Internal communication is the heart in all actions in every organization and plays a key role in a successful change project. Volvo Cars is a global company in an implementation phase of the change project ”One Finance”. The purpose of the change project is to standardize the financial processes which will change the organization structure in the financial departments. Since this is a global change project there are several factors that can affect the internal communication and can result in affecting the success of a change project. The purpose of this thesis is to study the internal communication during a global change project and to analyze what factors are affecting the internal communication from a global perspective. The thesis will also include what impact internal communication has on the organization. The study will mainly be on the internal communication between the headquarter in Gothenburg and the developing financial department in America. Collecting primary data in terms of semi-structure interviews has provided an understanding about Volvo Cars internal communication. Using electronic communication channels and cascade-communication model the organization has informed well about the concept and the purpose of the change. Some respondents are still requesting information about how they should work according to the change. Overall the acceptance of this change has created job-satisfaction and increased the engagement for employees, this can lead to business success. All respondents agree that there are factors that affect the internal communication during this global change project. Organization culture, multi-cultured organizations, organization change, power structures and globalization are all affecting the internal communication in ways of how to communicate, the amount of internal communication, and the currents of the internal communication and can create misunderstandings. The thesis is including an internal communication matrix that gives a clear overview of how different internal stakeholders are working with the internal communication at different levels within the organization. This is creating an effective internal commutation system.

This thesis examines and develops a proposed manufacturing system methodology and quality control for the design, planning, scheduling and implementation of the Thermiculite 866 high volume manufacturing line, through the use of Lean Manufacturing, Total Quality Management and Change Management principles. The concept under investigation extends to the analysis of flow production benefits and restrictions considering specific characteristics of the product. A novel factory design methodology is proposed to achieve required production volumes and cost effective implementation. Furthermore, high product quality levels are warranted by developing a Strategic Alignment of Quality Function Deployment which brings commercial awareness to the early stages in the product/process development, and reduces the time to market it whilst promoting long-term solutions. The process and the layout design are supported by a proposed Batch/Flow Comparative Matrix. As a result, the proposed factory design methodologies and management of change introduced in the organization led to a successful production system design as well as controlled implementation according to stakeholders requirements. The design and partial implementation of the Thermiculite 866 production line illustrates the effectiveness of the methodology proposed in this thesis to manage and design the equipment and quality for the future Thermiculite production line.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka klienternas och socialarbetarnas upplevelse av metoden motiverande samtal (motivational interviewing, MI), vilket besvaras genom frågeställningarna; hur upplever klienten kontakten med socialarbetaren som använder MI och vad är socialarbetarens upplevelse av MI metoden. Studien är genomförd med en triangulerande kvalitativ metod där studiens syfte blir belyst från tre olika perspektiv. Empirin baseras därför på två stycken intervjuer med klienter, två stycken intervjuer med socialarbetare och två stycken inspelade verkliga MI-sessioner mellan klient och handläggare. Som teoretisk referensram har resultatet analyserats utifrån begreppet empowerment. Resultatet visar att relationen mellan socialarbetare och klient är en avgörande faktor för att kunna bryta ett destruktivt beteende. Att formulera delmål på vägen mot ett större mål anser samtliga informanter vara av stor vikt i förändringsarbetet. Klienten har ett egenansvar om att förändra sin livssituation, där den ena klienten ställer sig negativ till eget ansvar. Båda klienterna berättar att, när de befunnit sig i ett aktivt missbruk har kontakten med socialtjänsten endast handlat om att få pengar eller utnyttja systemet på något sätt. I denna fas finns inte någon motivation att förändras, vilket leder till svårigheter. Resultatet visar att klienterna har upplevt sin handläggare som stöttande och en trygghet i processen att bli fri från sitt missbruk. / The aim of the study was to investigate the clients 'and the social workers' experience of the method of motivational interviewing, which is answered by the questions; how do clients experience the contact with social workers who use MI as a method and what is the social worker's experience of MI as a method. The study was conducted with a triangulation qualitative method where the purpose of the study was illuminated from three different perspectives. The empirical data is therefore based on two interviews with clients, two interviews with social workers and two MI-recorded real-sections between the client and the social worker. As a theoretical framework, the result has been analyzed based on the concept of empowerment. The result shows that the relationship between social worker and client is an essential factor to break destructive behavior. All of the informants believes that formulating partial goals is an important part in the changing process. The client has a personal responsibility to change their situation, one client is negative to that responsibility. Both of the clients report that, when in an active addiction, the contact with the social services only were about gain money or use the system. In this phase there is no motivation to change, which leads to difficulties. The results show that clients have experienced their administrators as supportive and secure in the process of becoming free from their addiction.

En raison d’importantes transitions démographiques et épidémiologiques, le nombre de personnes atteintes de la maladie d’Alzheimer et d’autres troubles neurocognitifs majeurs augmentera rapidement dans les sociétés occidentales. Ces maladies posent des enjeux d’envergure pour les personnes atteintes, leurs proches, les communautés et l’organisation des services. Plus largement, ce sont les politiques publiques qui doivent être repensées. Sous ce principe, le gouvernement du Québec a mobilisé une équipe d’experts pour concevoir le Plan Alzheimer du Québec (PAQ) (2007). La principale stratégie de mise en œuvre qui découle de ce plan fût de soutenir le développement de 19 projets pilotes ayant principalement pour objectif de diagnostiquer plus rapidement les personnes atteintes de ces maladies et de rehausser la qualité de leur suivi, au sein des Groupes de médecines de famille (GMF). Le modèle d’appel à propositions développé par l’équipe ministérielle a convié les acteurs locaux du système sociosanitaire québécois le souhaitant à rédiger une proposition en fonction de leurs propres conditions locales de pratique, bien que la proposition devait globalement être en cohésion avec les priorités nationales. Dû au fait que ce type de stratégie de diffusion des politiques publiques vers les organisations délivrant des services pose des défis d’équilibre entre les priorités ministérielles et les réalités locales, nous nous sommes intéressés à la mise en œuvre du plan québécois. Plus précisément, notre principal but de recherche consistait à comprendre de quelle façon les orientations du PAQ se sont traduites dans les projets pilotes. Pour ce faire, nous avons mené une analyse secondaire de données qualitatives qui s’articule autour de trois stratégies de collecte de données : 1) les documents du ministère et ceux des 19 propositions développées par les acteurs locaux, 2) quatre entretiens semi-dirigés auprès d’acteurs-clefs ayant participé au niveau national à la mise en œuvre du PAQ et 3) 15 groupes de discussions focalisées ayant été réalisés auprès de gestionnaires et de professionnels impliqués au sein des innovations, dont des travailleuses sociales. La mise en œuvre du PAQ vers ses formes locales a donné lieu au développement d’une grande diversité de projets innovants, comprenant principalement des médecins, des infirmières et des travailleuses sociales. La mise en place d’un important dispositif d’accompagnement du changement, lors de l’implantation des innovations, a favorisé des ajustements entre les deux principes en apparences contradictoires que sont le respect des objectifs ministériels et l’encouragement des acteurs locaux à adapter le projet en fonction de leurs réalités. Cet accompagnement, globalement positif, a toutefois été mis en place tardivement, ce qui eut des effets durables sur l’implantation des innovations. Nous soutenons donc que la phase initiale de conception des innovations locales est un moment critique qui requiert d’accompagner les acteurs locaux, afin de clarifier le modèle proposé par la politique publique et favoriser la collaboration des principales personnes qui sont parties prenantes du changement.

The main purpose of this diploma thesis is the interconnection of three subjects. Change management, people management during changes and economic crisis, which has affected worldwide economics during the years of 2008 to 2010. The methods and tools of change management could be applied to any change concerning an organization. Starting with partial changes, changes in particular processes or departments, concluding with overall, strategic changes, such as company restructuring, reengineering, fusion etc. One type of the changes presents the external changes, such as the economic recession. However, this external change causes many internal changes, where the companies decrease the costs, restructure particular department and change the strategy. In connection with that, the work focuses on the area of people management from the point of the human resources managers as well as executive management. The process of managing changes resulting from the crisis is followed by many changes in the personnel management sector. In this paper are compared three independent researches concerning the reaction of companies to the unfavorable economical situation. All three researches are dated of 2009 and presents the findings of particular reactions of companies in the area of human resources (redundancies, wage...

Innovation and change are phenomenons any time. Within the scope of the Theory and Prac- tice of School Management module, the theses deals with management of a specific change, namely introduction of school uniforms into practice. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on relevant specialized literature on school management, marketing strategy, school culture and change management. It is completed with available foreign experience and con- clusions of surveys and research of media image, which is playing an important role in respect with the issue. The practical part, i.e. research, provides information and data obtained by the author from interviews with management of schools currently introducing school uniforms. The research results show that the original expectations have not been met in any of the pro- jects included. Understanding the cause of this failure, or else, partial success of the projects, constitutes an important part of the information summary designed for school headmasters considering introduction of school uniforms. The generalized research findings combined with theoretical knowledge imply a set of key recommendations introduced in the thesis con- clusion.

Att genomföra en organisationsförändring kan vara omtumlande för de individer som arbetar i organisationen. Utvärdering av resultatet eller förändringsprocessen sker sällan och det kan bero på att de resurser som behovs inte finns i organisationen eller att det inte prioriteras. När en organisation ser resultatet jämför de oftast till de mål som ligger till grund för förändringen, uppnåddes målen så var resultatet "lyckat", om inte blev resultatet "misslyckat". Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur ett resultat upplevs av medarbetare och ledning som genomgått en förändring och hur de relaterar det till de mål som satts upp. Fallorganisationen har genomfört en flytt till nya tillfälliga lokaler i väntan på att ombyggnationen blir klar. Vi har valt att studera en avdelning inom organisationen, de har två nivåer, medarbetare- och ledningsnivå. Studien har en kvalitativ inriktning där datainsamlingen består av semistrukturerade djupintervjuer med tolv respondenter, tio medarbetare och två från ledningsgruppen. Dessa har tolkats och presenteras utifrån två teman som är genomgående i hela studien, kommunikation och personliga upplevelser. Det finns flera delar i förändringsprocessen som kan bidra till att förändringen accepteras. Medarbetare har lättare att accepterar förändringen om information kommer tidigt i processen, så att det finns tid sig att anpassa sig (Shin m.fl., 2015). Individer i en organisation behöver bli sedda och få vara delaktiga för att de ska kunna känna sig tillfredsställda med förändringen (Liljengren m.fl., 2003). Resultatet av intervjuerna visade att respondenterna inte har samma upplevelse av resultatet och alla beskrev inte samma mål med förändringen. Alla har fått samma information om flytten, vissa upplever att de har varit delaktiga och känner sig tillfredsställda, andra upplever att de inte har fått vara delaktiga vilket har bidragit till missnöje av förändringen. Slutsatsen av studien är att delaktighet ger en mer positiv upplevelse av resultatet och en högre acceptans för att mindre tillfredställande arbetssituationer kan uppstå. Studien har även visat att det går att se skillnader i upplevelser på medarbetar- och ledningsnivå i en organisation, ett sätt att finna dessa skillnader är att kontinuerligt utvärdera resultatet av en förändring. / To implement an organizational change can be overwhelming for those individuals who work in the organization. Evaluation of results or the process of change rarely occurs and one reason may be lack of resources in the organization or that it´s not a priority. When an organization sees the result they usually compare it to the goals underlying the change, if the result reach the goals it is sees as "successful" if not, the result is "unsuccessful". This study aims to examine how the results are experienced by employees and management who have undergone a change and how they relate it to the goals. The caseorganization has completed a move to new temporary premises while the reconstruction will be completed. We have chosen to study a department within the organization, they have two levels, employee- and management. The study has a qualitative approach where the collection of data is made of semi-structured interviews with twelve respondents, ten employees and two from management. These have been interpreted and presented based on two themes throughout the entire study, communication, and personal experiences. There are several elements in the changeprocess that can contribute to employee acceptance. Employees can more easily accept change if they receive information early in the process which gives time to adapt (Shin et al, 2015). Individuals within an organization need to be seen and to be involved in order to be able to feel satisfied with the change (Liljengren et al, 2003). The result of the interviews showed that respondents don´t have the same experience of the result and that everyone did not describe the same goal with the change. All received the same information about the move, some feel that they have been involved and feel satisfied, others feel that they haven´t been involved, which contributed to the discontent of the change. The conclusion of this study is that participation in the process gives a positive experience of the result and a higher acceptance if less satisfying working condition occurs. This study has shown that there are differences between employees and managements experience of organizational change and one way to find these differences is to routinely evaluate the results.

D.Phil. / The restructuring of the South African Higher Education landscape in postapartheid era has been the scene of vast organisational change as numerous mergers between Higher Education Institutions have typified this transformation. One such a merger is the merger between the Technikon Witwatersrand, the Rand Afrikaans University and two campuses of Vista University (namely the East Rand and Soweto Campuses) into the University of Johannesburg. Announced on 31 May 2002 and intended to be effective as of 1 January 2005, this merger represents the birth of the largest residential university in South Africa and presents the opportunity of studying the effects of all-encompassing change on employees first hand. In terms of organisational change – with mergers representing a specific type of organisational change – it is apparent that the effect of change on staff members is not only a widely overlooked matter in practice, but also in organisational change literature (and in mergers and acquisitions literature in particular). This study explores the merger experiences of academic staff at the University of Johannesburg and also examines the role leadership has played in these experiences. Using an Interpretive, case study design, 40 academic staff members were interviewed. These research subjects were selected on a purposive basis from all faculties across all campuses. Using the Strauss and Corbin application of Grounded Theory, the collected data was analysed to construct the reality of academic staffs’ merger experiences and perceptions of the merger at the University of Johannesburg. In terms of the University of Johannesburg, findings indicate that institutional predisposition is a major contributor to shaping research subjects’ initial attitude toward the pending merger. Furthermore, the interim phase that the University found itself in directly after merger the date, was a cause of great discontent amongst academic staff and was seen as the greatest debilitating factor to the successful roll-out of the merger. The study indicates that academic staff relay their experiences and perceptions of the merger in three discernable time frames, or perspectives, each with its own unique dynamic. Collectively, these three perspectives constitute the Reflective Experience of Mergers (REM) theory, which examines how the merger experiences of academic staff shape their perceptions of and attitudes toward the merger over time. The REM-theory reiterates the temporal nature of change; it is a phenomenon that evolves over time in discernable stages. Furthermore the REM-theory also underscores the effect change has on the emotional and psychological well being of individuals over time. The REM-theory also highlights the important role leadership plays in a merger as, in the case of the University of Johannesburg, research subjects tended to be far more critical of deficiencies in leadership as opposed to deficiencies in management.

This study examined the biblical/theological foundations found in the Holy Spirit for leading ecclesial change within the text of Luke-Acts. Chapter 1 describes the purpose, goals, rationale, and research methodology for the study. Chapter 2 is a literature review that examines secular, Christian, and biblical/theological models for leading ecclesial change. Chapter 3 examines the role of the Holy Spirit in the empowered Messiah and demonstrates how the same Spirit that empowered, enabled, and equipped the Messiah is the same Spirit that enables, empowers, and equips believers today. Chapter 4 displays the manifestation of the Spirit’s work not only in the believer but inside the New Testament church. Chapter 5 offers conclusions of this study. Here the purpose and goals of the study are examined and biblical reflections as well as recommendation for practices are offered.

The current change theory base is fragmented and siloed. Years of research and studies have yielded nuanced conclusions that demonstrate little practical results. Recent research demonstrates the organizational change failure rate for secular businesses is as high as 80 percent. Since 1994, the church has had a steady failure and plateau rate of 80%. With over two million resources available for organizational change, and an emphasis on church revitalization by organization as such as NAMB, is it possible the disconnected variations of organizational change have created so much confusion that it prevents a simple, comprehensive, and comprehensible understanding? In order to explore this question, and to advance a preferred method, case studies of organizational change within the bible were conducted, and secular organizational change studies were evaluated. A holistic process of organizational change is advanced that is biblical, and universal. Six functions of change are identified: cultural awareness; change catalyst; evaluation of the change and culture, decision, implementation, and monitoring of outcomes. Each function was identified from various organizational change events in the bible, and groupings of secular research. Chapter 1 introduces the problems associated with secular and ecclesiastical change theory, as well as the six core functions of the holistic organizational change process. Chapter 2 reviews the methodology used to compile data in the change theory field. Chapter 3 will use content analysis to provide a literature review of the current change theory field. Six key functions of organizational change are identified, which displayed both divergent and inclusive characteristics with one another: cultural awareness; change catalyst; evaluation of catalyst and culture; decision; implementation; and monitoring the outcomes. Chapter 4 analyzes theological considerations and focuses on seasons of change in the Bible. Three new classifications of change will be introduced based on Scripture and exegesis: change leading to regression, change leading to revival, and covenantal development. Chapter 5 will offer the conclusions of the paper, and will make five key recommendations for future research of organizational change for secular and church related change efforts.