There has been little interest in eighteenth century urban history in England and particularly in the significance of patterns of urban social structure during the transition from a traditional to a modern society. One reason for this is the intractable and fragmentary nature of the sources for this precensus period. In this study three types of source, a town directory, a Parliamentary Poll Book and the city rate and national tax returns for Bristol in 1774/5, were collated using nominal record linkage techniques to give a body of information which covered 80% of the city's heads of household. With the use of this database and various computer techniques occupation, sex, wealth, place of residence and voting allegiance were analysed. The results suggest that a professional or leisured suburban group was by this date well established in distinct areas of the city. The supremacy of the traditional élite, the overseas merchants, was challenged by this group, although the merchants themselves were in part joining the suburban dwellers. Poorer Bristolians still concentrated in dockside parishes and in parts of the city which were becoming increasingly unfashionable and homogeneous as the richer men moved out, though this process was not very far advanced and there was still a degree of mixing in the older city parishes. The economic structure of the city was changing with increased emphasis on services, professions and distribution. This increased disparities in wealth within the city and between the city and its hinterland and gave the ability to the rich to further their isolation from the poor by moving to the suburbs. The 1774 election pointed to the continuing importance of traditional influences (here of religion) In society, but also confirmed suggestions that the professions and distributors were drawing away from the mass of the populace. A revision of previous interpretations of the nature of Bristol society is necessary to accommodate this growing and important group - the emergent middle class. The thesis shows that a comprehensive computer-based study can make usable dubious sources (in particular fiscal records) and use them to revise interpretations of English urban communities at this date.

Orientador: Maria Stella Martins Bresciani / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T18:09:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Correia_LucianaCristina_M.pdf: 2587452 bytes, checksum: d3f6b2d40f5947d83d018d008702c96b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O presente texto de dissertação analisa as relações entre medicina e espaço urbano presentes na cadeira de Higiene da Faculdade de Medicina de São Paulo, no período entre 1918 e 1928. A intenção é acompanhar e analisar o olhar dos médicos pertencentes ao departamento de Higiene para as cidades paulistas. Para tanto, primeiramente, recuperamos aspectos do campo médico paulista no início do século XX, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica. Analisamos também as mudanças na legislação estadual que deu origem à Faculdade de Medicina, bem como a trajetória da Fundação Rockefeller, pois levamos em consideração o fato de que a cadeira de Higiene possuía um laboratório anexo, o Instituto de Higiene. Tanto a cadeira como o Instituto de Higiene são frutos de um acordo entre a Faculdade de Medicina e a Fundação Rockfeller. Assim, buscamos enfatizar em nossa leitura que a cooperação entre essas duas instituições coaduna-se com a atuação internacional da Fundação Rockefeller. Para analisar especificamente a estrutura da disciplina de Higiene, utilizamos os relatórios dos professores responsáveis pela disciplina no Instituto, enviados à Fundação Rockefeller e também a inspeção sanitária realizada pelo médico Mário da Costa Galvão em Mogi das Cruzes para demonstrar que o olhar dos médicos voltava-se especialmente para os equipamentos sanitários das cidades / Abstract: This text dissertation analyzes the relationship between medicine and urban space in the present chair of Hygiene, Medical School, São Paulo, between 1918 and 1928. The intention is to observe and analyze the look of doctors belonging to the department of Hygiene for the cities of São Paulo. To do so, first, we recover aspects of the medical field São Paulo in the early twentieth century, through literature. We also analyzed changes in state law that gave rise to the Faculty of Medicine as well as the trajectory of the Rockefeller Foundation since we take into consideration the fact that the chair had a laboratory attached, the Institute of Hygiene. Both the chair and the Institute of Hygiene are the result of an agreement between the School of Medicine and the Rockefeller Foundation. So we try to emphasize in our reading that the cooperation between these two institutions is consistent with international operations of the Rockefeller Foundation. To specifically analyze the structure of the discipline of Hygiene, we use the reports of teachers responsible for discipline in the Institute sent to the Rockefeller Foundation and also the sanitary inspection performed by the doctor Mario Costa Galvão in Mogi das Cruzes to demonstrate that physicians look-back especially for sanitation of cities / Mestrado / Politica, Memoria e Cidade / Mestra em História

Shum Wai Lap William. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 1998-99, design report." / Includes bibliographical references (leave 80). / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.01 / SYNOPSIS --- p.02 / INTRODUCTION / Chapter 001 --- THESIS STATEMENT --- p.04 / Chapter 002 --- CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK --- p.05 / Chapter 01. --- Marriage of Memorial and Entertainment / Chapter 02. --- Journey along Time Corridor: From Retrospect to Prospect / Chapter 03. --- "Community Focus, Tourism and Scholarship" / Chapter 04. --- Investigating Building on Slope / Chapter 003 --- PROBLEMS & OPPORTUNITIES --- p.07 / Chapter 01. --- Monument vs Instrument ´ؤ Memory vs Energy / Chapter 02. --- Significance of War Memorial Places in Hong Kong / Chapter 03. --- Generational Gap & Youth Issues / EXISTING STATE / Chapter 004 --- BACKGROUND --- p.10 / Chapter 01. --- Hong Kong Second World War History / Chapter 02. --- Sino-Japanese Relationship after the Second World War / Chapter 03. --- War Studies in Hong Kong / Chapter 04. --- Background of Military Training / Chapter 05. --- Military Training in Hong Kong / Chapter 005 --- PHYSICAL CONDITIONS --- p.17 / Chapter 01. --- Fortifications as Architectural Interest / Chapter 02. --- Usages of Fortifications at Peace Time / Chapter 03. --- Fortifications in Hong Kong during the Second World War / Chapter 04. --- Rationales of Site Selection / Chapter 05. --- Site Characters / Chapter 06. --- Codes & Future Master Planning / Chapter 006 --- CLIENT PROFILES --- p.31 / Chapter 007 --- PROPOSED USER GROUPS --- p.34 / FUTURE STATE / Chapter 008 --- MISSION & DESIGN APPROACHES --- p.35 / Chapter 009 --- ISSUES & GOALS --- p.36 / Chapter 01. --- Image / Chapter 02. --- View / Chapter 03. --- Urbanistic Concern / Chapter 04. --- Environment / Chapter 05. --- Symbolism / Chapter 06. --- Accessibility / Chapter 07. --- Landscaping / Chapter 08. --- Mood/Ambience / Chapter 010 --- SCHEDULE OF ACCOMMODATION --- p.40 / DESIGN CONCEPTUALIZATION / Chapter 011 --- DESIGN PHILOSOPHY --- p.43 / Chapter 012 --- SITE STRATEGY --- p.45 / Chapter 013 --- DESIGN DEVELOPMENT --- p.47 / Chapter 014 --- FINAL DESIGN --- p.60 / Chapter 01. --- Site Zoning & Setting Out / Chapter 02. --- Building Concept - Mapping of Contradictory Programs / Chapter 03. --- Museum Sequence - Scenario-Telling Adventure / Chapter 04. --- Final Presentation Panels / APPENDICES --- p.77 / Chapter A 01. --- Case Studies - The Hong Kong Museum of Coastal Defence / Chapter A 02. --- Presentation Panels ( 1st & 2nd review ) / Chapter A 03. --- Minute of Interview / Chapter A 04. --- Bibliographies

Anglais:<p>Through a comparative examination of Montreal and Brussels, this thesis considers the way city dwellers shaped the social and cultural significance of urban space in terms of sensorial experiences and bodily practices. The analysis is based primarily on qualitative sources relating to urban life and to the relationship with the city environment during the period 1880-1914, a time when cities underwent intense transformations associated with modernity and industrialisation. The discourses and representations examined in this study were produced by a wide range of urban actors, including elected officials and municipal bureaucrats, industrialists, urban reformers, factory and housing inspectors, workers, doctors, hygienists, writers, artists and ordinary citizens.<p><p>This was a period in which the city was increasingly conceptualised as a total, organic object. Consequently, the thesis first examines representations, both critical and celebratory, of these cities in their entirety, showing how the discourse about urban space was constructed through experiences with, and perceptions of, its materiality. The subsequent chapters examine, in turn, spaces of industrial production, homes and the streets. In each of these spaces, representations of these changing environments were produced in marked reference to the body and the senses. In a time marked by the rise of scientific and rational thought, the sources consulted demonstrate the centrality of personal and subjective experiences in the construction of understandings of the city. Analysing these specific milieus also affords the opportunity to consider the cultural significance of the body, as well as its place in the social tensions that characterised the period.<p><p>The comparative approach through which these cities are analysed illuminates the development of similar processes in analogous, yet discrete, contexts. In this way, certain specificities of Brussels and Montreal, as well the commonalities they shared, are brought to light. The principal objective of this bipartite perspective, however, is to demonstrate, in reference to two local examples, how urban dwellers interiorised vast processes of global transformation by means of their bodies, the spaces through which they moved on a daily basis, as well as their immediate socio-cultural context.<p><p>*********<p><p>Français:<p>Se penchant sur les cas de Montréal et de Bruxelles en comparaison, cette thèse examine la façon dont, à travers la perception sensorielle et les pratiques corporelles des citadins, la signification sociale et culturelle de l’espace urbain se construit. L’analyse se base principalement sur des sources discursives témoignant de la vie urbaine et du rapport à l’espace d’une multitude d’acteurs durant la période 1880-1914, traversée par d’intenses transformations liées à la modernité et à l’industrialisation. Les discours émanant des élus et des fonctionnaires municipaux, des industriels, des réformateurs urbains, des inspecteurs d’usines et de logements, des ouvriers, des médecins, des hygiénistes, des écrivains, des artistes et de simples citoyens ont été consultés. <p><p>S’agissant d’une époque où la ville est de plus en plus conceptualisée dans sa totalité, la thèse aborde, dans un premier temps, les discours, à la fois critiques et élogieux, concernant la ville industrielle dans son ensemble, en montrant comment ceux-ci sont construits par rapport à l’expérience et aux perceptions de la matérialité urbaine. Puis, dans les chapitres subséquents, les lieux de production industrielle, le logement et les rues sont examinés successivement. Dans chacun de ces types d’espace, les discours faisant état de l’intensification des transformations à l’environnement se déclinent, de façon prononcée, en référence au corps et aux sens. Ils témoignent de la place prépondérante des expériences personnelles et subjectives dans la construction du rapport à l’espace urbain, et ce à une époque marquée par la montée de la pensée scientifique et rationnelle. L’analyse de ces milieux permet aussi de mettre en relief la façon dont se construit la signification culturelle du corps, ainsi que la place de celui-ci dans l’évolution des tensions sociales caractéristiques de l’époque. <p><p>À travers une approche comparative, l’étude de ces deux villes permet d’examiner l’évolution de processus similaires dans deux contextes analogues, mais distincts. Ainsi est-il possible de déceler certaines spécificités de Bruxelles et de Montréal, de même que des traits communs aux deux villes. Cependant, l’apport principal de cette perspective croisée est de montrer, à la lumière de deux exemples locaux, la manière dont les citadins intériorisent de vastes processus globaux de transformation par le biais de leur corps, des espaces qu’ils fréquentent quotidiennement, et de leur contexte socioculturel immédiat. <p> / Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished