This work deals with the springs and dampers questions. It focuses on their classification, characteristics and testing. The main part of this thesis describes the design and sizing dimensions of machine for measuring characteristics of automotive springs and conceptual design of machine for detection characteristics of hydraulic shock absorbers.

Dans cette thèse, on étude le complexe des cycles proches d'un faisceau l-adique sur un schéma au-dessus d'un trait en utilisant la théorie de ramification d'Abbes et Saito. La première partie est consacrée à une nouvelle preuve d'une formule de Deligne et Kato qui calcule la dimension du complexe des cycles proches d'un faisceau l-adique sur une courbe relative lisse au-dessus d'un trait strictement local. Deligne a considéré le cas où le faisceau n'a pas de ramification verticale, et Kato a traité le cas général. Notre approche est basée sur une notion locale de cycle caractéristiquedéfinie grâce au conducteur de Swan raffiné d'Abbes et Saito. Dans la deuxième partie, on démontre une formule qui calcule le conducteur de Swan de la cohomologie du complexe des cycles proches d'un faisceau l-adique sur une variété lisse au-dessus d'un trait d'égale caractéristique, vérifiant une certaine condition de ramification. Tsushima a introduit la classe caractéristique raffinée du faisceau et il a démontré qu'elle calcule le conducteur de Swan de la cohomologie du complexe de ses cycles proches par une formule du type Lefschetz-Verdier. On calcule la classe caractéristique raffinée comme un produit d'intersection sur le fibré cotangent logarithmique de la variété faisant apparaître le cycle caractéristique du faisceau défini par Abbes et Saito et la section nulle. / In this thesis, we study the nearby cycle complex of an l-adic sheaf on a scheme over a trait, using ramification theory of Abbes and Saito. The first part is devoted to a new proof of a formula of Deligne and Kato that computes the dimension of the stalks of the nearby cycle complex of an l-adic sheaf on a smooth relative curve over a strictly local trait. Deligne considered the case where the sheaf has no vertical ramification and Kato extended the formula to the general case. Our approach is based on a local notion of characteristic cycle defined using the refined Swan conductor of Abbes and Saito. In the second part, we prove a formula that computes the Swan conductor of the cohomology of the nearby cycle complex of an l-adic sheaf on a smooth variety over a trait of equal characteristic, satisfying a certain ramification condition. Tsushima introduced the refined characteristic class of the sheaf and he proved that it computes the Swan conductor of the cohomology of its nearby cycle complex by a Lefschetz-Verdier type formula.We compute the refined characteristic class as an intersection product on the logarithmic cotangent bundle of the variety, involving the characteristic cycle of the sheaf defined by Abbes and Saito and the zero section.

Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-21T13:47:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Helio Gomes Arcanjo Junior.pdf: 943075 bytes, checksum: a2b879ed967c57e40067c04cd29fde6a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-21T13:47:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Helio Gomes Arcanjo Junior.pdf: 943075 bytes, checksum: a2b879ed967c57e40067c04cd29fde6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24 / Corn [Zea mays (L.) Poaceae] is one of the most widely produced crops in the world, with high nutritional value and diverse applications, serving as a food source for both humans and animals. The production of mini-corn increases the yield and accelerates the return of the producer’s investment. The cultivation of mini-corn generates waste from other parts of the plants, such as the stem and leaves, which are often discarded and serve as green fertilizer for the next crop. However, these parts of the mini-corn plant may serve as food for ruminants. It is therefore necessary to evaluate the remains of mini-corn plants after the harvesting of the corn. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bromatological characteristics and in vitro digestibility of corn plants after the harvest of five varieties of mini-corn. A randomized, block design was used with a 5 X 2 factor scheme in subdivided plots with five varieties (AG 1051, Alagoano, Branquinha, São Luíz and Viçosence) with and without the harvesting of cobs in a subplot with three blocks. The Alagoano and Viçosence varieties had the highest crude protein content in the subplot without cobs. The AG1051, Branquinha and Viçosence varieties had the highest total digestible nutrients in the subplot without cobs (P > 0.05) and demonstrated the greatest fodder potential among the varieties tested. The Alagoano variety had the highest neutral detergent fiber and in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber in the subplot without cobs (P > 0.05). / O milho [Zea mays (L.) Poaceae] é uma das culturas mais produzidas no mundo, possuindo alto valor nutritivo e diversas aplicações, servindo tanto na alimentação humana quanto para a alimentação animal. A produção do minimilho aumenta a rentabilidade e a velocidade do retorno do investimento ao produtor. Entretanto o cultivo do minimilho gera resíduos, tais como a planta de milho composta por palha (caule e folha) onde muitas vezes esta é desprezada servindo de adubo verde para a próxima cultura. No entanto a palha do minimilho pode servir de alimento para os ruminantes, portanto, faz-se necessário à avaliação das plantas remanescentes a colheita do minimilho. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar as características químicas bromatológica e a digestibilidade in vitro de plantas integras de milho e de plantas remanescentes a colheita de minimilho de cinco variedades de milho. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5x2 em parcelas sub divididas sendo, cinco cultivares na parcela (AG 1051, Alagoano, Branquinha, São Luíz e Viçosence) e com e sem colheita do minimilho na sub parcela com três blocos Dentre as variedades selecionadas as que obtiveram maiores valores para PB na sub parcela sem espiga foram as cultivares Alagoano e Viçosence. Para a variável NDT na sub parcela sem espiga as variedades que obtiveram valores superiores (P<0,05) foram o AG1051, a Branquinha e o Viçosence obtendo estes, maior potencial forrageiro diante as outras cultivares. Nas variáveis de FDN e DIVFDN na sub parcela sem espiga a variedade que obteve maiores valores (P>0,05) foi o Alagoano.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:37:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Sandro.pdf: 1073612 bytes, checksum: 32d65322ff6d4ce9aa2a775f64a664fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-24 / O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito do déficit hídrico sobre as características de crescimento: diâmetro do coleto; altura das plantas; área foliar; relação raiz/parte aérea; matéria seca de: folhas, haste e ramos, raízes e total; e as características fisiológicas das trocas gasosas (fotossíntese líquida, condutância estomática, transpiração) e potencial hídrico foliar, em seis clones de eucalipto (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 e 6) crescendo em vasos plásticos de diâmetro de 42 cm e altura de 72 cm, com aproximadamente 100 dm3, de modo a subsidiar a seleção desses materiais genéticos para estabelecimento em áreas com disponibilidade diferenciada de água no solo. Foram avaliadas algumas variáveis climáticas durante todo o período experimental, a fim determinar a condição no ambiente em estudo. As plantas cresceram nos vasos com teor de água próximo a capacidade de campo por um período de 150 dias, quando, então, foram iniciados os manejos hídricos diferenciados até o final do experimento que durou cerca de 250 dias. Os manejos hídricos aplicados foram: sem déficit - manutenção dos vasos próximo à capacidade de campo ao longo de todo o período experimental, ou seja, 250 dias; déficit 1 - corte da irrigação aos 150 dias de experimentação, durante 45 dias e posterior retomada da irrigação por mais 55 dias; déficit 2 - corte da irrigação aos 150 dias de experimentação, prolongando até o final do experimento (100 dias de déficit hídrico). O clone mais afetado pela deficiência hídrica foi o 3, apresentando menor acúmulo xiv de matéria seca total e maior redução em área foliar, provocada principalmente pela abscisão foliar. Contrariamente, os clones 1, 2, 4 foram os mais tolerantes aos efeitos do déficit hídrico, em razão de terem apresentado maior acúmulo de matéria seca total. De modo geral, o déficit hídrico promoveu a redução dos valores da fotossíntese, condutância estomática, e transpiração foliar de todos os clones. Os clones 1, 2 e 4 apresentaram os valores mais altos de potencial hídrico foliar nas plantas submetidas ao déficit hídrico ao longo das campanhas realizadas, mostrando obter mecanismos eficientes no controle de perda de água, já que apresentaram as menores taxas transpiratórias e menores valores de condutância estomática. Pressupõe-se que o aparato fisiológico destes clones permita alcançar um menor consumo de água, favorecendo a planta a suportar um período mais longo de déficit hídrico, e possibilitando uma maior conversão de CO2 atmosférico em carboidrato por período maior de tempo. O clone 3 apresentou menores valores de fotossíntese, condutância estomática e transpiração quando submetido ao déficit hídrico nas duas campanhas realizadas. O clone 6 apresentou maior transpiração no nível de manejo sem déficit e sob déficit em relação aos demais clones, sugerindo elevado consumo de água pelas plantas. Após a retomada da irrigação, todos os clones recuperaram suas taxas fotossintéticas similares às registradas pelos clones mantidos sem déficit, contribuindo para acréscimos na matéria seca total das plantas. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the deficit water on the following growth characteristics: diameter of the stem; height of the plants; foliate area; relationship root/aerial part; dry matter: of the leaves, stem and branches, roots and total; and the physiologic characteristics of the gaseous changes (liquid photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration) and leaf potential water, in six eucalyptus clones (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) growing in plastic vases of diameter of 42 cm and height of 72 cm, with approximately 100 dm3, in way to subsidize the selection of these genetic materials for establishment in areas with differentiated readiness of water in the soil. Some variable climatics were evaluated during all the experimental period, to determine the condition in the environment in studying. The plants grew in the vases with tenor of water close to the field capacity for a period of 150 days, when, then, were initiated the differentiated handlings of water until the end of the experiment that lasted about 250 days. The water handlings applied were: without deficit- maintenance of the vases near to the field capacity along the whole experimental period, in other words, 250 days; deficit 1- irrigation cutting to the 150 days of experimentation, during 45 days and subsequent retaking of the irrigation for more 55 days; deficit 2- irrigation cutting to the 150 days of experimentation, prolonging until the end of the experiment (100 days of deficit water). The most affected clone was 3, introducing smaller accumulation of matter total dry and larger reduction in foliate area, provoked mainly by foliate abscission. Contrarialy, xvi the clones 1, 2, and 4 were the most tolerant to the water deficit effects, in reason of having presented a larger accumulation of matter total dry. In general, the water deficit promoted the reduction of the values of the photosynthesis, the stomatal conductance and the transpiration of all of the clones. The clones 1, 2 and 4 presented the highest values of the leaf water potential in the plants submitted to the water deficit along the accomplished campaigns, showing to obtain efficient mechanisms in the control of losing water, since they presented the smallest transpiration rate and smaller values of stomatal conductance. It is presupposed that the physiologic apparatus of these clones allow to reach a smaller consumption of water, favoring the plant to support a longer period of water deficit , and making possible a larger conversion of at atmospheric CO2 in carbohydrate for a larger period of time. The clone 3 presented smaller photosynthesis values, stomatal conductance and transpiration when submitted to the ware deficit in the two accomplished campaigns. The clone 6 presented larger transpiration in the handling level without deficit and under deficit in relation to the other clones, suggesting high consumption of water by the plants. After the irrigation retaking, all the clones recovered their similar photosynthesis rate to the ones registered by the clones maintained without deficit, contributing to increments in the matter total dry of the plants.

The content of the master´s thesis is to approach the issue of measuring the characteristics of passive frequency crossover. The work describes individual types of measured characteristics and their possibility of measurement. Then the work describes design of modules for measurement characteristics of passive frequency crossover (shunt, resistive load and amplifier). These modules were made and tested for its functions. For the amplifier is then made a second design for fulfilment requirements. The second version isn’t made in this work. At the end of the work was prepared the theoretical part of the laboratory task: Measurement of characteristics of passive frequency crossover, including protocol.

No description available.

Aim of this thesis is provide basic information about characteristic function used in statistic and compare its properties with the Fourier transform used in engineering applications. First part of this thesis is theoretical, there are discussed basic concepts, their properties and mutual relations. The second part is devoted to some possible applications, for example normality testing of data or utilization of the characteristic function in independent component analysis. The first chapter describes the introduction to probability theory for the unification of terminology and mentioned concepts will be used to demonstrate the interesting properties of characteristic function. The second chapter describes the Fourier transform, definition of characteristic function and their comparison. The second part of this text is devoted to applications the empirical characteristic function is analyzed as an estimate of the characteristic function of examined data. As an example of application is describe a simple test of normality. The last part deals with more advanced applications of characteristic function for methods such as independent component analysis.

Motivation: In the Sub-Saharan Africa countries there are several factors contributing to the collapse of firms. Most firms have failed due to poor corporate governance practices. The recent collapse of some firms in the financial and non-financial sectors in the Sub-region shows that there are challenges hindering effective corporate governance of firms in the Subregion. Consequently, this study uses empirical evidence to identify views about the important components of good corporate governance practice for listed firms: institutional characteristics; the board of directors; and the effects of external factors. Research question: The pertinent research question that this study addresses is the identification of the components that are essential for good corporate governance of firms in the Sub-region. This study tries to prioritise the components. Methodology: Data were collected by questionnaire administered to stakeholders of corporate governance of listed firms in Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa. Regression is used to estimate the relationship between institutional characteristic, responsibilities of the board of directors and external factors on corporate governance system. Main findings: 1. Enforcement, disclosure, transparency and regulatory frameworks may be necessary to improve corporate governance practice in all the countries in the Sub-region (SSAA). 2. There is evidence that commitment of board members to disclosure and communication may provide effective corporate governance practice. 3. Board duality (separation of role between chairman and CEO) is likely to hinder corporate governance practices. 4. We found that in all the countries in the Sub-region accounting system plays a major role to promote sound corporate governance practice. However, the political environment, societal and cultural factor, corruption, and economic factors such as macro-economic policies may hinder corporate governance practices.Policy recommendations: This study recommends that corporate governance stakeholders should adopt a whistle blowing method and also that institutional bodies should be more prudent in monitoring of rules and laws with stringent penalties. In addition, there should be adequate information and disclosure on the rights and obligation of the shareholder of firms in the sub-region region. There is need to increase the number and role of independent directors, increase the use of advisory vote by shareholders on executive compensation and facilitation of shareholders activism. Furthermore, there is a need to have autonomous regulatory bodies and supervisory agencies free from any political/ government interference in the implementation of the Code and Guideline of corporate governance. The regulatory bodies and the supervisory agencies should be manned or be under the leadership of people of goodwill, good character and trust. The Code or Guideline of corporate governance of Sub-Saharan Africa Anglophone countries should take cognisance of and be aligned with socio-cultural environment of the countries in the Sub-region.

This thesis examines the performance of the support vector machine and the random forest models in the context of binary classification. The two techniques are compared and the outstanding one is used to construct a final parsimonious model. The data set consists of 33 observations and 89 biomarkers as features with no known dependent variable. The dependent variable is generated through k-means clustering, with a predefined final solution of two clusters. The training of the algorithms is performed using five-fold cross-validation repeated twenty times. The outcome of the training process reveals that the best performing versions of the models are a linear support vector machine and a random forest with six randomly selected features at each split. The final results of the comparison on the test set of these optimally tuned algorithms show that the random forest outperforms the linear kernel support vector machine. The former classifies all observations in the test set correctly whilst the latter classifies all but one correctly. Hence, a parsimonious random forest model using the top five features is constructed, which, to conclude, performs equally well on the test set compared to the original random forest model using all features.

For the Sami, as in many other hunter cultures, the bear has been considered as sacred. The hunt itself, and following feast, has therefore been associated with several rituals and ceremonies. One of them is the burial of the bear’s remains. This thesis attempts to point to similarities between the characteristics of different bear graves, and their placements in the landscape. Bear graves appear in both Northern Sami and South Sami areas in Scandinavia. The graves in the North Sami area are the oldest, essentially from the period 900–1300 AD. They often appear in caves or natural gorges in large rocks along the coast. In the South Sami area, the graves are mostly younger than the northern, and the excavated and dated graves points to a period of usage between AD 1700 and 1800. The graves in the South Sami area are mostly located in the inland, with an appearance of a scree of large stones, where the bear’s bones have been placed on the ground and hidden with stones. Sometimes also wood and peat has been used to hide the remains of the bears in this area. In both the Northern Sami and the South Sami areas, the bear graves occurs mainly close to water, either in fjords, by lakes, riverbanks or on islands. The graves closeness to mountain and hill terrain, settlements and places of sacrifice, has also been identified as a characteristic feature.