Title: Comparison of the effectiveness of manual therapy and therapy using exercises in muscle postural ligations for painful neck syndromes. Objective: The main aim of this work is to compare commonly used physiotherapeutic techniques, exercise and mobilization, (manipulation) techniques in chronic, painful neck syndromes. Methods: The study involved a total of 30 probands with chronic neck pain, randomly divided into three groups of 10. In the first group the subject was health exercise, in the second group therapy with mobilization (manipulations) techniques and in the third group was a combination of both therapies. Probands were individually treated in five visits, 30 minutes for one visit. The evaluation methods were NRS, NDI and goniometry. The data was evaluated in Microsoft Office Excel. Results: The results showed that after 5 therapies there was a statistically significant reduction in pain on the NRS scale in all three groups. Within the NDI questionnaire there was a very small reduction in the ADL limitation, for all three groups, the changes were statistically significant. There were no changes in goniometry in any of the groups and changes were not statistically significant. Keywords: chronic neck pain, cervical spine, exercise, mobilization, NDI

M.Tech. / Purpose: A study to determine the efficacy of Traumeel® gel using phonophoresis in the treatment of a latent trapezius myofascial trigger point, with regards to pain perception, cervical spine range of motion and pressure pain tolerance.Methods: A single-blinded, controlled study design was utilised. Thirty participants who all presented with a latent trapezius myofascial trigger point were randomly divided into two groups of fifteen. Each individual was subjectively and objectively assessed from baseline values prior to receiving treatment. Group A received ultrasound utilising ultrasound gel over the trapezius myofascial trigger point, as the control group. Group B received phonophoresis with Traumeel® gel over the trapezius myofascial trigger point. All participants received two treatments per week, with a total of seven consultations, over the three week study period. The subjective data was obtained utilising a Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) whilst a hand held Algometer tested pressure pain tolerance and a Cervical Range of Motion Measuring Instrument (CROM) measured cervical spine range of motion. These were utilised to form the objective data. The Data was analysed using non-parametric tests. The two independent treatment groups were assessed for capability at treatments one, four and seven using the Mann-Whitney U-test (non-parametric version of the independent sample T-test). Changes over the three week period were observed and analyzed using the Repeated Measures test or the Friedman Test (Devey, 2010). Results: In this study ultrasound utilising ultrasound gel had a statistically significant impact on the trapezius myofascial trigger point. Statistical analysis of the Traumeel® gel suggests that there was no statistical significance with regards to any of the treatment parameters or variables measured. Subjectively ultrasound gel proved to be statistically and clinically significant in decreasing the participant’s pain perception. There was no statistical improvement but there was a clinical improvement in the Traumeel® gel group.

Foram avaliados 25 cães portadores de discopatia cervical aos exames radiográficos simples, mielografia e tomografia computadorizada. A dor foi o principal sinal clínico em 64% dos casos. Os animais com raça definida foram os mais acometidos (85%), tendo maior incidência da raça Teckel. A faixa etária mais acometida foi entre 7-9 anos (72%). O exame radiográfico simples indicou aspectos compatíveis com extrusão em 14 observações. A mielografia diagnosticou 15 extrusões, 18 protrusões e 4 hérnias de disco e forneceu informações quanto ao grau de compressão medular e extensão das lesões. A tomografia computadorizada (TC) indicou 16 extrusões, 22 protrusões e 3 hérnias de disco. O espaço de C2-3 foi o mais acometido. A TC permitiu o diagnóstico de extrusões calcificadas, mesmo na presença de pouca quantidade ou ausência de meio de contraste e indicou com precisão o grau de compressão medular, a extensão e principalmente, a localização das lesões. Concluiu-se com este estudo que os três exames se complementam e constituem importantes ferramentas para o planejamento clínico-cirúrgico. / Twenty-five dogs with disc disease in cervical spine were evaluated by radiological and computed tomographic exams. The most common clinical signs were neck pain present in 64% of the dogs. Of the animals 85% were pure breed, amongst them Teckel were most frequent (28%). The most cases occurred in animals between seven and nine years. C2-3 was the preferred site of cervical involvement. Radiographic plain indicated fourteen extrusion. Myelography demonstrated fifteen extrusions, eighteen protrusions and four disc hernias and indicated spinal cord grade compression and lesions extension. Computed tomographic (CT) demonstred sixteen extrusions, twenty-two protrusions and three disc hernias. The CT showed to be more sensitive for soft tissue calcification, and his superior contrast resolution allowed visualization small quantities of contrast material in the subarachnoid space and indicated with precision the site and extension of lesions as well as the degree of spinal cord compression. The three exams are complementary and give valuable information for clinical and chirurgical procedures.

Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die retrospektive Auswertung der operativ mit ventraler Dekompression und intersomatischer Fusion (ACDF) durch stand alone Cage versorgten Patienten und die Diskussion, ob eine postoperative Sinterung Einfluss auf das Outcome hat. Material und Methoden: Es wurden 33 Segmente operativ durch ACDF mit standalone-Cage bei 17 Patienten (11 Frauen und 6 Männer) Durchschnittsalter 56 Jahre (33 bis 82 Jahre) versorgt und nach durchschnittlich jeweils 8 und 26 Monaten klinisch, radiologisch und durch Scoreerhebung nachuntersucht. Ergebnisse: 70,6 % der Patienten (12/17) und 50,5% der Segmente (18/33) zeigten eine Sinterung. 36,3% der Sinterungen (12/33) bereits zur 1. NU nach 8 Monaten. Zur 2. NU nach 26 Monaten fand sich bei 100% eine Fusion ohne Pseudarthrose. Zusammenfassung: Die Sinterung des Cages hat keinen negativen Einfluss auf das Outcome. Wesentlich für das Outcome sind das Ausmaß und die Dauer der vorbestehenden Symptome. Es sollte besonders bei festgestellter Myelopathie frühzeitig eine operative Intervention erfolgen.:1. Einleitung 1 2. Zielsetzung 4 3. Grundlagen 5 3.1. Pathophysiologie 5 3.2. Symptome 8 3.2.1. Allgemeine Symptome 8 3.2.2. Radikulopathie 9 3.2.3. Myelopathie 10 3.3. Diagnostik 13 3.3.1. Anamnese und klinische Untersuchung 14 3.3.2. Bildgebende Diagnostik 15 3.3.3. Spezielle Zusatzdiagnostik 16 3.3.4 Differenzialdiagnosen 17 3.4. Therapie 18 3.4.1. Konservative Therapie 18 3.4.2. Operative Therapie 19 4. Material und Methoden 28 4.1. Patientenkollektiv 28 4.2. Vor - und Nachuntersuchung 30 4.2.1. Oswestry Neck Disability Index 31 4.2.2. Pain DETECT - Fragebogen 33 4.2.3. Die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität – MOS SF – 36 33 4.2.4. Visuelle Analogskala (VAS) 34 4.3. Cagesystem und Implantatmaterial 35 4.4. Operationsverfahren 37 4.5. Radiologische Messungen 42 4.6. Statistische Auswertung 43 5. Ergebnisse 44 5.1. Ergebnisse des Gesamtkollektives 45 5.1.1. Auswertung Schmerzen 45 5.1.2. Auswertung Alltagsbeeinträchtigung 46 5.1.3. Auswertung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität 47 5.2. Ergebnisse nach Geschlecht 48 5.3. Ergebnisse nach Alter 52 5.4. Ergebnisse des Sinterungsverhaltens 56 5.4.1. Schmerzen abhängig vom Sinterungsverhalten 59 5.4.2. Alltagsbeeinträchtigung abhängig vom Sinterungsverhalten 61 5.4.3. Lebensqualität nach MOS- SF 36 abhängig vom Sinterungsverhalten 61 5.5. Komplikationen 62 6. Diskussion 64 7. Zusammenfassung 79 8. Literaturverzeichnis 83 9. Tabellenverzeichnis 107 10. Abbildungsverzeichnis 108 11. Erklärung über die eigenständige Abfassung der Arbeit 111 12. Lebenslauf und wissenschaftlicher Werdegang 112 13. Danksagung 114 14. Anlagen 115 Anlage 1 - Oswestry Neck Disability Index Fragebogen 115 Anlage 2 - Pain Detect Fragebogen 117 Anlage 3 - MOS SF 36 Fragebogen 119

The anterior approach to cervical spine surgery is associated with many possible complications. Dysphagia has commonly been reported as one of these complications. A closer examination of the reports of dysphagia following anterior cervical spine surgery, however, reveals that while new onset transient dysphagia is often mentioned, long-term (greater than 48 hours) dysphagia has not been well described. In this article, we report the case of a 29-year-old female with long-term recurrent dysphagia following cervical spine surgery using the anterior approach. The important point about this case is that our patient's symptoms suddenly recurred for the first time after, nearly a two-month period of normal swallowing. Consequently, this patient has required multiple dilations. As a result, despite an initial lack of swallowing dysfunction or the return of normal swallowing, clinicians should be aware of the importance of reassessing swallowing in patients who have undergone cervical spine surgery using the anterior approach.

No description available.

Neck pain and injuries remain prevalent in many occupational categories. Risk factors include non-neutral neck postures and head loads. Most ergonomic tools do not account for the changes associated with these risk factors, or the effects that head position and load can have on the upper extremities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different neck postures and head loads on cervical discomfort and upper extremity functional integrity. Participants maintained flexed, extended, protracted, and neutral neck postures for a total of 4 minutes each. These trials were done both with and without a 3.68 kg head load. After each trial, measures of cervical discomfort, changes in hand sensation, hand and pinch grip strength, and holding forces were recorded. Cervical discomfort was found to increase in non-neutral postures and with the addition of a head load. Extension resulted in the greatest levels of discomfort, followed by flexion and protraction, with similar levels of discomfort, and neutral, which caused the least discomfort. Sternocleidomastoid activity increased in a loaded, non-neutral posture compared to an unloaded, neutral posture. These data could be implemented into current ergonomic tools to more comprehensively assess task demands and reduce the risk of injury. / Thesis / Master of Science in Kinesiology

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.