No description available.

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo comparativo sobre a variação de escala (1:50.000 e 1:250.000) nas metodologias desenvolvidas por ROSS (1994) e por CREPANI (2001), na geração de cartas de fragilidade ambiental e de vulnerabilidade natural à perda do solo. Cada metodologia apresenta uma forma particular de calcular os graus de fragilidade ambiental e vulnerabilidade à perda do solo, mas ambas se baseiam no princípio da ecodinâmica de Tricart, no qual os processos de pedogênese (formadores de solo) e morfogênese (modificadores das formas de relevo) são os principais atores na classificação do meio ambiente. Nesta classificação ocorre a compartimentação do meio ambiente em áreas homólogas, o que permite o agrupamento e a síntese das informações referentes ao meio físico, como também relativas às intervenções antrópicas dentro dessas áreas. Este processo é realizado dentro de um SIG (Sistema de Informação Geográfica). O efeito da variação de escala no modelo de fragilidade ambiental possui maior representatividade para o tema geomorfologia. Os demais temas não sofrem alteração significativa, na medida em que ficam subjulgados ao índice de dissecação do relevo, sendo esta variável a determinante do grau de fragilidade de cada área. Na metodologia de Crepani a vulnerabilidade à perda do solo é decorrente da média aritmética da ponderação dos temas, de modo que, independentemente da escala, as duas cartas de vulnerabilidade à perda do solo apresentam os valores extremos (muita baixa e muito forte) atenuados, e o valor mediano preponderante. Tendo em vista que em função do menor grau de detalhamento das curvas de nível e densidade de drenagem na escala 1:250.000, quando comparadas a 1:50.000, as formas de relevo, declividade e os tipos de solos a elas associados possuem valores reduzidos de ponderação quanto à estabilidade, sendo mais brandos na escala 1:250.000 e mais marcantes na escala 1:50.000. Deste modo, as classes de fragilidade ambiental forte e muito forte são mais expressivas na escala 1:50.000, enquanto as classes fraca e muito fraca aparecem com maior frequência na escala 1:250.000. O mesmo acontece no valor da média calculada para a determinação do grau de vulnerabilidade à perda do solo, de modo que as classes alta e muito alta são mais expressivas na escala 1:50.000, enquanto as classes baixa e muito baixa aparecem com maior frequência na escala 1:250.000. / This paper presents a comparative study on the variation of scale (1:50,000 and 1:250,000) on methodologies developed by Ross (1994) and CREPANI (2001), the generation of letters of environmental fragility and vulnerability to natural soil loss . Each methodology presents a particular form of calculating the degrees of environmental fragility and susceptibility to loss of the soil, but both are based on the principle of ecodynamics Tricart, which processes pedogenesis (forming ground) and morphogenesis (modifiers landforms ) are the main actors in the classification of the environment. This classification is the partitioning of the environment in homologous areas, allowing grouping and summary information relating to the physical environment, but also related to human interventions within these areas. This process is accomplished with a GIS (Geographic Information System). The effect of variation in the scale model of environmental fragility has greater representation to the theme geomorphology. The other themes will not change significantly since become subdued by dissection index relief, and this variable determining the degree of fragility of each area. In methodology Crepani vulnerability to soil loss is due to the arithmetic average of the weighting of topics, so that, regardless of the scale, two letters of vulnerability to loss of soil present extreme values (very low and very strong) attenuated and median predominant. Considering that due to the lesser degree of detail the contours and drainage density at 1:250,000 scale, compared to 1:50,000, the landforms, slope and soil types associated with them have reduced values of weighting for stability, being more lenient on the scale 1:250,000 and 1:50,000 most striking. Thus, the classes of environmental fragility strong and very strong are more significant on the scale of 1:50,000, while the low and very low classes appear more frequently in the scale 1:250,000. The same happens on the average value calculated to determine the degree of vulnerability to loss of the soil, so that the high and very high classes are more significant 1:50,000, while classes low and very low appear most frequently in 1:250,000 scale.

xvii, 169 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / The development, maintenance, and integration of multicultural competence into all aspects of psychologists' work is critical to ethical practice in an increasingly diverse society. Measurement of multicultural competency is critical to investigating the development of multicultural competence and the effectiveness of multicultural competency training. However, existing measures of multicultural competence are limited in scope and are not congruent with the conceptualization of multicultural competence as a lifelong process. The purpose of this dissertation study was to address the limitations of existing instrumentation through development and initial validation of the Multicultural Competence Change Scale (MCCS). The MCCS assesses the development of multicultural competence from a "stages of change" perspective. The stages of change model provides a framework for assessing subtle cognitive, emotional, and behavioral modifications indicative of change. Participants included 221 counseling, clinical, and school psychology graduate students. An exploratory factor analysis and the generalized graded unfolding model were used to establish the MCCS factor structure. The MCCS was found to have a five factor structure, with each factor representing one of the stages of change. Internal consistency reliabilities for the MCCS subscales ranged from .64 - .74. Estimates of validity were obtained by examining relationships between the MCCS and other measures, such as the Multicultural Awareness, Knowledge, and Skills Survey, Counselor Edition, Revised (MAKSS-CE-R). The MCCS Precontemplation, Contemplation, and Preparation subscales were significantly and negatively correlated with the MAKSS-CE-R, and the Action and Maintenance subscales were significantly and positively correlated with the MAKSS-CE-R. Examination of the sensitivity of the MCCS to respondent variability revealed that psychology trainees' who participated in a greater number of diversity-related trainings, who currently participate in diversity-related research, and who are members of underrepresented groups based on ethnicity, sexual orientation, and ability were more likely to be in either the action or maintenance stage of change. The MCCS provides a novel approach to multicultural competence assessment; however, it is still in the initial stages of development and additional items are needed to strengthen the factor structure and psychometric properties of the instrument. / Committee in charge: Ellen McWhirter, Chairperson, Counseling Psychology and Human Services; Paul Yovanoff, Member, Educational Methodology, Policy, and Leadership; Krista Chronister, Member, Counseling Psychology and Human Services; Michael Hames-Garcia, Outside Member, Ethnic Studies

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo comparativo sobre a variação de escala (1:50.000 e 1:250.000) nas metodologias desenvolvidas por ROSS (1994) e por CREPANI (2001), na geração de cartas de fragilidade ambiental e de vulnerabilidade natural à perda do solo. Cada metodologia apresenta uma forma particular de calcular os graus de fragilidade ambiental e vulnerabilidade à perda do solo, mas ambas se baseiam no princípio da ecodinâmica de Tricart, no qual os processos de pedogênese (formadores de solo) e morfogênese (modificadores das formas de relevo) são os principais atores na classificação do meio ambiente. Nesta classificação ocorre a compartimentação do meio ambiente em áreas homólogas, o que permite o agrupamento e a síntese das informações referentes ao meio físico, como também relativas às intervenções antrópicas dentro dessas áreas. Este processo é realizado dentro de um SIG (Sistema de Informação Geográfica). O efeito da variação de escala no modelo de fragilidade ambiental possui maior representatividade para o tema geomorfologia. Os demais temas não sofrem alteração significativa, na medida em que ficam subjulgados ao índice de dissecação do relevo, sendo esta variável a determinante do grau de fragilidade de cada área. Na metodologia de Crepani a vulnerabilidade à perda do solo é decorrente da média aritmética da ponderação dos temas, de modo que, independentemente da escala, as duas cartas de vulnerabilidade à perda do solo apresentam os valores extremos (muita baixa e muito forte) atenuados, e o valor mediano preponderante. Tendo em vista que em função do menor grau de detalhamento das curvas de nível e densidade de drenagem na escala 1:250.000, quando comparadas a 1:50.000, as formas de relevo, declividade e os tipos de solos a elas associados possuem valores reduzidos de ponderação quanto à estabilidade, sendo mais brandos na escala 1:250.000 e mais marcantes na escala 1:50.000. Deste modo, as classes de fragilidade ambiental forte e muito forte são mais expressivas na escala 1:50.000, enquanto as classes fraca e muito fraca aparecem com maior frequência na escala 1:250.000. O mesmo acontece no valor da média calculada para a determinação do grau de vulnerabilidade à perda do solo, de modo que as classes alta e muito alta são mais expressivas na escala 1:50.000, enquanto as classes baixa e muito baixa aparecem com maior frequência na escala 1:250.000. / This paper presents a comparative study on the variation of scale (1:50,000 and 1:250,000) on methodologies developed by Ross (1994) and CREPANI (2001), the generation of letters of environmental fragility and vulnerability to natural soil loss . Each methodology presents a particular form of calculating the degrees of environmental fragility and susceptibility to loss of the soil, but both are based on the principle of ecodynamics Tricart, which processes pedogenesis (forming ground) and morphogenesis (modifiers landforms ) are the main actors in the classification of the environment. This classification is the partitioning of the environment in homologous areas, allowing grouping and summary information relating to the physical environment, but also related to human interventions within these areas. This process is accomplished with a GIS (Geographic Information System). The effect of variation in the scale model of environmental fragility has greater representation to the theme geomorphology. The other themes will not change significantly since become subdued by dissection index relief, and this variable determining the degree of fragility of each area. In methodology Crepani vulnerability to soil loss is due to the arithmetic average of the weighting of topics, so that, regardless of the scale, two letters of vulnerability to loss of soil present extreme values (very low and very strong) attenuated and median predominant. Considering that due to the lesser degree of detail the contours and drainage density at 1:250,000 scale, compared to 1:50,000, the landforms, slope and soil types associated with them have reduced values of weighting for stability, being more lenient on the scale 1:250,000 and 1:50,000 most striking. Thus, the classes of environmental fragility strong and very strong are more significant on the scale of 1:50,000, while the low and very low classes appear more frequently in the scale 1:250,000. The same happens on the average value calculated to determine the degree of vulnerability to loss of the soil, so that the high and very high classes are more significant 1:50,000, while classes low and very low appear most frequently in 1:250,000 scale.

No description available.