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Childhood socioeconomic status and weight change in later lifeHua, Cassandra Leigh 08 April 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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The risk factors for criminal behaviour in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASDs): A comparison of childhood adversities between individuals with HFASDs who exhibit criminal behaviour and those with HFASD and no criminal historiesTsujii, Masatsugu, Nakamura, Kazuhiko, Someki, Fumio, Sugiyama, Toshiro, Ohnishi, Masafumi, Kawakami, Chihiro 04 1900 (has links)
名古屋大学博士学位論文 学位の種類 : 博士(医学)(課程) 学位授与年月日:平成25年3月30日 川上ちひろ氏の博士論文として提出された
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Sticks and Stones: The Effects of Verbal Aggression on Self-Esteem and Intimate Relationships in AdulthoodJones, Jana 21 May 2018 (has links)
This study examines the effects of childhood verbal aggression on self-esteem and intimate relationships in adulthood. This study was based on the premises that an individual’s morals and behaviors are affected by one’s life experiences. A case study analysis approach was used to analyze data gathered from 151 participants in the South East region of the United States. The researcher found that the participants that showed lower levels of intimacy in relationships also have experienced threats, ridicule, or insults during childhood. The conclusions drawn from the findings suggest that an individual that experiences verbal aggression in childhood will affect their levels of intimacy in adulthood.
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Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and health-risk behaviors among Latinoadolescents: A pilot study of potential hormonal mediators and social support moderatorsZhen-Duan, Jenny January 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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Childhood Predictors In The Severity Of Combat Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Veterans With Combat Related ExposureBermes, Michael 01 January 2013 (has links)
Emerging research suggests that childhood adversities may increase both the risk and symptomology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in our veteran population. Over 40% of our reintegrating military veterans return with significant mental health issues led by combatrelated PTSD. PTSD impacts veterans in numerous areas including unemployment, increased criminal justice involvement, increased treatment costs, divorce, co-morbid mental illness, greater levels of domestic violence, homelessness, high college dropout rates, suicide, and long term health problems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of childhood adversities (abuse, neglect, and poverty) upon the severity of combat-related PTSD in veteran populations. Specifically, the researcher examines the direct effects of: (1) childhood trauma; (2) childhood neglect; and (3) childhood poverty (as assessed based on socioeconomic status [SES]) upon the severity of combat-related PTSD. This study of student veterans (n=102) receiving services from a veteran service center at a major metropolitan university in Central Florida is a non-experimental, explanatory, retrospective survey design using structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the relationships among study variables. Findings strongly supported a relationship between childhood trauma and neglect and the severity of combat-related PTSD. Similarly, findings also supported that no relationship existed between childhood SES and the severity of combat-related PTSD. Both childhood trauma and neglect were significantly associated with combat-related PTSD at an even greater effect than that of combat exposure. SES was not found to be significant in the severity of combat-related PTSD. The findings iv suggest that preventive screening policies to reduce costs and severity of combat-related PTSD might be needed.
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Childhood Adversities and Complex Adult Psychopathology: Findings from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) StudyPutnam, Karen T. 23 September 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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Associação entre experiências precoces adversas e comportamentos relacionados ao suicídio na vida adulta / Association between adverse childhood experiences and suicidal behaviors in adulthoodCoêlho, Bruno Mendonça 04 December 2017 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: As adversidade precoces (APs) são um grupo de experiências negativas vivenciadas durante o desenvolvimento e associadas a diversos desfechos clínicos e psiquiátricos. A literatura sobre os transtornos mentais (TMs) e cognições e comportamentos suicidas (CCS) destaca que a exposição a APs durante a infância se relaciona com essas condições na vida adulta. Contudo, o tamanho e a qualidade do efeito das APs nas CCS varia entre os estudos. Como os TMs também determinam CCS, é preciso avaliar a contribuição concomitante de APs e TMs nos CCS. OBJETIVOS: Investigar a relação associativa entre APs e CCS na vida adulta e os fatores determinantes dessa relação. MÉTODOS: Este estudo é uma investigação transversal, multiestratificada e probabilística da população geral da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. O instrumento Composite International Diagnostic Interview versão 3.0 foi aplicado em 5037 indivíduos adultos. Os fatores sociodemográficos, 12 APs, 20 TMs ao longo da vida e CCS ao longo da vida foram coletados por meio de entrevistas no domicílio do respondente. Foram calculadas as prevalências das APs e estimados os modelos fatoriais, modelos de resposta ao item e modelos de redes para descrever as APs, para amostra total e por sexo. Correlações entre APs e subsequentes TMs ou CCS foram testadas e análises de trajetória avaliaram a mediação da associação entre APs e CCS pelos TMs. RESULTADOS: As APs atingiram 53,6% da amostra e 48,4% apresentaram duas ou mais APs na vida, sendo as mulheres significativamente mais expostas que os homens (59,0% vs 47,66%). Nas análises fatoriais confirmatórias, a solução com três fatores (\"Violência Familiar e Desajuste Parental\"; \"Uso indevido de Substâncias, Criminalidade e Abuso Sexual\"; e \"Adversidade Econômica e Perda Parental\") foi mais ajustada para os homens e a de dois fatores (\"Violência Familiar e Desajuste Parental\" e \"Abuso Sexual e Perda Parental\") mais ajustada para as mulheres. Nas análises de rede, apesar de similaridades na estrutura global, homens e mulheres tem diferenças em APs específicas. O \'TM parental\' (Odds ratio [OR] = 1,99 a 2,27) e a \'violência familiar\' (OR = 1,55 a 1,99) foram as APs mais consistentemente associadas à TM em todas as faixas etárias. Os \'TM parentais\' e as \'adversidades econômicas\' foram associados as quatro classes de TMs examinados (transtornos de humor, ansiedade, controle do impulso e do uso de substâncias). Quando a associação entre APs e CCS foi controlada por TMs, somente o \'abuso físico\' foi associado a tentativas de suicídio em todos os estágios de vida subsequentes (OR = 2,1). Nas análises estruturais, o efeito dos TMs como mediadores da associação entre APs e CCS foi confirmado, sendo essa mediação mais importante nas mulheres. CONCLUSÕES: As APs são um grupo heterogêneo e interrelacionado de fatores de risco. Sua exposição é diferente em meninos e meninas. As APs foram consistentemente associadas a TMs e embora algumas APs tenham sido associadas a CCS, os papéis desempenhados pelos diferentes tipos de APs na infância variam em magnitude, levando a resultados diversos e diferentes níveis de gravidade / BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a group of negative events experienced during development that has been associated with various clinical and psychiatric outcomes. The literature on mental disorders (MDs) and on suicidality highlights the association of these conditions during adulthood with the previous exposure to ACEs. However, the size and quality of the effect of ACEs on suicidality varies between studies. Since MDs also predict suicidality, it is necessary to evaluate the concomitant contribution of ACEs and MDs on suicidality. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to investigate the association between ACEs and suicidality in adulthood and the determinants of this relationship. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, multistratified and probabilistic study of the general population of São Paulo Metropolitan Area. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0 was applied in 5037 adult subjects. Sociodemographic data, 12 ACEs, 20 lifetime MDs, and lifetime suicidality were collected in household interviews. The prevalence of suicidality was estimated and factor models, item response theory models and network analysis models were calculated to describe ACEs for total sample and by sex. Correlations between ACEs and subsequent MDs or suicidality were tested. Path analyzes assessed the mediation of the association between APs and suicidality by MDs. RESULTS: ACEs were reported by 53.6% of the sample and 48.4% presented two or more ACEs early in life and women were significantly more exposed than men (59.0% vs 47.66%). In confirmatory factor analyzes, the three-factor solution (\"Family Violence and Parental Maltreatment\", \"Substance Misuse, Criminality and Sexual Abuse\", and \"Economic Adversity and Parental Loss\") was more adjusted for men and the two-factors solution (\"Family Violence and Parental Maltreatment\", and \"Sexual Abuse and Parental Loss\") was more adjusted for women. In network analyzes, despite similarities in overall network structure, men and women have differences in specific ACEs. The \'parental MD\' (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.99 to 2.27) and \'family violence\' (OR = 1.55 to 1.99) were the most consistently disorders associated with ACEs across all age groups. \'Parental MD\' and \'economic adversity\' were associated with the four classes of MDs examined (mood, anxiety, impulse control and substance use disorders). When the association between ACEs and suicidality was controlled by MDs, only \'physical abuse\' was associated with suicide attempts in all subsequent stages of life (OR = 2.1). In the path analyzes, the effect of the MDs as mediators of the association between ACEs and suicidality was confirmed, being this mediation effect more important in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS: ACEs are a heterogeneous and interrelated group of risk factors. Their exposure profile is different in boys and girls. ACEs were consistently associated with MDs and although some ACEs were associated with suicidality, the roles played by different types of ACEs vary in magnitude, leading to varying results and different levels of severity
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Associação entre experiências precoces adversas e comportamentos relacionados ao suicídio na vida adulta / Association between adverse childhood experiences and suicidal behaviors in adulthoodBruno Mendonça Coêlho 04 December 2017 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: As adversidade precoces (APs) são um grupo de experiências negativas vivenciadas durante o desenvolvimento e associadas a diversos desfechos clínicos e psiquiátricos. A literatura sobre os transtornos mentais (TMs) e cognições e comportamentos suicidas (CCS) destaca que a exposição a APs durante a infância se relaciona com essas condições na vida adulta. Contudo, o tamanho e a qualidade do efeito das APs nas CCS varia entre os estudos. Como os TMs também determinam CCS, é preciso avaliar a contribuição concomitante de APs e TMs nos CCS. OBJETIVOS: Investigar a relação associativa entre APs e CCS na vida adulta e os fatores determinantes dessa relação. MÉTODOS: Este estudo é uma investigação transversal, multiestratificada e probabilística da população geral da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. O instrumento Composite International Diagnostic Interview versão 3.0 foi aplicado em 5037 indivíduos adultos. Os fatores sociodemográficos, 12 APs, 20 TMs ao longo da vida e CCS ao longo da vida foram coletados por meio de entrevistas no domicílio do respondente. Foram calculadas as prevalências das APs e estimados os modelos fatoriais, modelos de resposta ao item e modelos de redes para descrever as APs, para amostra total e por sexo. Correlações entre APs e subsequentes TMs ou CCS foram testadas e análises de trajetória avaliaram a mediação da associação entre APs e CCS pelos TMs. RESULTADOS: As APs atingiram 53,6% da amostra e 48,4% apresentaram duas ou mais APs na vida, sendo as mulheres significativamente mais expostas que os homens (59,0% vs 47,66%). Nas análises fatoriais confirmatórias, a solução com três fatores (\"Violência Familiar e Desajuste Parental\"; \"Uso indevido de Substâncias, Criminalidade e Abuso Sexual\"; e \"Adversidade Econômica e Perda Parental\") foi mais ajustada para os homens e a de dois fatores (\"Violência Familiar e Desajuste Parental\" e \"Abuso Sexual e Perda Parental\") mais ajustada para as mulheres. Nas análises de rede, apesar de similaridades na estrutura global, homens e mulheres tem diferenças em APs específicas. O \'TM parental\' (Odds ratio [OR] = 1,99 a 2,27) e a \'violência familiar\' (OR = 1,55 a 1,99) foram as APs mais consistentemente associadas à TM em todas as faixas etárias. Os \'TM parentais\' e as \'adversidades econômicas\' foram associados as quatro classes de TMs examinados (transtornos de humor, ansiedade, controle do impulso e do uso de substâncias). Quando a associação entre APs e CCS foi controlada por TMs, somente o \'abuso físico\' foi associado a tentativas de suicídio em todos os estágios de vida subsequentes (OR = 2,1). Nas análises estruturais, o efeito dos TMs como mediadores da associação entre APs e CCS foi confirmado, sendo essa mediação mais importante nas mulheres. CONCLUSÕES: As APs são um grupo heterogêneo e interrelacionado de fatores de risco. Sua exposição é diferente em meninos e meninas. As APs foram consistentemente associadas a TMs e embora algumas APs tenham sido associadas a CCS, os papéis desempenhados pelos diferentes tipos de APs na infância variam em magnitude, levando a resultados diversos e diferentes níveis de gravidade / BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a group of negative events experienced during development that has been associated with various clinical and psychiatric outcomes. The literature on mental disorders (MDs) and on suicidality highlights the association of these conditions during adulthood with the previous exposure to ACEs. However, the size and quality of the effect of ACEs on suicidality varies between studies. Since MDs also predict suicidality, it is necessary to evaluate the concomitant contribution of ACEs and MDs on suicidality. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to investigate the association between ACEs and suicidality in adulthood and the determinants of this relationship. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, multistratified and probabilistic study of the general population of São Paulo Metropolitan Area. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0 was applied in 5037 adult subjects. Sociodemographic data, 12 ACEs, 20 lifetime MDs, and lifetime suicidality were collected in household interviews. The prevalence of suicidality was estimated and factor models, item response theory models and network analysis models were calculated to describe ACEs for total sample and by sex. Correlations between ACEs and subsequent MDs or suicidality were tested. Path analyzes assessed the mediation of the association between APs and suicidality by MDs. RESULTS: ACEs were reported by 53.6% of the sample and 48.4% presented two or more ACEs early in life and women were significantly more exposed than men (59.0% vs 47.66%). In confirmatory factor analyzes, the three-factor solution (\"Family Violence and Parental Maltreatment\", \"Substance Misuse, Criminality and Sexual Abuse\", and \"Economic Adversity and Parental Loss\") was more adjusted for men and the two-factors solution (\"Family Violence and Parental Maltreatment\", and \"Sexual Abuse and Parental Loss\") was more adjusted for women. In network analyzes, despite similarities in overall network structure, men and women have differences in specific ACEs. The \'parental MD\' (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.99 to 2.27) and \'family violence\' (OR = 1.55 to 1.99) were the most consistently disorders associated with ACEs across all age groups. \'Parental MD\' and \'economic adversity\' were associated with the four classes of MDs examined (mood, anxiety, impulse control and substance use disorders). When the association between ACEs and suicidality was controlled by MDs, only \'physical abuse\' was associated with suicide attempts in all subsequent stages of life (OR = 2.1). In the path analyzes, the effect of the MDs as mediators of the association between ACEs and suicidality was confirmed, being this mediation effect more important in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS: ACEs are a heterogeneous and interrelated group of risk factors. Their exposure profile is different in boys and girls. ACEs were consistently associated with MDs and although some ACEs were associated with suicidality, the roles played by different types of ACEs vary in magnitude, leading to varying results and different levels of severity
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A influência da afetividade sobre a associação entre adversidades na infância e patologia da personalidade na vida adulta / The influence of affectivity on the association between childhood adversities and personality pathology during adulthoodSantana Junior, Geilson Lima 06 December 2017 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: As adversidades na infância são experiências comuns e associadas a uma série de desfechos negativos ao longo da vida. Maus tratos e disfunção familiar também estão implicados em transtornos de personalidade na idade adulta, mas ainda não foram esclarecidos os mecanismos e processos subjacentes. OBJETIVOS: O objetivo principal é investigar a associação entre adversidades na infância e patologia da personalidade na população adulta residente na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Será testada a hipótese de que essa relação seja mediada por traços de afetividade positiva e negativa. Também será avaliada a prevalência das adversidades na infância, a sua distribuição e agregação, assim como a epidemiologia dos transtornos da personalidade, ainda amplamente desconhecida no Brasil devido à falta de estudos com amostras representativas da nossa população. MÉTODOS: Os dados foram provenientes do São Paulo Megacity, estudo com uma amostra representativa dos adultos residentes na Grande São Paulo (n=2.942). Foram utilizadas regressão multivariada, análise multinível e modelagem de equações estruturais. RESULTADOS: Mais da metade (53,6%) dos adultos da Grande São Paulo relatou alguma adversidade na infância, sendo as mais comuns a morte parental, o abuso físico e a violência familiar. Em geral, essas experiências não ocorreram de maneira isolada, especialmente as consideradas mais graves, como o abuso sexual. Também foi elevada a prevalência de patologia da personalidade: 6,8% dos adultos apresentaram algum transtorno, sendo mais comum o Cluster C (4,6%), seguido pelos Clusters A (4,3%) e B (2,7%). Esses quadros estavam independentemente associados a prejuízos funcionais, especialmente nos domínios cognitivo e de interação social. Entretanto, com exceção do Cluster C, não houve associação com uso de serviços de saúde após o ajuste para outros diagnósticos psiquiátricos. Todos os transtornos da personalidade estavam associados a adversidades na infância, e a maior ocorrência foi encontrada no Cluster B (71,8%). Os eventos mais relacionados foram abuso físico, psicopatologia parental, criminalidade parental e violência familiar. Essas relações respeitaram um gradiente dose-resposta: quanto maior o número de exposições, maior a probabilidade de transtorno da personalidade. Essas associações foram parcialmente mediadas pelo aumento do afeto negativo, mas não pela diminuição do afeto positivo. CONCLUSÕES: As adversidades na infância são experiências frequentes, que tendem a se agregar em redes complexas, indicando a existência de contextos abusivos. Os expostos têm uma probabilidade aumentada de patologia da personalidade, quadros com significativas repercussões funcionais. Os resultados ressaltam a necessidade de se investigar uma história de eventos adversos na infância e abordar as suas consequências afetivas em pacientes com transtornos da personalidade. Esse estudo também pode trazer alguma contribuição à Saúde Pública. Possivelmente, o esclarecimento dessas cadeias de eventos pode ajudar no delineamento de potenciais alvos para intervenção. Estratégias preventivas, como o treinamento de habilidades parentais, podem ser direcionadas às famílias sob maior risco, e as crianças e adolescentes que já foram expostos podem ser elegíveis para programas voltados à regulação emocional. Investigações futuras devem avaliar se essas estratégias podem reduzir a ocorrência e o ônus associado aos transtornos da personalidade / INTRODUCTION: Childhood adversities are common experiences associated with a series of negative outcomes throughout the life cycle. Child abuse and family dysfunction are also related to personality disorders in adulthood, but the underlying mechanisms and processes are yet to be clarified. OBJECTIVES: The main objective is to investigate the relationship between childhood adversities and personality pathology on the adult population residing in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area. The study will also test the hypothesis that this association is mediated by positive and negative affectivity traits. Furthermore, it will estimate the prevalence of childhood adversities, its distribution and aggregation, as well as the epidemiology of personality disorders, still largely unknown in Brazil due to the lack of studies with representative samples of our population. METHODS: Data come from Sao Paulo Megacity, a survey with a representative sample of adults residing in Greater Sao Paulo (n=2,942). Analyses used multivariate regression, multilevel analysis and structural equation modeling. RESULTS: More than half (53.6%) of the adults in Greater Sao Paulo reported any childhood adversity, and the most common were parental death, physical abuse and family violence. In general, these experiences did not occur in isolation, especially those considered more serious, such as sexual abuse. The prevalence of personality pathology was also high: 6.8% of the adults had any personality disorder. Cluster C was the most frequent condition (4.6%), followed by Clusters A (4.3%) and B (2.7%). These disorders were independently associated with functional impairment, especially in cognitive and social interaction domains. However, with the exception of Cluster C, there was no association with health services use after control for other psychiatric diagnoses. All personality disorders were related to childhood adversities, and the most frequent occurrence was detected in Cluster B (71.8%). The mostly associated events were physical abuse, parental psychopathology, parental criminality and family violence. Associations followed a dose-response gradient: the greater the number of exposures, the greater the probability of a personality disorder. These relationships were partially mediated by an increase in negative affect, but not by a decrease in positive affect. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood adversities are frequent and tend to aggregate in complex networks, indicating the existence of contexts of abuse. The exposed have an increased probability of personality pathology, a group of conditions with significant functional repercussions. These results highlight the need of investigating a history of childhood adverse events and targeting its affective consequences in patients with personality disorders. This study may also have some contribution to public health efforts. Perhaps the clarification of these chains of events allows delineating potential targets for intervention. Prevention strategies, such as parenting skills training, may be directed to at-risk families, and already exposed children and adolescents may be eligible to programs aiming emotional regulation. Future studies should evaluate if these strategies can reduce the occurrence and the burden associated with personality disorders
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A influência da afetividade sobre a associação entre adversidades na infância e patologia da personalidade na vida adulta / The influence of affectivity on the association between childhood adversities and personality pathology during adulthoodGeilson Lima Santana Junior 06 December 2017 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: As adversidades na infância são experiências comuns e associadas a uma série de desfechos negativos ao longo da vida. Maus tratos e disfunção familiar também estão implicados em transtornos de personalidade na idade adulta, mas ainda não foram esclarecidos os mecanismos e processos subjacentes. OBJETIVOS: O objetivo principal é investigar a associação entre adversidades na infância e patologia da personalidade na população adulta residente na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Será testada a hipótese de que essa relação seja mediada por traços de afetividade positiva e negativa. Também será avaliada a prevalência das adversidades na infância, a sua distribuição e agregação, assim como a epidemiologia dos transtornos da personalidade, ainda amplamente desconhecida no Brasil devido à falta de estudos com amostras representativas da nossa população. MÉTODOS: Os dados foram provenientes do São Paulo Megacity, estudo com uma amostra representativa dos adultos residentes na Grande São Paulo (n=2.942). Foram utilizadas regressão multivariada, análise multinível e modelagem de equações estruturais. RESULTADOS: Mais da metade (53,6%) dos adultos da Grande São Paulo relatou alguma adversidade na infância, sendo as mais comuns a morte parental, o abuso físico e a violência familiar. Em geral, essas experiências não ocorreram de maneira isolada, especialmente as consideradas mais graves, como o abuso sexual. Também foi elevada a prevalência de patologia da personalidade: 6,8% dos adultos apresentaram algum transtorno, sendo mais comum o Cluster C (4,6%), seguido pelos Clusters A (4,3%) e B (2,7%). Esses quadros estavam independentemente associados a prejuízos funcionais, especialmente nos domínios cognitivo e de interação social. Entretanto, com exceção do Cluster C, não houve associação com uso de serviços de saúde após o ajuste para outros diagnósticos psiquiátricos. Todos os transtornos da personalidade estavam associados a adversidades na infância, e a maior ocorrência foi encontrada no Cluster B (71,8%). Os eventos mais relacionados foram abuso físico, psicopatologia parental, criminalidade parental e violência familiar. Essas relações respeitaram um gradiente dose-resposta: quanto maior o número de exposições, maior a probabilidade de transtorno da personalidade. Essas associações foram parcialmente mediadas pelo aumento do afeto negativo, mas não pela diminuição do afeto positivo. CONCLUSÕES: As adversidades na infância são experiências frequentes, que tendem a se agregar em redes complexas, indicando a existência de contextos abusivos. Os expostos têm uma probabilidade aumentada de patologia da personalidade, quadros com significativas repercussões funcionais. Os resultados ressaltam a necessidade de se investigar uma história de eventos adversos na infância e abordar as suas consequências afetivas em pacientes com transtornos da personalidade. Esse estudo também pode trazer alguma contribuição à Saúde Pública. Possivelmente, o esclarecimento dessas cadeias de eventos pode ajudar no delineamento de potenciais alvos para intervenção. Estratégias preventivas, como o treinamento de habilidades parentais, podem ser direcionadas às famílias sob maior risco, e as crianças e adolescentes que já foram expostos podem ser elegíveis para programas voltados à regulação emocional. Investigações futuras devem avaliar se essas estratégias podem reduzir a ocorrência e o ônus associado aos transtornos da personalidade / INTRODUCTION: Childhood adversities are common experiences associated with a series of negative outcomes throughout the life cycle. Child abuse and family dysfunction are also related to personality disorders in adulthood, but the underlying mechanisms and processes are yet to be clarified. OBJECTIVES: The main objective is to investigate the relationship between childhood adversities and personality pathology on the adult population residing in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area. The study will also test the hypothesis that this association is mediated by positive and negative affectivity traits. Furthermore, it will estimate the prevalence of childhood adversities, its distribution and aggregation, as well as the epidemiology of personality disorders, still largely unknown in Brazil due to the lack of studies with representative samples of our population. METHODS: Data come from Sao Paulo Megacity, a survey with a representative sample of adults residing in Greater Sao Paulo (n=2,942). Analyses used multivariate regression, multilevel analysis and structural equation modeling. RESULTS: More than half (53.6%) of the adults in Greater Sao Paulo reported any childhood adversity, and the most common were parental death, physical abuse and family violence. In general, these experiences did not occur in isolation, especially those considered more serious, such as sexual abuse. The prevalence of personality pathology was also high: 6.8% of the adults had any personality disorder. Cluster C was the most frequent condition (4.6%), followed by Clusters A (4.3%) and B (2.7%). These disorders were independently associated with functional impairment, especially in cognitive and social interaction domains. However, with the exception of Cluster C, there was no association with health services use after control for other psychiatric diagnoses. All personality disorders were related to childhood adversities, and the most frequent occurrence was detected in Cluster B (71.8%). The mostly associated events were physical abuse, parental psychopathology, parental criminality and family violence. Associations followed a dose-response gradient: the greater the number of exposures, the greater the probability of a personality disorder. These relationships were partially mediated by an increase in negative affect, but not by a decrease in positive affect. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood adversities are frequent and tend to aggregate in complex networks, indicating the existence of contexts of abuse. The exposed have an increased probability of personality pathology, a group of conditions with significant functional repercussions. These results highlight the need of investigating a history of childhood adverse events and targeting its affective consequences in patients with personality disorders. This study may also have some contribution to public health efforts. Perhaps the clarification of these chains of events allows delineating potential targets for intervention. Prevention strategies, such as parenting skills training, may be directed to at-risk families, and already exposed children and adolescents may be eligible to programs aiming emotional regulation. Future studies should evaluate if these strategies can reduce the occurrence and the burden associated with personality disorders
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