Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 83 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-75).

by Tam Miu Ping, Judy. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-48). / Abstract and questionnaire also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iv / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v / Chapter CHAPTER I - --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / The Social Information-processing model --- p.1 / "Processing styles of reactive aggressive children, proactive aggressive children, and depressed children" --- p.3 / Purpose of the present research --- p.11 / Chapter CHAPTER II - --- METHODS --- p.13 / Subjects --- p.13 / Measures --- p.13 / Procedures --- p.15 / Chapter CHAPTER III - --- RESULTS --- p.16 / Internal consistency of independent variables --- p.16 / Correlation between independent variables and dependent variables --- p.18 / Multiple regression --- p.22 / Structural equation model --- p.26 / Chapter CHAPTER IV - --- DISCUSSION --- p.36 / Prediction of internalizing disorder tendency by social information- processing factors --- p.36 / Prediction of reactive aggression by social information-processing factors --- p.37 / Prediction of proactive aggression by social information-processing factors --- p.38 / Cognitive distortion --- p.39 / "Differentiation of internalizing disorder, reactive aggression, and proactive aggression" --- p.39 / "Implication to treatment of children with internalizing disorder, reactive aggression, and proactive aggression" --- p.40 / Cross validation of the structural model --- p.42 / Construct validity of the measures of independent variables --- p.42 / Limitations of the present research and future directions --- p.42 / REFERENCES --- p.45 / APPENDICES --- p.49 / Questionnaire --- p.49 / Correlation among variables --- p.66

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2007. / Adviser: Alytia A. Levendosky. Includes bibliographical references.

Attention deficit-/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric condition that can affect both children and adults. It is characterised by behavioural and attention difficulties. Sleep deficits are a prominent characteristic of the disorder and some of the core symptoms of ADHD are known characteristics of sleep deprivation. The circadian clock is integral to determining the rhythm of the sleep/wake cycle. Furthermore the two main forms of pharmacological treatment for ADHD, namely the psychostimulant methylphenidate, and the non-stimulant atomoxetine, along with the targets of these drugs noradrenaline and dopamine, appear to both interact and be under the regulation of the circadian clock. This thesis aimed firstly to develop a non-invasive technique for the real time RT- PCR quantification of circadian clock gene expression in the human oral mucosa. Secondly to address how circadian clock functioning may be disturbed in adult ADHD via measurement of a number of molecular, endocrine and behavioural markers, for which real-time RT-PCR, ELISA and actigraphy techniques were employed. Thirdly to examine the effects of ADHD medication upon circadian clock protein expression in the rodent brain using immunohistochemistry methods. Here it is demonstrated that disturbances in the rhythmic secretion of endocrine factors that are key outputs and regulators of the master circadian pacemaker, the circadian clock gene expression of a peripheral oscillator and the actigraphic measures of circadian organization of gross behaviour are associated with adult ADHD. Furthermore, both atomoxetine and methylphenidate are shown to effect circadian clock protein expression. Collectively this data suggests a key role for the circadian clock not only in the pathophysiology of adult ADHD but also indicates a role for pharmacological treatments in the modulation of the circadian clock.

Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Also available in print.

Como as dificuldades comportamentais e emocionais infantis, se não superadas neste período, podem estender-se ao longo do desenvolvimento, é de fundamental importância o investimento em estudos focados na avaliação e compreensão dos problemas de comportamento desta população, para, então, realizar um planejamento de intervenção adequado às suas necessidades. O presente trabalho tem como ponto de partida o reconhecimento da importância de múltiplas fontes de informações no processo de avaliação da criança, incluindo ela própria e o psicólogo clínico, para que haja o melhor atendimento psicológico. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar a presença de problemas de comportamento em crianças a partir da avaliação de seus pais e do clínico, compreender os fatores de risco que possam estar associados a presença de tais dificuldades e analisar os níveis de concordância e discordância entre as avaliações realizadas pelas múltiplas fontes. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas clínicas semiestruturadas (SCICA) com 25 crianças, de ambos os sexos e com idade entre sete e 11 anos, encaminhadas para atendimento em serviços de saúde mental, a fim de compará-las com as respostas dos pais/cuidador a um inventário de comportamentos infantis, o CBCL. Também foram coletadas informações sobre a presença de fatores de risco na família (Índice de Adversidade Familiar) e sobre os problemas de comportamento dos cuidadores que realizaram a avaliação (ASR). A SCICA mostrou-se um protocolo de entrevista válido para obtenção de observação comportamental e do relato da criança sobre seu funcionamento. A partir da análise dos resultados identificou-se que tanto os problemas observados pelos clínicos, quanto os reportados pela própria criança, apresentavam-se em taxas inferiores às relatadas pelos cuidadores. As dificuldades com agressividade e com ansiedade/depressão dos pais se mostraram um fator explicativo para as discrepâncias identificadas. As análises com os fatores de risco revelaram uma correlação positiva entre os escores no IAF e a presença de dificuldades internalizantes e total de problemas relatados pelas crianças. Considerando os fatores de risco isoladamente, observou-se que o fator presença de discórdia conjugal guardava relação com as dificuldades externalizantes e totais, enquanto o fator presença de psicopatologia na família estava relacionado às dificuldades internalizantes. Os dados sobre adversidade ambiental sugerem a importância de acompanhar os pais paralelamente ao trabalho da criança, dado que as condições de saúde mental na família e a presença de conflito marital apresentam uma relação intrínseca com as dificuldades infantis. A partir das análises de discordâncias observamos que a inclusão de forma sistematizada das diversas fontes mostrou-se relevante, pois, articuladamente ao relato dos pais, foi possível ir além da queixa declarada inicialmente e identificar outras áreas deficitárias do funcionamento das crianças avaliadas / The children\'s behavioral and emotional difficulties, if not overcome during childhood, may extend through the adult development, so it is extremely important to invest in studies focused on the evaluation and understanding of their behavioral problems to perform an intervention plan on these needs. One of the main concepts of this study is to recognize the importance of having multiple sources of information in the childs evaluation process (for instance, him/herself and the clinical psychologist) to have the best psychological care. The objective of this research was to identify the presence of behavioral problems in children based on their parents and clinical assessment, to analyze the risk factors that may be associated with these difficulties and to examine the levels of agreement and disagreement between the evaluations performed by multiple sources. To achieve that, we have compared the children\'s scores on a parentreport questionnaire, the CBCL, with semi-structured clinical interviews that were performed with 25 children referred for psychological care, of both genders and age range from 7 to 11 years old. We have also collected information about the presence of risk factors in the family (Rutter\'s Family Adversity Index) and about the presence of parents behavioral problems according to ASR. The SCICA proved to be a valid interview protocol to obtain behavioral observation and child\'s report about their functioning. From the analysis, we found that the problems noted by clinicians and reported by the child, were presented at rates lower than those reported by caregivers. An explanatory factor for the discrepancies found was parents´ aggression and anxiety/ depression problems. According to the analysis, Rutter\'s Family Adversity Index scores had a positive correlation with the presence of internalizing problems and total problems reported by children. Regarding the types of risk factors, it has been observed that the \"marital discordance\" factor was linked to the externalizing and total problems, while \"presence of psychopathology in the family\" factor was related to internalizing problems. Data on environmental adversity suggests the importance of instructing parents while the child´s treatment is being conducted, given that family mental health problems and the presence of marital conflict have a close relationship with the children\'s difficulties. From the identified discrepancies we can conclude that a systematic inclusion of the various sources is relevant, since the parental-report integrated with clinical psychologist perception and child\'s report allowed to go beyond the main complaint initially declared and identify other deficient areas of children functioning

by Sonya Y.W. Law. / Includes Chinese and English questionnaires. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-89). / ABSTRACT --- p.II / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.III / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.IV / LIST OF TABLES --- p.V / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.VII / Chapter CHAPTER I - --- INTRODUCTION / The phenomenon of informant discrepancy on child and adolescent psychopathology --- p.8 / Variables affecting the agreement of informants in rating child and adolescent psychopathology --- p.11 / Who is the reliable and valid informant? --- p.25 / Focuses of the present study --- p.30 / Chapter CHAPTER II - --- METHOD / Subjects --- p.33 / Instruments --- p.34 / Procedure --- p.38 / Statistical analyses --- p.38 / Chapter CHAPTER III - --- RESULTS / "Internal Consistency of the CBCL, YSR, TRF syndrome scales and interrelation among syndromes scales" --- p.40 / Informant concordance - on the severity of reported symptoms --- p.46 / "correlation between parent's, teacher's, and child's rating" --- p.53 / "Association between parent-, teacher-, child-rated internalizing and externalizing problems and the external correlates of psychopathology" --- p.61 / Predictive ability of ratings from different informants on the external correlates of psychopathology --- p.64 / Chapter CHAPTER IV - --- DISCUSSION / Informant agreement on the severity of symptoms --- p.68 / "Correlation between ratings of different informants in relation to adolescent's sex, age, clinical status, and type of psychopathology" --- p.72 / Association between ratings from different informants and the external correlates of psychopathology --- p.75 / "Predictive ability of parent's, teacher's and adolescent's rating on the external correlates of psychopathology" --- p.77 / REFERENCES / APPENDICES

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil comportamental e a competência social de crianças e adolescentes, filhos de mulheres com esquizofrenia, e compará-los com crianças da mesma faixa etária e sexo, filhos de mulheres sem transtorno mental grave. Para a avaliação das crianças e adolescentes foram utilizados o Inventário de Comportamentos para Infância e Adolescência (Child Behavior Checklist- CBCL) e o Inventário de Comportamentos Auto-Referidos para Adolescentes (Youth Self Report- YSR). Os filhos de mulheres com esquizofrenia apresentaram maior proporção de problemas de internalização e de problemas com o pensamento, principalmente para as crianças que moravam com a mãe com esquizofrenia, quando comparados a crianças e adolescentes do grupo comparativo com mães sem transtornos mentais / The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior profile and social competence of children and adolescents of schizophrenic mothers, and compare it with children of the same age and gender of mothers without any severe mental disorder. To evaluate children and adolescents the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Youth Self Report (YSR) were used. The children of schizophrenic mothers had a higher proportion of internalizing problems and of thought problems, mostly for children living with their schizophrenic mothers, when compared to children and adolescents of mothers without any psychiatric disorder

For the last few decades, youth behavioral problems have been constantly increasing. As an outcome of the complex interactions of multiple factors, these problems seriously challenge families, the educational system and society. The author presents a multiple case study, with three levels of analysis. Through a qualitative method, subjective data are collected through semi-structured interviews. An individual vertical analysis and a collective horizontal analysis give access to the subjective perspectives of participants (the parent, child and teacher) and the sociocultural context. The results show pattern of life marked by ruptures and conflicts, the need for relation, recognition and guidance. Furthermore, there is a marked absence of communication between the implicated people and spiritual beliefs surrounding this problematic are considered. Intervention avenues are suggested.

Como as dificuldades comportamentais e emocionais infantis, se não superadas neste período, podem estender-se ao longo do desenvolvimento, é de fundamental importância o investimento em estudos focados na avaliação e compreensão dos problemas de comportamento desta população, para, então, realizar um planejamento de intervenção adequado às suas necessidades. O presente trabalho tem como ponto de partida o reconhecimento da importância de múltiplas fontes de informações no processo de avaliação da criança, incluindo ela própria e o psicólogo clínico, para que haja o melhor atendimento psicológico. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar a presença de problemas de comportamento em crianças a partir da avaliação de seus pais e do clínico, compreender os fatores de risco que possam estar associados a presença de tais dificuldades e analisar os níveis de concordância e discordância entre as avaliações realizadas pelas múltiplas fontes. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas clínicas semiestruturadas (SCICA) com 25 crianças, de ambos os sexos e com idade entre sete e 11 anos, encaminhadas para atendimento em serviços de saúde mental, a fim de compará-las com as respostas dos pais/cuidador a um inventário de comportamentos infantis, o CBCL. Também foram coletadas informações sobre a presença de fatores de risco na família (Índice de Adversidade Familiar) e sobre os problemas de comportamento dos cuidadores que realizaram a avaliação (ASR). A SCICA mostrou-se um protocolo de entrevista válido para obtenção de observação comportamental e do relato da criança sobre seu funcionamento. A partir da análise dos resultados identificou-se que tanto os problemas observados pelos clínicos, quanto os reportados pela própria criança, apresentavam-se em taxas inferiores às relatadas pelos cuidadores. As dificuldades com agressividade e com ansiedade/depressão dos pais se mostraram um fator explicativo para as discrepâncias identificadas. As análises com os fatores de risco revelaram uma correlação positiva entre os escores no IAF e a presença de dificuldades internalizantes e total de problemas relatados pelas crianças. Considerando os fatores de risco isoladamente, observou-se que o fator presença de discórdia conjugal guardava relação com as dificuldades externalizantes e totais, enquanto o fator presença de psicopatologia na família estava relacionado às dificuldades internalizantes. Os dados sobre adversidade ambiental sugerem a importância de acompanhar os pais paralelamente ao trabalho da criança, dado que as condições de saúde mental na família e a presença de conflito marital apresentam uma relação intrínseca com as dificuldades infantis. A partir das análises de discordâncias observamos que a inclusão de forma sistematizada das diversas fontes mostrou-se relevante, pois, articuladamente ao relato dos pais, foi possível ir além da queixa declarada inicialmente e identificar outras áreas deficitárias do funcionamento das crianças avaliadas / The children\'s behavioral and emotional difficulties, if not overcome during childhood, may extend through the adult development, so it is extremely important to invest in studies focused on the evaluation and understanding of their behavioral problems to perform an intervention plan on these needs. One of the main concepts of this study is to recognize the importance of having multiple sources of information in the childs evaluation process (for instance, him/herself and the clinical psychologist) to have the best psychological care. The objective of this research was to identify the presence of behavioral problems in children based on their parents and clinical assessment, to analyze the risk factors that may be associated with these difficulties and to examine the levels of agreement and disagreement between the evaluations performed by multiple sources. To achieve that, we have compared the children\'s scores on a parentreport questionnaire, the CBCL, with semi-structured clinical interviews that were performed with 25 children referred for psychological care, of both genders and age range from 7 to 11 years old. We have also collected information about the presence of risk factors in the family (Rutter\'s Family Adversity Index) and about the presence of parents behavioral problems according to ASR. The SCICA proved to be a valid interview protocol to obtain behavioral observation and child\'s report about their functioning. From the analysis, we found that the problems noted by clinicians and reported by the child, were presented at rates lower than those reported by caregivers. An explanatory factor for the discrepancies found was parents´ aggression and anxiety/ depression problems. According to the analysis, Rutter\'s Family Adversity Index scores had a positive correlation with the presence of internalizing problems and total problems reported by children. Regarding the types of risk factors, it has been observed that the \"marital discordance\" factor was linked to the externalizing and total problems, while \"presence of psychopathology in the family\" factor was related to internalizing problems. Data on environmental adversity suggests the importance of instructing parents while the child´s treatment is being conducted, given that family mental health problems and the presence of marital conflict have a close relationship with the children\'s difficulties. From the identified discrepancies we can conclude that a systematic inclusion of the various sources is relevant, since the parental-report integrated with clinical psychologist perception and child\'s report allowed to go beyond the main complaint initially declared and identify other deficient areas of children functioning