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技術交易搜尋網絡之模擬研究 / A Simulation Study of Technology Transaction Network歐陽惠華 Unknown Date (has links)
在高度競爭的時代,技術交易是廠商取得技術的重要方法之一。隨著智慧財產權法治的規範愈來愈完整,廠商對智慧財產權重要性的體認也逐漸提高,如何在技術市場中搜尋適當的技術交易對象,是許多廠商感到困擾的問題,而其搜尋過程也是技術交易研究領域中較為不足之處。因此本研究擬針對不同的技術交易情境下,如何成功地搜尋到交易的對象來進行研究。
技術的交易可以視為是知識商品的交易,目前技術搜尋的研究多以策略決策觀點或組織學習的觀點來加以著墨,其結果大多與廠商行為理論相關,對於技術交易搜尋過程的探討仍屬有限。事實上,技術搜尋是買賣雙方與訊息提供者彼此在搜尋過程中的互動行為,主要建立在人與人彼此連接的網絡上。因此,技術知識或資訊在其交易搜尋網絡上的流動可視為一種複雜系統,影響的因素較為複雜。一般而言,傳統的研究方法通常較不易觀察到多個變項對整體研究的影響,若用以探討技術交易的複雜過程,可能無法完整呈現技術交易搜尋過程的全貌;再者,傳統的研究方法大多依據過去專利、研發投資等數據來進行探討技術搜尋的研究,其研究指標對技術搜尋的適用性也值得考量。
本研究以複雜調適系統為理論基礎,依據相關理論與個案訪談的結果,來建置電腦模擬系統。模擬模型中包括:自變項—買賣方的搜尋行為,包括有知識累加速率與隨機搜尋兩種,以及與系統環境有關的系統規模、買賣家數數量、技術知識權重等。就交易與否的部分以個案資料假設的交易成功機率加以處理;應變項—特徵路徑長度(交易成功所經過的總agent數)及每個agent被經過的次數,據以在各種設定條件下的系統情境來進行模擬分析。
本研究結果發現,技術交易系統確實表現出複雜調適理論的特性,例如:非線性、聚集、流動、多樣性等特徵;交易搜尋效率同時受到知識累加速率與隨機搜尋兩種策略行為的影響,搜尋最適條件一般出現在知識累加速率和搜尋隨機機率均為中間值時,其中路徑相依度對交易搜尋效率的影響較知識內隱性明顯。網絡結構的影響,可以從密集性、連結關係與集散性三個面向來描述,搜尋行為影響網絡節結構的形成,知識累加速率高時產生的結構較密集,反之,隨機搜尋的行為對應較分散的結構,而均衡型結構的搜尋效率較佳。總之,本研究結果顯示,於技術交易進行的實務上,若能同時兼顧既有的知識累加速率與擴大原有的路徑,將有利於交易搜尋效率的提升。
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The Relationship of Technology to Rate of Change in a Human Service Organization: A Contingency Approach to Change ManagementBiemer, David J. (David Joseph) 08 1900 (has links)
This research is a study of the relationship of the organizational characteristic of technology to rate of change in a human services organization. The first operation, directed to the technology construct, collected data and analyzed statistical differences on each of the separate indices of task difficulty and task variability and on the combined indices of the two dimensions. A second operation, directed to the rate of change construct, collected data and ranked the five social services programs. This research indicates that multiple technologies do exist among programs within the corporate structure of a single human services organization, and that programs differ in the rate at which rule changes occur. This research, however, indicates that technology is not related to change. The definition of change used in this study considered only one form of organizational adaptation: rate of change in program policies and procedures. Technology, however, may be related to other measures of change such as new programs, reorganizations, and staff increases.
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台灣新藥研發公司多角化策略分析 -從知識管理程序觀點 / Diversification strategy analysis of new drug discovery company in Taiwan:the perspective of knowledge management process江政倫, Chiang, Cheng Lun Unknown Date (has links)
新藥研發是台灣生技發展的重點產業。新藥研發一般具有高投資、高風險與研發期長的特性。因此,有些公司會透過多角化的策略來分散風險。不過,在有限的資源與人力下,發展多角化的產品通常是個極具挑戰的任務。因此,本研究針對新藥研發公司,就其採取多角化的動機與策略來加以探討。
此外,在知識經濟的時代,知識已成為企業最重要的資產,如何透過有效的知識管理以提昇組織知識的價值,則是企業所重視的關鍵性議題之一。新藥研發屬知識密集產業,知識管理對於公司相當重要。因此本研究亦從知識特性的觀點(路徑相依度、不確定程度與競爭衝擊程度)來探討其對知識管理的影響。
本研究在方法上採取多重個案研究的方式,透過深入個案訪談與次級資料收集,所得到的結論如下:
1. 台灣新藥研發公司選擇多角化策略的動機相當多元。
2. 台灣新藥研發公司多角化的動機與多角化目標領域之路徑相依度有關。
3. 台灣新藥研發公司多角化目標領域技術知識的路徑相依度與競爭衝擊程度會影響其技術知識吸收的方式。
4. 台灣新藥研發公司多角化目標領域技術知識的路徑相依度會影響其組織設計、分工與人員式知識擴散的對象。
5. 台灣新藥研發公司進行多角化產品研發時,其知識蓄積活動上傾向於採取「機械-整合式」的蓄積方式。 / New drug development industry is one of the key biotech development areas in Taiwan. The nature of new drug development involves high investment, high risk and long development time. As a result, some companies develop diversification as a strategy to reduce the risk. However, the scarcity of resource and manpower makes developing diversified products particularly challenging. This study would focus on why these companies choose diversification strategy and which strategies they develop.
Knowledge management is very important for companies in research-intensive industry. This study would also explore how the companies practice knowledge management on its diversified projects. In addition, this study uses technological knowledge characteristics (path dependence, degree of uncertainty, and competitive position) to analyze the effect upon knowledge management process.
In this study, multiple case study method to take the way through in-depth case interviews and secondary data collection, the conclusion is as follows:
1.The reasons why new drug development companies in Taiwan underwent diversification vary a lot.
2.Synergy motivation of new drug development companies in Taiwan will affect the path dependence of technological knowledge in target areas for diversification.
3.Path dependence and competitive intensity of technological knowledge in target areas for diversification will affect the way of technical knowledge acquired in Taiwan’s new drug development companies.
4.Path dependence of technological knowledge will affect the organizational design, the division of labor and object of personnel-type knowledge diffusion
5.New drug development companies in Taiwan tend to choose 「Mechanical-Integrated」mode of knowledge Storage when the diversification activities.
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