Background: Studies have shown that 66 children and teenagers in Sweden suffers from brain tumor every year. Children and teenagers who can´t participate in the regular school for a longer time for whatever reason, have by the school law the right to education in hospitals or institutions. Education that take place in other places than school most try to follow the same guidelines as his/hers usual school.  This applies to students in elementary school, compulsory school, special school, Sami school, secondary school and upper secondary school. Purpose:  The purpose of this study was to find out how three teachers at a hospital school plans their work with children in grade from 1 to 3, who suffer from cancer, especially brain tumor.  How can the teachers at the hospital school plan and organize their teaching so that it´s possible for the children whit brain tumor to feel as normal as possible. How does the common work between the consultant nurse, teachers at the hospitals and their ordinary school prevent the children to feel like an outsider? Method: I have chosen to do a qualitative study followed by three interviews whit three informants who works at a hospital school. One interview with the head of the unit, one interview with the special education teacher and one interview with the consultant nurse who works as a contact for the affected students. Conclusions: The result of my thesis is primarily that it`s important to have a good contact, communication and attitude to the students, so that their time at the hospitalschool will be as normal as possible. And in that way minimize the risk to feel and bee seen as a outsider. Result: Hospitalschool is a very god communal operation for those students who needs it.

Bakgrund  När ett barn drabbas av cancer, drabbas hela familjen. Detta betyder att om en individs livssituation förändras kommer detta påverka livet för alla inkluderade. Därför är det essentiellt att familjen och omvårdnaden betraktas som helhet. Hopp har visat sig ha en stor betydelse inom cancervården och för tillfrisknandet. Däremot kan avsaknaden av hoppet få konsekvenser som nedstämdhet, nedsatt motivation och minskad följsamhet i behandlingen.  Bakgrunden visar att sjuksköterskan är den profession som ter sig bäst lämpad i främjandet och bibehållandet av hoppet.  Syfte  Syftet var att beskriva familjers upplevelser av hopp i vården av ett cancersjukt barn.  Metod  En icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt med 17 vetenskapliga artiklar. Tolv vetenskapliga artiklar söktes fram i PubMed och CINAHL samt fem stycken via en manuell sökning. Det totala antalet artiklar kvalitetsgranskades och genomgick sedan en integrerad analys.  Resultat  Flertalet familjer upplevde hoppet som konstant och den viktigaste faktorn i vården av ett cancersjukt barn. Däremot kunde familjer även uppleva att hoppets intensitet varierade beroende på vad som inträffade under behandlingen. Variationens intensitet beskrevs utifrån en hög hoppfullhet som resulterade i minskade ångestsymtom medan en låg hoppfullhet orsakade depression och ångest. Familjers upplevelser av vilka faktorer som främjade hoppet var framförallt ett empatiskt och förstående bemötande, stöd från närstående och vårdpersonal samt sanningsenlig information och kunskap om sjukdomen.  Slutsats  Alla familjer till ett cancersjukt barn upplever att hoppet har en signifikant betydelse i vården. Dels för att orka fortsätta behandlingarna genom den berg- och dalbana föräldrarna beskriver att cancervården medför, men också för att motverka de konsekvenser som cancern och hopplöshet kan orsaka, såsom depression och ångest. Sammantaget beskrevs hoppet som fluktuerande under hela vårdtiden men familjernas upplevelse av hoppet var alltid konstan / Background  The whole family is affected when their child is diagnosed with cancer. If one individuals' life situation changes, this will affect the lives of everyone included. It is essential that the nursing and the family is seen as united. Hope has shown have a great meaning in cancer care and for the recovery. However, lack av hope can eventuate consequences like depression, decreased motivation and compliance. The background shows that the nurse is the profession that is best suited for promoting and preservation of hope.  Aim  The aim was to describe family's experiences of hope in care of a child with cancer.  Method  A non-systematic literature review with 17 scientific articles. Twelve scientific articles were search in PubMed and CINAHL and five articles through a manual research. The total amount of articles was quality reviewed and went later on through an integrated analysis.  Results  Most families experienced hope as something constant and the most important component in nursing for a child suffering from cancer. However parents could also experience that the intensity of hope varied depending on how the treatment progress went. Intensity of the variation was described as high hopefulness resulted in reduced anxiety symptoms while a low hopefulness caused depression and anxiety. An empathic and understanding response, support from relatives and health care professionals together with truthful information and knowledge about the disease were those factors that promoted hope according to the family.  Conclusions  All families experienced the significant meaning of hope. Partly to be able to continue the treatments through the roller-coaster parents described that the cancer brings with it, but also to be able to resist the consequences cancer and hopelessness can bring, such as depression and anxiety. Summarized, hope is described as something fluctuating but were always present.

Bakgrund: Barncancer är en ovanlig sjukdom där cirka 400 000 barn i världen drabbas årligen. När ett barn blir diagnostiserat med cancer hamnar många föräldrar i ett tillstånd av chock. Känslor av osäkerhet och strävan efter att göra sitt barn lyckligt var ett gemensamt tema bland föräldrar. Det ingår i sjuksköterskans ansvarsområde att även vårda och ge stöd till föräldrarna. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva föräldrars upplevelse av sjuksköterskans stöd vid vård av barn med cancer. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt, baserat på 13 vetenskapliga artiklar med en kvalitativ design. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i fem teman: Sjuksköterskans information är betydelsefull, Föräldrar har behov av att känna sig delaktiga, Relationen till sjuksköterskan är meningsfull, Sjuksköterskans närvaro har betydelse och Viktigt att känslorna bemöts. Konklusion: Sjuksköterskan kan öka känslan av stöd genom att ge individanpassad information samt visa sin närvaro. Ibland kan det dock vara svårt att identifiera föräldrarnas behov av stöd och känslor, därför är det viktigt att sjuksköterskan skapar god relation till föräldrarna. Föräldrar beskrivs vara barnets trygga punkt. Hopp är värdefullt för att föräldrar ska få en positiv framtidssyn. / Background: Cancer among children is a rare disease that effects approximately 400 000 children worldwide each year. When a child is diagnosed with cancer many parents go into a state of shock. Feelings of insecurity and striving to make their child happy was a common theme among the parents. It is part of the nurse’s area of responsibility to also care for and provide support to parents. Aim: The aim was to describe parents' experience of the nurse's support in caring for children with cancer. Method: The study was conducted as a literature review, based on 13 scientific articles with a qualitative design. Findings: The results are presented in five themes: Information from the nurse is significant, Parents has a need of being involved, The relationship with the nurse is meaningful, The nurse’s presence is meaningful andThe importance of meeting the feelings. Conclusion: The nurse can increase the feeling of support by providing individualized information and showing presence. Sometimes it can be difficult to identify the parents' need of support and feelings, therefore it is important for the nurse to provide a good relationship with the parents. Parents are described as the childs’ safe place. Hope is important to provide a positive view of the future.