Os conhecimentos produzidos acerca das interações de bebês em contextos coletivos têm priorizado suas interações com os adultos. Em contextos de acolhimento institucional de crianças em situação de vulnerabilidade, isso se repete, o estudo de bebês nesse contexto estando imerso em invisibilidade. Entendendo que o ser humano é relação, tal característica estando presente mesmo no bebê, hipótese do trabalho é de que suas interações ali poderiam ser mais efetivadas com outras crianças acolhidas já que, nesse contexto, funcionárias são orientadas a não se apegar aos bebês e/ou dispensam pouca presença pela sobrecarga de trabalho. Assim, o objetivo foi investigar as ocorrências de práticas de cuidado na interação de crianças e bebês em situação de acolhimento institucional. A pesquisa teve fundamentação na perspectiva da Rede de Significações, de referencial histórico-cultural. O estudo foi realizado em instituição de acolhimento do interior do Mato Grosso do Sul, de onde se selecionou dois bebês focais Caio e Ana (de sete e dez meses) -, sem parentesco entre eles. Além deles, foram participantes as crianças também acolhidas naquele período e a própria pesquisadora. Foram realizadas 47 videogravações, de trinta minutos cada, por seis meses, sendo três meses com cada bebê focal. Também foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com funcionários da instituição e, ainda, construiu-se diário de campo. A noção de cuidado foi baseada nos conceitos de Heidegger - Cuidado por Ocupação (baseado em tarefas) e Cuidado por Preocupação (baseado no Ser Com). O cuidado por preocupação teve tonalidades diversas: Atenção, como ir em direção ao bebê, quando o percebia sozinho; Solicitude, como ir em direção ao bebê, em decorrência de expressividades diversas; e, Preocupação/tensão, ir em direção ao bebê, para protegê-lo/ socorrê-lo em situações de perigo. À análise, verificou-se muitas interações das crianças, a maioria concentrada em brincadeiras. Com relação às práticas de cuidado, verificou-se grande ocorrência nas interações das crianças com os bebês e mesmo na interação de bebês, envolvendo as três tonalidades acima. Os cuidados eram, em grande parte, de interações recíprocas, diádicas e comumente viabilizadas por crianças mais velhas (multietárias). Os parceiros que ofertaram cuidados diferenciados eram os mais afetivos e buscados pelos bebês. Embora os cuidados fossem mais ofertados por meninas, este estudo demonstrou que meninos também cuidaram dos bebês. No caso de Ana, as interações não envolviam crianças com grau de parentesco, diferentemente do caso de Caio, que foi bastante cuidado pela irmã. Discute-se a importância do estabelecimento de relações naquele contexto, particularmente nos grupos de irmãos, de forma que possam preservar identidade familiar e manutenção dos vínculos afetivos. As interações permeadas por trocas afetivas foram vistas, como tendo indícios de empatia pelas crianças, mesmo as bem novas, sendo uma questão conceitual a ser explorada em futuros estudos. Pontua-se que tais interações e práticas de cuidados não devem substituir os cuidados dos adultos. A mediação pelo adulto é fundamental e deve ser implementada, inclusive considerando a questão da organização das crianças e sua localização dentro do ambiente de acolhimento / Interactions of babies with adults in collective contexts have been prioritized by most research literature. In institutional care of vulnerable babies, researches are immersed in invisibility. The relationship that features the human being is present even in the baby. Our work hypothesis is that babies interactions could be great effective when occur with children. In that context, employees are oriented not to attach to the babies and pay little attention due to work overload. The objective was to investigate the occurrences of care actions within the interaction of children and babies in an institutional host situation. The research was based on the Network of Meanings, historical, and cultural perspectives. The study was carried out in a care institution in the interior of Mato Grosso do Sul, from which two focal babies - Caio and Ana (seven and ten months old) - were selected, without any relationship between them. In addition, children who were also welcomed in the care institution and the researcher herself participated. For six months, thirty minutes of each 47 video were recorded, three months with each of two focal babies. Also, semi-structured interviews were conducted with employees of the institution, and a kind of logbook was also written to better understanding institutional dynamics. The notion of care was based on the Heidegger concepts - Care for Occupation (based on tasks) and Care for Concern (based on Being With). Care for worry had several tones: Attention, Solicitude, Worry, that is how heading towards the baby, when it was alone or crying, and protect or help it in dangerous situations. At the analysis, many interactions of the children were verified, most concentrated in jokes. With regard to the care practices, there was a great occurrence in the interactions of the children with the babies and even in the babies interaction involving the three shades above. Care was largely of reciprocal interactions, dyadic and commonly made feasible by older children (multistage). Partners who offered differentiated care were the most affectionate and sought after by baby. Although the care was more offered by girls, this study showed that boys also care. In Ana\'s case, interactions did not involve children with a degree of kinship, unlike the case of Caio, who was taken care of by her sister. It is discussed the importance of establishing relationships in that context, particularly in sibling groups, so that they can preserve family identity and maintain affective bonds. Interactions permeated by affective exchanges were seen as having signs of empathy for children, even the new ones, being a conceptual issue to be explored in future studies. It is pointed out that such interactions and caring practices should not replace the care of adults. Mediation by the adult is fundamental and should be implemented, including considering the issue of the organization of children and their location within the care environment

Bakgrund: Diabetes typ 1 är en sjukdom som ständigt ökar världen över. För att kunna leva ett bra liv trots sjukdomen är egenvård en grundläggande faktor. Syfte: Att beskriva personers erfarenheter av egenvård vid diabetes typ 1. Metod: En litteraturöversikt gjordes baserat på tio kvalitativa artiklar som analyserades med hjälp av Fribergs femstegsmodell. Resultat: Egenvård vid diabetes typ 1 är en utmaning i vardagen då det krävs ständig kontroll och fasta rutiner för att hantera sjukdomen. Att känna sig utanför samt utomståendes kunskapsbrist påverkar egenvården negativt. För att ha en god egenvård är socialt stöd från familj, vänner och vårdpersonal en viktig faktor. Slutsats: Rutiner, socialt stöd samt förståelse från utomstående är viktigt för att personer med diabetes typ 1 ska kunna sköta sina egenvårdsåtgärder som dagligen behöver göras för att hålla sjukdomen under kontroll. Bristande egenvård beror ofta på saknad av acceptans för sin sjukdom, bristfälliga rutiner på arbetet samt önskan om att känna sig normal. Vårdpersonalen har ett stort ansvar till att informera och stötta personer till god personcentrerad egenvård. / Background: Diabetes type 1 is a disease that constantly increases all over the world. In order to live a good life despite the disease, self-care is a fundamental factor. Aim: To describe peoples experiences of self-care while living with diabetes type 1. Method: A literature overview was made based on ten qualitative articles that were analyzed using Friberg’s five-step model.  Result: Self-care in diabetes type 1 is a challenge in the everyday life because of the constant control and the set routines needed to manage the disease. Feeling outside and people's lack of knowledge affect the self-care negatively. To be able to have a good self-care, social support from friends, family and health care workers is an important factor. Conclusion: In order for people with diabetes type 1 to adequately maintain their daily self-care and to keep the illness at bay, it is important that they have routines, social support and understanding from the people that they interact with regularly. Inadequate self-care is often caused by a lack of acceptance for the illness, insufficient routines and the desire to feel normal. Healthcare providers have a great responsibility to inform and support people for good self-care.

People expenencmg chronic pain encounter increases m needs and endure the consequences of failure to satisfy needs. In much of the management of people with chronic pain, chronic pain is considered an abstract phenomenon with little attention given to the human experience. Numerous literature focus on a mechanistic reductionistic approach in management of chronic pain. Most literature is written by medical practitioners, nurses and psychologists from a health-care oriented methodology, whereas minimal research literature was contributed from a pastoral care and counselling perspective. This dissertation explores the needs and feelings of people with chronic pain to identify their needs at the various developmental stages of their pain experience, and within their relevant ecosystems, in order to develop a pastoral response. / Practical Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology)

People expenencmg chronic pain encounter increases m needs and endure the consequences of failure to satisfy needs. In much of the management of people with chronic pain, chronic pain is considered an abstract phenomenon with little attention given to the human experience. Numerous literature focus on a mechanistic reductionistic approach in management of chronic pain. Most literature is written by medical practitioners, nurses and psychologists from a health-care oriented methodology, whereas minimal research literature was contributed from a pastoral care and counselling perspective. This dissertation explores the needs and feelings of people with chronic pain to identify their needs at the various developmental stages of their pain experience, and within their relevant ecosystems, in order to develop a pastoral response. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology)