Vibration measurement and analysis has been an accepted method since decades to meet a number of objectives - machinery condition monitoring, dynamic qualification of any designed structural components, prediction of faults and structural aging-related problems, and several other structural dynamics studies and diagnosis. However, the requirement of the vibration measurement at number of locations in structures, machines and/or equipments makes the vibration measurement exorbitant if conventional piezoelectric accelerometers are used. Hence, there is a need for cheaper and reliable alternative for the conventional accelerometers. The Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) accelerometers are one such cheap alternative. However, a significant deviation in the performance of the MEMS accelerometers has been observed in earlier research studies and also confirmed by this presented study when compared with well known conventional accelerometer. Therefore, two methods have been suggested to improve the performance of the existing MEMS accelerometers; one for correction in time domain and other in frequency domain. Both methods are based on the generation of a characteristic function (CF) for the MEMS accelerometer using well known reference accelerometer in laboratory tests. The procedures of both methods have been discussed and validations of these methods have been presented through experimental examples. In addition, a Finite Element (FE) model of a typical MEMS accelerometer has been developed and modal analysis has been carried out to understand the dynamics of capacitive type MEMS accelerometer and to identify the source of errors. It has been observed that the moving fingers behave like a cantilever beam while the fixed fingers showed rigid body motion. This cantilever type of motion seems to be causing non-parallel plates effect in the formed capacitors between moving and fixed fingers which results in errors in the vibration measurement. Hence, design modifications on finger shape have been suggested to remove the cantilever motion and results showed remarkable improvement. Moreover, the effect of using synchronous amplitude modulation and demodulation in the readout circuit has been studied. The experimental study showed that this circuit also introduces errors in amplitude and phase of the output signal compared with the input signal. Thus, in the new design of MEMS accelerometers, improvements in both mechanical design and electronic circuit are required.

Concussions are debilitating injuries affecting the short and long-term health of those who suffer from them. While an increased awareness of the injury has helped lead to a better understanding of the importance of better monitoring and treatment protocols, concussive injuries continue to occur at an alarming rate. Current injury risk thresholds exist and are used in the development of better equipment to protect athletes in high impact sports, however much of this data is based on simulations and/or cadaveric and animal model data from falls. Thus, there is a lack of data from concussive injuries resulting from a multitude of injury events within different sports, including collisions, falls and punches. The purpose of this thesis was to use dynamic response characteristics and brain tissue response to compare four different injury events from reconstructions of real life concussive injury events. This research was designed to provide information related to brain trauma characteristics specific to four common concussive brain injury events. Seventy-two (72) injury reconstructions were used in this study involving four injury events; collisions, helmeted falls, unhelmeted falls and punches. The results from the first study revealed that while all injury events produced similar MPS and Von Mises stress values, the injury events produced different peak linear and rotational accelerations. In terms of risk for concussive injury, differences were also found between percent risk for concussion and the specific injury events, questioning the validity of current concussive thresholds’ applicability to across all types of concussive injury events. The second study aimed to characterize each concussive injury event by means of specific kinematic characteristics unique to that particular event. The results showed that dynamic response variables that accounted for the most variance changed dependant on the concussive producing event. The third study compared maximal principle strain and strain fields within the brain by the specific injury event. The results showed that global strain within specific regions of the brain were significantly different between the different injury events. Furthermore, unique strain fields within the cerebrum were found between the four concussive injury events. The three studies in this research program characterize four common concussive injury events found in sport. It aimed to describe the unique dynamic response characteristics for each injury event that may have significant influence on protective equipment development and standards testing. Finally, though the aim of this study was not to correlate location of strains within the brain with onset of concussive symptoms and duration, this study demonstrated that the concussive producing event can have an effect on location of peak strain and strain field within regions of the cerebrum associated with concussive symptoms.

The theory of electromagnetic characteristic modes was published roughly forty years ago, for both conducting and penetrable objects. However, while the characteristic mode analysis of conducting objects has found renewed interest as a tool for antenna designers, computed results for the characteristic mode eigenvalues, eigencurrents and eigenfields for penetrable objects have not appeared, not even in the seminal papers on the subject. In this thesis both volume and surface integral equation formulations are used to compute the characteristic modes of penetrable objects for what appears to be the first time. This opens the way for the use of characteristic mode theory in the design of antennas made of penetrable material whose polarization current densities constitute the main radiating mechanism of the antenna. Volume formulations are shown to be reliable but computationally burdensome. It is demonstrated that surface formulations are computationally more efficient, but obtrude some non-physical modes in addition to the physical ones. Fortunately, certain field orthogonality checklists can be used to provide a straightforward means of unambiguously selecting only the physical modes. The sub-structure characteristic mode concept is extended to problems involving both perfectly conducting and penetrable materials. It is also argued that sub-structure modes can be viewed as characteristic modes that implicitly use modified Green’s functions, but without such Green’s functions being needed explicitly. This makes the concept really practical, since the desired modified Green’s functions are not known explicitly in most cases.

Recent efforts in understanding the variability inherent in coastal and offshore waters have highlighted the need for higher resolution sampling at finer spatial and temporal resolutions. Gliders are increasingly used in these transitional waters due to their ability to provide these finer resolution data sets in areas where satellite coverage may be poor, ship-based surveys may be impractical, and important processes may occur below the surface. Since no single instrument platform provides coverage across all needed spatial and temporal scales, Ocean Observation systems are using multiple types of instrument platforms for data collection. However, this results in increasingly large volumes of data that need to be processed and analyzed and there is no current “best practice” methodology for combining these instrument platforms. In this study, high resolution glider data, High Frequency Radar (HFR), and satellite-derived data products (MERRA_2 and ARMOR3D NRT Eddy Tracking) were used to quantify: 1) dominant scales of variability of the central Red Sea, 2) determine the minimum sampling frequency required to adequately characterize the central Red Sea, 3) discriminate whether the fine scale persistency of oceanographic variables determined from the glider data are comparable to those identified using HFR and satellite-derived data products, and 4) determine additional descriptive information regarding eddy occurrence and strength in the Red Sea from 2018-2019. Both Integral Time Scale and Characteristic Length Scale analysis show that the persistence time frame from glider data for temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-α, and dissolved oxygen is 2-4 weeks and that these temporal scales match for HFR and MERRA_2 data, matching a similar description of a ”weather-band” level of temporal variability. Additionally, the description of eddy activity in the Red Sea also supports this 2-4-week time frame, with the average duration of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies from 2018-2019 being 22 and 27 days, respectively. Adoption of scale-based methods across multiple ocean observation areas can help define “best practice” methodologies for combining glider, HFR, and satellite-derived data to better understand the naturally occurring variability and improve resource allocation.

The content of this work is focused on the methods of multiple access for terrestrial radio network. These methods are exploited by the systems second and third generation of mobile networks. Specification the basic characteristics these methods is responsible part for inquest the correspondent specificities. Reason is that, that the wireless mobile communication it is possible split by three generation. First is NMT, with analog frequency modulation, which dont make use already, because has considerable disavantages . Analysis second generation mobile systems GSM leads to determination to many advanta- ges hereof system, who be based on methods FDMA, TDMA, CDMA. Description these methods is specialized on their spreading properties. Third generation of mobile systems UMTS is characterized wideband technology WCDMA, making use two duplex methods (FDD, TDD). Both methods provide higher efficiency of recovery frequency spectrum . All the theoretical approaches are examined in the last part of this work.it´s then possible after complete analysis these methods, make a design and a realization. In this event was used the computer programme Matlab–Simulink for simula- tion of duplex method WCDMA-FDD. Evaluation of this technology provides confrontation with second generation GSM .

Target of diploma thesis The Operating Point of the Centrifugal Pump was create program for analyze system of pumps, it would be an effective instrument at projection these systems. Program is divided into two parts: system characteristic and performance characteristic. Subject of this thesis is create pumps database, enter performance characteristics and succeeding working with them. Program enable regulation pump with change speed and cooperation two pumps, work in parallel or series. The result of program is project system of pumps on enter parameters with more economy work.

This diploma thesis deals with design, implementation and testing of fluorescence microscope intended for carbon nanotubes spectroscopy. Theory of fluorescence resulting from solid state physics and atomic structure of nanotubes is briefly discussed. The basic idea, optical scheme and optical elements used in the fluorescence microscope are described based on requirements resulting from the theory. The thesis mentions the sample preparation procedure and measurements of its optical activity as well. Realized microscope is usable for fluorescence measurements within the supposed range of wavelengths as was proved by testing.

The Diploma Thesis is based on the Analysis of the real estete market of flats in Brno – mesto focusing on Brno-stred and Brno – Bystrc. Description and characteristics of selected places in Brno – mesto, the analysis of real estate market with flats for selected places, the description of factors affecting the price of flats, the explanation of pricing definitions, the description of the valuation methods and the history of valuation.

Previous studies of agricultural conditions in the Mekong Delta (MD) have identified soil compaction as an obstacle to sustainable production. A conceptual model for soil formation was presented to demonstrate the link between soil hydrology and plant response. Detailed studies of soil moisture dynamics in agricultural fields were conducted using a dynamic process-orientated model. Pressure head and water flow were simulated for three selected sites during a year for which empirical data were available. Daily meteorological data were used as dynamic input and measured pressure head was used to estimate parameter values that satisfied various acceptance criteria. The Generalised Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) approach was applied for calibration procedures with 10,000 runs, each run using random values within the chosen range of parameter values. To evaluate model performance and uncertainty estimation, re-sampling was carried out using coefficient of determination (R2) and mean error (ME) as the criteria. Correlations between parameters and R2 (and ME) and among parameters were also considered to analyse the relationship of the selected parameter set in response to increases/decreases in the acceptable simulations. The method was successful for two of the three sites, with many accepted simulations. For these sites, the uncertainty was reduced and it was possible to quantify the importance of the different parameters.

Cette thèse est composée de deux parties. La première partie utilise l’analyse stochastique pour fournir des bornes pour la probabilité de surcharge de différents systèmes grâce aux inégalités de concentration. Bien qu’ils soient généraux, nous appliquons ces résultats à des réseaux sans-fil réels tels que le WiMax et le traffic utilisateur multi-classe dans un système OFDMA. Dans la seconde partie, nous trouvons des liens entre la topologie de la couverture dans un réseau de capteur et celle du complexe simplicial correspondant. Cette analogie met en valeur de nouvelles facettes des certains objets mathématiques comme les nombres de Betti, le nombre de k-simplexes, et la caractéristique d’Euler. Puis, nous utilisons conjointement la topologie algébrique et l’analyse stochastique, en considérant que les positions des capteurs sont une réalisation d’un processus ponctuel de Poisson. Nous en déduisons les statistiques du nombre de k-simplexe et de la caractéristique d’Euler, ainsi que des bornes supérieures pour la distribution des nombres de Betti, le tout en d dimen- sions. Nous démontrons aussi que le nombre de k-simplexes converge vers une distribution Gaussienne quand la densité de capteurs tend vers l’infini à une vitesse de convergence connue. Enfin, nous nous limitons au cas unidimensionnel. Dans ce cas, le problème devient équivalent à résoudre une file M/M/1/1 préemptive. Nous obtenons ainsi des résultats analytiques pour des quantités telles que la distribution du nombre de composantes connexes et la probabilité de couverture totale. / This thesis has two main parts. Part I uses stochastic anlysis to provide bounds for the overload probability of different systems thanks to concentration inequalities. Although the results are general, we apply them to real wireless network systems such as WiMax and mutliclass user traffic in an OFDMA system. In part I I, we find more connections between the topology of the coverage of a sensor network and the topology of its corresponding simplicial complex. These connections highlight new aspects of Betti numbers, the number of k-simplices, and Euler characteristic. Then, we use algebraic topology in conjunction with stochastic analysis, after assuming that the positions of the sensors are points of a Point point process. As a consequence we obtain, in d dimensions, the statistics of the number of k-simplices and of Euler characteristic, as well as upper bounds for the distribution of Betti numbers. We also prove that the number of k-simplices tends to a Gaussian distribution as the density of sensors grows, and we specify the convergence rate. Finally, we restrict ourselves to one dimension. In this case, the problem becomes equivalent to solving a M/M/1/1 preemptive queue. We obtain analytical results for quantites such as the distribution of the number of connected components and the probability of complete coverage.