Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1965. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: l. 25-26.

Abstract The psychological workload a pilot is exposed to during military flying is considered to be high, and good stress tolerance is needed. During military flying a huge amount of environmental information is transformed to neural signals which finally lead to motor and behavioral changes, and also to chemial secretion of neuroendocrine hormones. This study deals with neuroendocrine measurements performed in four procedures: psychomotor test during military pilot selection, instrument flying (IFR) with piston-engine primary trainer, real and simulated jet trainer flight, and simulated combat fighter flight. Neuroendocrine hormones, hypothalamic CRH, pituitary ACTH, beta-endorphin, prolactin and vasopressin, the adrenal hormones cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline and a cardiac hormone, ANP, were assayed from plasma by using immunoassay and HPLC techniques. In the psychomotor test (procedure 1) plasma prolactin, ACTH and cortisol responses were associated with a high number of delayed responses, which was used as an indicator of information overload. Anticipatory type ACTH response, i.e. high ACTH level before the test, predicted poor overall result in the psychomotor test. In response to IFR flying (procedure II) the student pilots showed increased plasma prolactin, ACTH, cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels. Postflight adrenaline response correlated significantly with poor flight performance as well as a poor psychomotor test result. Low emotional control and high performance motivation measured by an aviation psychologist correlated significantly with neuroendocrine responses after the instrument flight. Flight with jet trainer (procedure III) led to increased plasma prolactin levels, evidently due to psychological workload, but no statistically significant plasma prolactin increase was found in the simulator. This suggests that psychological workload in the flight simulator is lower compared to real jet trainer. A significant ANP response to jet trainer flight was apparently associated with increased heart rate due to psychological workload of the flight mission. Simulated combat fighter flight (procedure IV) resulted in an anticipatory type stress reaction as judged from the elevated preflight plasma ACTH, and a direct type reaction was observed in cortisol. In one pilot the neuroendocrine activation was extreme and global, suggesting low stress tolerance under high information load. Increased neuroendocrine activation is associated with psychological workload of military flying. Neuroendocrine measurements can be used in a follow-up system of military pilots.

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Submitted by Natalia Vieira (natalia.vieira@famerp.br) on 2016-05-19T22:20:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rosangelaakemihoshi_tese.pdf: 2556179 bytes, checksum: a5e900121bd799f888f7c902c2e959c4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-19T22:20:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rosangelaakemihoshi_tese.pdf: 2556179 bytes, checksum: a5e900121bd799f888f7c902c2e959c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Introduction: Exercises promote changes in the Autonomic Nervous System, the mainly responsible for neurodegenerative functions. Due to its importance, several methods are used in evaluation such as Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis, considered an indirect technique to assess autonomic functions, but its use is still questioned. Objectives: To analyze the correlation between HRV indices and concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine, and observe post-exercise recovery, by HRV linear and nonlinear indices and cardiopulmonary parameters. Methods: 28 participants, divided into two groups (N = 14) had their recovery after exercise evaluated. One group performed submaximal effort (55% V̇O2peak), for 5 minutes, and the other, supramaximal (110% of peak V̇O2) until exhaustion. During 90 minutes post-exercise, blood samples were collected, cardiopulmonary variables were registered and HRV was analyzed. Results: Between baseline and immediately postexercise, we detected that adrenaline and noradrenaline showed significant nonlinear correlation with RR intervals, heart rate, HRV linear indices and nonlinear parameters related to complexity and fractality. After exercise performed at 55% of peak V̇O2, recovery was observed between 30 and 60 minutes, whereas for exercise at 110%, 90 minutes were not enough for returning of variables to baseline levels. Conclusions: Plasma catecholamine concentrations after exercise presented correlation with HRV linear indices and nonlinear parameters related to complex and fractal characteristics of heartbeats, especially the Lyapunov exponent. The variables recovery occurred at different times, but the changes caused by supramaximal exercise were more expressive and lasting. / Introdução: A realização de exercícios físicos promove alterações no sistema nervoso autônomo, principal responsável pelas funções neurovegetativas. Devido à sua importância, diversos métodos são utilizados para avaliação, como a análise da Variabilidade da Frequência Cardíaca (VFC), considerada uma técnica indireta de acesso ao funcionamento autonômico, porém seu emprego é ainda questionado. Objetivos: analisar a correlação entre índices de VFC e concentração de adrenalina e noradrenalina, e observar a recuperação pós-exercício, a partir dos índices lineares e não lineares de VFC e de parâmetros cardiopulmonares. Métodos: 28 participantes, divididos em dois grupos (N=14), foram submetidos à avaliação da recuperação após exercício. Um grupo realizou esforço submáximo (55% do V̇O2pico), por 5 minutos, e o outro, supramáximo ( 110% do V̇O2pico) até a exaustão. Durante 90 minutos pós-exercício foram realizadas coletas sanguíneas, registros das variáveis cardiopulmonares e análise da VFC. Resultados: No período entre o basal e imediatamente após o exercício, detectou-se que adrenalina e noradrenalina apresentaram correlações não lineares significantes com intervalos R-R, frequência cardíaca, índices lineares de VFC e parâmetros não lineares relacionados à complexidade e fractalidade. Após exercício realizado a 55% do V̇O2pico, a recuperação foi verificada entre 30 e 60 minutos, enquanto que para o esforço a 110%, 90 minutos não foram suficientes para o retorno das variáveis aos níveis basais. Conclusões: Concentrações de catecolaminas plasmáticas após exercícios apresentam correlação com índices lineares de VFC e parâmetros não lineares relacionados às características complexas e fractais dos batimentos cardíacos, sobretudo o expoente de Lyapunov. A recuperação das variáveis analisadas ocorreu em tempos diferentes, porém as alterações promovidas pelo exercício supramáximo foram muito mais expressivas e duradouras.

Thesis--M. Phil., University of Hong Kong, 1978. / Typewritten.

published_or_final_version / Zoology / Master / Master of Philosophy

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-163) / Microfiche. / xi, 163 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm

Thesis (M.D.S.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Dentistry, 1986. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-68).