intermittent motion are generated by the elbow mechanism and the gear cam mechanism, respectively. A simplified branched multi-rotor system is modeled to approximate the motion of the system. The variation of the dynamic parameters of the system in a loading cycle is estimated under a branched torsional system. The Holzer¡¦s transfer matrix method is used to study the variation of the system parameters during the intermittent movement. Moreover, the effect of time-varied speed introduced from the torque variation of the induction motor and gear cam mechanism on the nonlinear dynamic response of the system has also been investigated. To explore the dynamic effect of different cam designs, three different cam motion curves and seven operating rates have been analyzed in this work. The residual vibration of the last sprocket has also been discussed. Numerical results indicate that the proposed model is available to simulate the dynamic responses of a nonlinear gear cam drive system.

Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2017-07-26T14:12:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Janaína Benício Marques.pdf: 14648505 bytes, checksum: d012b9258828a4761e4dc0c746b9ce9a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2017-08-29T15:31:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Janaína Benício Marques.pdf: 14648505 bytes, checksum: d012b9258828a4761e4dc0c746b9ce9a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-29T15:31:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Janaína Benício Marques.pdf: 14648505 bytes, checksum: d012b9258828a4761e4dc0c746b9ce9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-25 / OBJECTIVE: To compare earmolds obtained by the CAD / CAM system and the conventional pre-molding method. METHODS: Comfort sensations and anthropometric measures were analyzed in 30 ears of 15 volunteers randomly selected from a private clinic in a Brazilian Northeast Municipality, who underwent two procedures to obtain measurements, a CT scan composing the case group and preforming, constituting the control group. After the preparation of the silicone earmolds, the physical test of the devices was performed by the blind study method, in which the participants were not aware of the origin of each mold. RESULTS: The concepts Regular (53.3%), Good (20%) and Bad (20%), in the control group prevailed, based on the self-perception of the participants, while in the method proposed by the biomodel the concepts Good (73.3%) and Optimum (26.7%). As for the anthropometric linear measurements per ear in each of the evaluation forms: Conventional Preform, Conventional Silicone, Biomodel and Mold proposed significant differences (p <0.05) were found between the evaluation forms in the variables "Intertragic Incision - Top border of the Shell "," Length of the socket "" Depth of External Acoustic Meatus "," Thickness of EAM "and" Volume "in each ear. The coefficient of standard deviation being less than half of the corresponding mean values.CONCLUSION: In view of the above, it is possible to obtain atrial molds from tomographic images with favorable results. / OBJETIVO: Comparar auxiliares de audição obtidos pelo sistema CAD/CAM e pelo método convencional de pré-moldagem. METODOLOGIA: Foram analisadas as sensações de conforto e medidas antropométricas em 30 orelhas de 15 voluntários escolhidos aleatoriamente de uma clínica particular de um município do Nordeste brasileiro, os quais foram submetidos aos dois processos de obtenção de medidas, exame de tomografia computadorizada compondo o grupo caso e pré-moldagem constituindo o grupo controle. Após a confecção dos moldes de silicone, a prova física dos dispositivos foi realizada pelo método do estudo cego, onde os participantes não tinham conhecimento acerca da origem de cada molde. RESULTADOS: Com base na avaliação de autopercepção dos participantes quanto à técnica de obtenção dos moldes prevaleceram, no grupo controle, os conceitos Regular (53,3%), Bom (20%) e Ruim (20%), enquanto no método proposto pelo biomodelo prevaleceram os conceitos Bom (73,3%) e Ótimo (26,7%). Quanto às medidas lineares antropométricas por orelha em cada uma das formas de avaliação: Pré-molde convencional, Silicone convencional, Biomodelo e Molde proposto foram verificadas diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) entre as formas de avaliação nas variáveis ―Incisura Intertrágica – Bordo superior da Concha‖, ―Comprimento do encaixe‖ ―Profundidade de Meato Acústico Externo‖, ―Espessura do MAE‖ e do ―Volume‖ em cada uma das orelhas. Estando o coeficiente de desvio padrão inferior a metade dos valores das médias correspondentes. CONCLUSÃO: Diante do exposto, verifica-se que é possível obter moldes auriculares a partir de imagens tomográficas com resultados favoráveis.

The work is focused on introduction and brief description of CAM software PowerMill 2020 from a company named Autodesk. Furthermore, this thesis discusses the issue of CAD/CAM systems, especially additive manufacturing. Description, division, technology, materials and area of application of additive manufacturing including advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The work also includes the issue of hybrid manufacturing and introduces the most important companies operating in this area of production. The practical part of the thesis is mainly focused on outlining the machining process of own designed part in the PowerMILL2020.

Orientador: Marcos Valério Ribeiro / Resumo: O dissilicato de lítio, Li2Si2O5, é um material vitrocerâmico muito utilizado na fabricação de próteses dentárias, possui grande destaque por ser biocompatível e devido suas propriedades estéticas, químicas e mecânicas, permite a confecção de próteses a partir da usinagem CAD/CAM (COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN / COMPUTER-AIDED MANUFACTURING), com elevada precisão dimensional e a possibilidade de restauração imediata em pacientes. Os materiais comerciais são disponibilizados com estrutura Li2SiO3 (metassilicato de lítio) cujas características são: alta usinabilidade e baixa tenacidade à fratura. Após a usinagem das próteses, o material sofre tratamento térmico visando à conversão do Li2SiO3 em Li2Si2O5 (dissilicato de litio), fase de melhor tenacidade e excelente apelo estético. A compreensão desta transformação de fase, seus efeitos na usinabilidade e nas propriedades mecânicas é de interesse tecnológico e científico, pois o material será utilizado como prótese dentária após este processamento. Este trabalho visou à avaliação do Li2Si2O5 em relação as propriedades químicas, físicas e mecânicas quando submetido a diferentes tratamentos térmicos. Foram empregados métodos de caracterização por difração de raios X (DRX), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), massa específica aparente, além da determinação da dureza, tenacidade à fratura, constantes elásticas e resistência à flexão biaxial sob diferentes condições de tratamento térmico. Também foram analisados a distribuição de partí... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor

O objetivo deste presente estudo foi comparar duas marcas comerciais diferentes de Dissilicato de Lítio para o sistema CAD / CAM (IPS e.max CAD e Rosetta SM CAD / CAM), avaliando suas propriedades estruturais, morfológicas e mecânicas. Para avaliar as propriedades estruturais foram necessárias duas amostras de cada grupo, para serem analisadas por meio do DRX (difração de raios X). As propriedades morfológicas foram analisadas utilizando o MEV (Microscopia eletrônica de Varredura) antes e depois do tratamento térmico, e o teste de porosidade, realizado através de uma tomografia computadorizada em 3D (micro-CT). Para avaliar as propriedades mecânicas foi realizado o teste flexural de três pontos e o teste de microcisalhamento, e para isto foram selecionados dez espécimes de cada grupo para cada teste. Os valores médios de porosidade e da resistência flexural de três pontos foram analisados pelo teste t e a resistência de união obtida através do microcisalhamento foi analisada pelo teste Anova Two-way. Todos os testes usaram um nível de significância de α = 0,05. Os resultados obtidos pela análise estrutural realizada pelo DRX apresentaram picos no difractograma correspondentes ao Metassilicato de Lítio e o Dissilicato de Lítio, com intensidades semelhantes para ambos os grupos testados. Após realizar a microscopia eletrônica de varredura, não foi encontrado diferenças na morfologia dos cristais, em ambas as cerâmicas testadas, antes e depois do tratamento térmico. O teste de porosidade não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o valor total de poros encontrados. Ambos os resultados dos testes mecânicos não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas entre os grupos avaliados. Baseado nos resultados encontrados, não houve diferença entre as duas marcas comerciais testadas, em relação as suas propriedades estruturais, morfológicas e mecânicas. / The aim of the present study was to compare two different brands of lithium disilicate CAD/CAM blocks (IPS e.max CAD and Rosetta SM CAD/CAM), evaluated by structural, morphological and mechanical properties. Two specimens of each group were analyzed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) to evaluate the structures of the ceramic material. Morphologic properties were analyzed using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) before and after the heat treatment; and porosity test was performed using a 3D micro-computed tomography analyses (micro-CT). Ten specimens of each group were submitted to three-point flexure strength and microshear bond strength tests, to analyze the mechanical properties of both brands. Mean values of porosity test and three-axial flexural strength were analyzed by t Test, and the microshear bond strength was analyzed by Anova two-way. All tests used a significance level of α=0.05. The structure results performed by XDR, presented high peak positions corresponding to the standard lithium metasilicate and lithium disilicate, with similar intensities for both tested groups. The morphologic results demonstrated similar patterns of crystalline structure, before and after the heat treatment and the porosity test showed no difference between the number and size of the pores found. Both mechanical tests results did not present statistically significant differences between the samples. Based on the results, there was no difference in relation to their structural, morphological and mechanical properties, between the two commercial brands tested. / Dissertação (Mestrado)

Objective graduation theses, is determining and propound optimal alternate manufacturing section servant as base of electron microscope. As a production method is used chippy cutting on numerical controlled machine behind by the help of usage progressive cutting tools. To construction control program was use 3D CAD/CAM system of Solid Vision, Ltd. Corporation. Product working is complete project and procedure on manufacturing section, that is in finish well-founded technoeconomic evaluation.

<p>Energy conservation is a growing topic of research within various fields.  Digital Hydraulics is a division of fluid power that focuses on using on/off technology to improve the performance and efficiency of fluid power systems. One significant benefit of Digital Hydraulics is that it has enabled additional control over fluid power systems, which helps achieve component and system level improvements. Conventional radial and inline piston pumps use positive sealing valves, which mitigate leakage losses, compared to port plates commonly seen in variable displacement pumps. By using digitally controlled positive sealing valves on radial and inline piston pumps, leakage losses can be mitigated to develop a more efficient variable displacement pump. This work focuses on the design, modeling, and simulation of a mechanically actuated valving system developed for a commercially available radial piston pump. The design uses a ball screw actuation method to phase the cam during operation, changing the displacement. Using a modeling and simulation software, GT-SUITE, a simulation model was created for the digital pump that shows close correlation to the manufacturer’s data at high pressure. The parameters simulated, 50 – 200 bar, showed that the system could achieve a peak efficiency drop of approximately 11.0% from 87.0% to 76.0% from 100 – 25% displacement simulated at 200 bar and 500rpm. Compared to a typical variable displacement axial piston pump unit, the digital pump showed increased efficiencies across the bandwidth of 35-83% displacement, with a lower overall drop in efficiency across most of its operating conditions. In the comparison used, the pump is outside of its operating range and has not been optimized; thus, the simulation model created in this thesis will be used in the future to optimize the system and evaluate the system's potential performance and feasibility for future prototyping and testing as a proof of concept.  </p>