University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities. / Department of Government and Public Administration

No description available.

民間文學的創作和流傳極為廣泛，要加以完整收集極為困難，而傳統對民間文學的不夠重視民間文學的創作和流傳極為廣泛，要加以，也使得民間文學的保存工作益形艱難。狄青是宋代名將，有關他的故事在民間文學中極為蓬勃。本文的研究對象是，以狄青為主角的小說為主來研究。有關狄家將的小說主要有三種：《萬花樓》、《五虎平西》與《五虎平南》，在文學評價上不高，治小說史者很少提到這幾本小說，但就情節的安排來看，這幾本小說也有其獨特之處。本文本來試圖通過探討狄家將小說版本、作者問題、史料的差異程度、作品的內容思想等等來作歸納與分析。藉由這三種系統小說的比較結果，期更能了解清代狄家將小說情節敷演史實的差異程度，以及是否有先後相承的關係。第一章是序論部分。第二章是版本與作者問題。第三章是有關狄家將小說與歷史的關係。第四章是有關狄家將小說的起源及演變。第五章是以三本書的序□面的思想說明以外，還根據小說內容的大要跟情節來分析。第六章是有關正面人物以及反面人物的分析。第七章是結論。

Ka is a one movement composition for chamber orchestra consisting of three sections. The work's harmonic, melodic and rhythmic materials are derived from the Chinese I Ching ("Book of Changes"). The middle section was composed with the aid of a computer program written by the composer. The program generated the interval sequence arrays forming the harmonic basis for the piece. Ka is scored for flute, oboe, B𝄬 clarinet, bassoon, French Horn, trumpet, trombone, three percussionists, violin, viola, cello and double bass. The score is 62 pages with a 39 page analysis preceding the score. Ka has a duration of approximately 10 minutes with no pauses between sections.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences. / Department of History

This thesis reaches across multiple disciplines, including music psychology, performing arts, and philosophy, to propose using Lao Tzu’s philosophical thoughts in his book Tao Te Ching (also Dao De Jing, daodejing) to cultivate a classical performing musician’s “professional mindset.” “Professional mindset” is defined as the performer’s attitude in dealing with people including himself, and philosophical perspectives in making music. Part I evaluates the recurring traits of classical performing musicians (CPMs) as key for later arguing that Tao Te Ching helps enhance and transform the associated behaviors of a CPM’s recurring traits. These traits include being aloof, intelligent, emotionally unstable, dominant, sensitive, imaginative, self-sufficient, having high ergic tension, along with the associated second-order factors introversion, anxiety, independence, and being unrestrained. Part II introduces Tao Te Ching by building its thinking system map, with each of the book’s components explained and the underlying concepts hidden in the map uncovered via my English translations of the text as found in Chen Guying’s commentary. Part III presents three perspectives that collectively argue how Tao Te Ching cultivates a CPM’s professional mindset. The first analyzes anecdotes from the biographies of flutist Marcel Moyse using the recurring traits of CPMs in order to show how Lao Tzu’s thoughts can enhance or transform the associated behaviors of the recurring traits of CPMs. The second philosophically applies the duality of Lao Tzu to a CPM’s main musical activities and defines his daily performing cycle. The third explains how Tao Te Ching creatively deals with musical matters.

從元、清兩代之建國簡史來對照，發現了一相似的共點：蒙古族與滿族完全進入中國江北、江南地區，統治另一個不相同文化體系之漢族農業社會。若仍以蒙古族及滿族在未入主中原前之簡陋律令，欲治理廣大漢族居住之地區，必會有「捉襟見肘」之窘境，故有繼受之舉。而漢族地區歷代政權頒行之刑律中，「六殺」之「誤殺」一項，更能反映出漢族地區刑律思想中，對不同「誤殺」樣態，有高度區別能力之一面。為探究蒙古族及滿族統治者，面臨較細緻之漢族刑律責任思想時，有何不同之繼受態度，分析元律與清律中之「誤殺」類型與型態。全文共有五章。

This study investigated the microbiota in ten different drinking water treatment pools, particles in the Biological Activated Carbon Filtration (BACF) bed, and two mimic columns in the Cheng-Ching Lake Water Treatment Plant. Assimilable organic carbon (AOC) is one of the main nutrition sources for microbes to survive in tap water. Over growing microbes not only decrease the water quality, but also contaminate the water treatment system and distribution system. In this study, we used two molecular biology techniques, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), to analyze the dynamic microbial communities and biodiversities in the drinking water cleaning system and the micorbiota that exist in the BAC and anthracite filtration pellets. The bacterial 16S rDNA sequences resulted from PCR-DGGE were compared with the data in the Ribosomal Database Project Bank to construct a phylogenetic tree which allowed us to understand the microbial communities and biodiversities in the drinking water treatment pools and the filtration pellets. The total bacterial count and PCR-DGGE profiles showed that the drinking water quality had been improved during the treating processes and most of the microbes in raw water were removed. The scanning electron microscopy clearly indicated the biofilms were developed on the pellet surface. From the mimic column studies, the PCR-DGGE profiles suggested that various microbial communities were present on different depth of the columns samples. In comparing the 16S rDNA sequences with Gene Bank, many are new category bacteria were found and most of them are unculturable. Most of these microbes belong to the beta-proteobacterium. Although many bacteria were located on the surface of the filtration pellet, the BAC and anthracite could still absorb AOC efficiently to enhance the bacteria growth. The over growing bacteria might release out and contaminate the drinking water. Therefore, we suggest that it is important to backwash the filter bed frequently in order to diminish microbes of the filtration pellet and avoid re-contaminate the drinking water.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Portuguese

It is a research about The Four Great novels in late Ching Dynasty, to discuss the intentions of the writers, the background of the era, structure and narrative, characters, readers and the thought of the novels. The intentions of the writers were strong and everyone of them had his own specialty. There were so many wars in late Ching Dynasty, the politics was disorder and the culture was continued to change from the old one to the new one. The disorder situation effected the novels. Transporting foreign novels to China and printing the novels on newspapers made the Four Great novels got change. It changed the structure and narrative of the novels. The readers were very important to the novels and the relations among the readers,writers and works got change because of printing the novels on newspapers. The intention of the writers were strong that it made the novels more thoughtful and showed them by the way of blaming and exposing the crimes. This is not only a research about the forms but also the thought of the novels that it tries to offer a more complete observation of the Four Great novels.