Summary: Komunikace duchovního s věřícími v krizových situacích Communication between Clergy and Communicants in crisis Lucie Isabela Vacková This thesis entitled Communication between Clergy and Communicants in crisis focuses on the work of hospital chaplains. At the beginning, there is a description of basic terms such as communication, priest and crisis. Furthermore, the thesis discusses the pastoral care with regard for the ill and dying ones. In particular chapters biblical and psychological view of illness, dying and death are introduced. In the Chapter Pastoral Care I describe the main goals of care, the history of charity in term of the Christian Church, the main method of pastoral care- conversation and the current situation in the area of care in hospitals in the Czech Republic. The research was conducted in hospital in Chrudim on the department of long-term care. The research`s objective was to determine how the patients percieve the pastoral care, what they expect from the pastoral care and whether they would personally use this care. Pastoral care in hospitals in the Czech Republic is still being shaped up. People often worry that a priest will try to persuade them to believe, if they use his services. Therefore, they are rather indifferent to this care, sometimes aggressively refusing. The...

This dissertation deals with the history of military chaplaincy in the space of the historic Czech lands. It mainly focuses interwar period of the independent Czechoslovak Republic. The first part of this work deals with the history of activities of military clergymen until the time of founding of the First Republic and briefly passes through a period of many centuries. Then it informs about founding of Czechoslovak Army after year 1918. It notes especially the receipt and development of military chaplaincy until the reorganization of the armed forces in the thirties. Also, it informs about the development in a stable chaplaincy and about its general organization, both in peacetime and in time of the state of emergency. The next section informs about the activities of chaplains in different specific environments. The most comprehensive fifth chapter is dedicated to the life stories of individual chaplains. The consequential part shows life and work of the last chief of military chaplains General Jaroslav Janák. These biographies are key resources for understanding the real duty life of catholic military priests. This dissertation is primarily compiled on the bases of archive resources.

At my place of work, we are considering the possibility of spiritual service inception within the Czech Republic Police force. One of our models, which we stem from, is the Czech Army Military Chaplaincy. We, therefore, go into the history of its inception and its current activities, at a fairly great length. Furthermore, we have mapped the Czech Republic Police activities, whose character matches the activities of the military chaplains. By comparison and evaluation of the researched information, we will set the possibility and desirability of chaplaincy and spiritual service within the Czech Republic Police. Basic and key information was acquired by study of the literature and of the official internet sources. The additional and clarifying information was acquired through personal discussion and communication with professionals in various related fields.

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The thesis examines the regulation of pastoral care in the sector of civil aviation by the laws of the Roman Catholic Church (Latin Church). The general part first describes the theological reasons for special pastoral care, as well as the inception and development of its institutional organisation. The core of the general part of the thesis consists of identifying and interpreting the relevant legal standards of the Roman Catholic Church's (Latin Church's) general canon law. Attention is devoted in particular to the possibilities of organisational arrangement, the issue of airport chapels, their canonical status and use, individuals providing pastoral care, the specific issues of communicatio in sacris and the possibility of regulation by particular law. The special part of the thesis describes how pastoral care in civil aviation is organised in selected European Union member states and how it may be modified by particular law. Keywords Canon law, particular law, pastoral care, civil aviation, airport, chaplain, airport chaplaincy.

[pt] Este trabalho tem por objetivo elaborar uma análise inédita sobre a representação do capelão militar, enquanto personagem, nos filmes de guerra hollywoodianos O Resgate do Soldado Ryan e Peal Harbor e no filme autoral A Grande Guerra e Paisà. Para isto, observou-se o percurso histórico do cinema, o seu uso como uma linguagem de comunicação e propaganda, as suas referências teóricas, que corroboram com a construção do personagem no campo religioso e social. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, seguindo procedimento metodológico de revisão bibliográfica de livros, artigos de revistas científicas e sites da internet, os quais relatam fatos, histórias e trabalhos acadêmicos voltados ao objeto do estudo. De forma surpreendente, embora o capelão desenvolva um notável trabalho no campo sociorreligioso, há um déficit de conhecimento sobre a missão e as atividades desenvolvidas por ele junto às instituições militares e religiosas. Deste modo, este estudo proporciona certa visibilidade e notoriedade ao capelão militar, tendo como referência uma leitura crítica de filmes bélicos. A pesquisa, realizada no campo da comunicação cinematográfica, de modo particular, nas narrativas fílmicas, tem por objetivo extrair, agregar e justificar – de forma direta – os principais temas que estão presentes nas imagens, nos textos e nos sons das cenas, cujo personagem do capelão militar se enquadra, e - de forma indireta -, por meio dos elementos que fazem referência à sua missão institucional, agregada ao campo religioso no qual o capelão está imerso como oficial do culto. A pesquisa enumera, sobretudo, a partir da análise de conteúdo, as virtudes, as qualidades, os defeitos, os vícios, os estereótipos e os clichês, bem como as expressões gestuais e verbais que caracterizam e alimentam o imaginário da construção desse personagem no mundo cinematográfico. Assim sendo, os elementos presentes nas representações dos capelães militares evidenciam sobremaneira o poder simbólico que o personagem exerce, tanto no campo religioso quanto no campo militar, social e político. / [en] This work aims to elaborate an unprecedented analysis on the representation of the military chaplain, as a character, in Hollywood war films Saving Private Ryan and Peal Harbor and in the authoral films “The Great War and Paisan. For this, it was observed the historical trajectory of cinema, its use as a communication and propaganda language, its theoretical references, which corroborate the construction of the character in the religious and social field. The research is qualitative in nature, following a methodological procedure of bibliographic review of books, articles from scientific journals and internet sites, which report facts, stories and academic works aimed at the object of study. Surprisingly, although the chaplain develops a remarkable work in the socio-religious field, there is a lack of knowledge about the mission and the activities carried out by him with military and religious institutions. Thus, this study provides a certain visibility and notoriety to the military chaplain, having as reference a critical reading of war films. The research, carried out in the field of cinematographic communication, in particular, in film narratives, aims to extract, aggregate and justify - directly - the main themes that are present in the images, texts and sounds of the scenes, whose character the military chaplain fits, and - indirectly -, through the elements that refer to his institutional mission, added to the religious field in which the chaplain is immersed as an official of the cult. The research lists, above all, based on content analysis, the virtues, qualities, defects, vices, stereotypes and clichés, as well as the gestural and verbal expressions that characterize and feed the imagination of the construction of this character in the cinematographic world. Therefore, the elements present in the representations of the military chaplains greatly evidence the symbolic power that the character exerts, both in the religious field and in the military, social and political field.

The role of the African Canadian pastor transcended the responsibilities of a religious leader of a local church to become the leader of the African Canadian community and its emissary to the larger white community. Through his exemplary Christian faith and practice, William Andrew White Jr. became a central figure in the African Canadian community. His role in African Canadian life was fluid and adaptive to the adversities of slavery, segregation, discrimination, and racism; over the years his role grew from spiritual leader providing care, self-esteem, and protection for his local church to also becoming one of polemicist, activist, and protest leader for the African Canadian community in general. Overall, this dissertation argues that the experiences gained by William Andrew White Jr. during the periods of Reconstruction and Redemption in the United States and the discrimination and racism he incurred in Canada, were foundational in shaping White’s theology. Additionally studying his influences and motivations assists in understanding White’s theology and his praxis for race relations and social justice; it is a theology that sought to foster racial harmony through black economic uplift and black socio-political engagement that laid the groundwork for the Canadian Civil Rights Movement. Ultimately, this dissertation argues that William White was a progenitor of the Canadian Civil Rights Movement and, while his national presence among the white community was not that of Martin Luther King Jr.’s, he did have a prominent presence among the black community in the Maritimes and, had he lived longer, may have become a significant national figure in Canada. Furthermore, the role he played setting the foundation for the Canadian Civil Rights Movement was similar to that of the leaders of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States.

Chapter 1 discusses the research proposal of the study. In this proposal the problem statement was identified and described, for example it is shown how the diverse religious work-force is being managed and ministered to by a traditional chaplain as if it shared a religion similar to that of the chaplain. Further this chapter discusses the research methodology, which clearly indicates the path that would be followed in this research. Chapter 2 looks at the profile of the South African Police Service (SAPS) in general. It has been shown that the SAPS forms a critical component of the criminal justice system. The objectives, mission and vision of the SAPS has been clearly outlined as aspiring to create a crime free society for all the inhabitants of South Africa. The SAPS would only acquire this vision through executing its tasks within the framework of the Human Rights Act. Chapter 3 focusses on the historical development of the chaplaincy in the SAPS since its inception during the year 1952 until the democratic dispensation in 1994. The pioneers behind the formation of the chaplains' corps are discussed. Lastly, the appointment procedure, the functions and the characteristics (qualities) of chaplains are looked at. Chapter 4 considers the various perspectives of culture and cultural particulars as a basic theory of the study. The latter has clearly indicated that people's views and understanding of certain things differ completely. Hence the need for proper cognisance of cultural diversity by the chaplain. Chapter 5 examines the concept of stress in the context of the SAPS. The stress-inducing factors, the impact of stress on SAPS members as well as the role of the chaplain in the management of stress levels is discussed. Chapter 6 explores the theology of death and the bereavement process (stages) to be followed generally. The role of the chaplain in this regard is shown. Chapter 7 is the quantitative investigation, whereby questionnaires elicited the views of both the policemen and women about the Chaplain Service ministry. Chapter 8 discusses the conclusions of chapters: 4, 5, 6 and 7 and synthesises them into one comprehensive idea. The reason behind this is that this study has to provide a model to be developed, which would better enable the chaplain to function across both cultural and religious lines. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D.Litt et Phil.(Religious Studies)

The work of the South African chaplains during the First World War was of an extremely high standard. The postwar military failed to recognise this contribution. In the 1920s and early 1930s the chaplaincy was allocated an inferior position within the military. It was only in 1938 that the first chaplains were appointed in the Permanent Force. During the Second World War the unwillingness of the UDF hierarchy to appoint a single chaplain as the head of a Chaplains' Branch influenced the ministry negatively. Inter-denominational issues were resolved on a basis of consensus amongst Principal Chaplains who were granted very little executive power. The establishment of the SA Corps of Chaplains in 1946 confirmed the permanency of the chaplaincy within the UDF. The appointment of the first Deputy Chaplain General in 1949 did much to ensure effective ministry. The discontinuation of this post in 1954 had a detrimental effect on the chaplaincy. With the establishment of the Department of Physical and Spiritual Welfare in 1966 no clear cut division was made between the responsibility for spiritual (pastoral) care and physical care (social welfare). This anomaly was rectified in 1968 when an independent directorate for the chaplaincy was created and in 1970 when a Chaplain General was appointed. The chaplaincy in South West Africa grew from a single chaplain at Walvis Bay in 1963 to an immense organisation with hundreds of chaplains. In 1980 the SWATF Chaplain Service was formed under command of its own director. The presence of SADF/SWATF chaplains in South West Africa ceased in 1989 with the implementation of UN Resolution 435. The 1990s was a decade of great transition and turmoil for the Chaplain Service. In 1994 the military chaplaincies of the TBVC countries, as well as members from MK and APLA, were integrated into the Chaplain Service. The implementation of the transformation policy of the Department of Defence resulted in the Chaplain Service becoming more representative of the communities it serves. / Theology / D. Th. (Theology)

Chapter 1 discusses the research proposal of the study. In this proposal the problem statement was identified and described, for example it is shown how the diverse religious work-force is being managed and ministered to by a traditional chaplain as if it shared a religion similar to that of the chaplain. Further this chapter discusses the research methodology, which clearly indicates the path that would be followed in this research. Chapter 2 looks at the profile of the South African Police Service (SAPS) in general. It has been shown that the SAPS forms a critical component of the criminal justice system. The objectives, mission and vision of the SAPS has been clearly outlined as aspiring to create a crime free society for all the inhabitants of South Africa. The SAPS would only acquire this vision through executing its tasks within the framework of the Human Rights Act. Chapter 3 focusses on the historical development of the chaplaincy in the SAPS since its inception during the year 1952 until the democratic dispensation in 1994. The pioneers behind the formation of the chaplains' corps are discussed. Lastly, the appointment procedure, the functions and the characteristics (qualities) of chaplains are looked at. Chapter 4 considers the various perspectives of culture and cultural particulars as a basic theory of the study. The latter has clearly indicated that people's views and understanding of certain things differ completely. Hence the need for proper cognisance of cultural diversity by the chaplain. Chapter 5 examines the concept of stress in the context of the SAPS. The stress-inducing factors, the impact of stress on SAPS members as well as the role of the chaplain in the management of stress levels is discussed. Chapter 6 explores the theology of death and the bereavement process (stages) to be followed generally. The role of the chaplain in this regard is shown. Chapter 7 is the quantitative investigation, whereby questionnaires elicited the views of both the policemen and women about the Chaplain Service ministry. Chapter 8 discusses the conclusions of chapters: 4, 5, 6 and 7 and synthesises them into one comprehensive idea. The reason behind this is that this study has to provide a model to be developed, which would better enable the chaplain to function across both cultural and religious lines. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D.Litt et Phil.(Religious Studies)