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Optimalisering van gemeenskapsdeelname in geintegreerde ontwikkelingsbeplanning : 'n Wellington-gevallestudieSmit, Jacobus Francois 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africans are familiar with apartheid principles and practices. Apartheid
principles were not only used as a mechanism that robbed people of their
human rights, but it also gave rise to limited or no community participation in
government decision-making. South Africa's democratic regime (after 1994) is
striving to increase community participation in government decision-making.
In this regard, the South African national government is initiating community
development policies and programmes such as the Reconstruction and
Development Programme (1994), Masakhane programme (1998) and
Integrated Development Planning (1997).
This research focuses on Integrated Development Planning (lOP) and local
government's role in stimulating community participation. Various participation
models are highlighted, and the Wellington case is used to illustrate that
communities will participate optimally in development activities if their
participation will bring about their own empowerment.
The research methodology includes interviews, television news programmes,
newspaper articles and focus group sessions. Responses from the focus
group interviews indicated that the community is easy-going and they expect
activities to be undertaken for them. It was also noted that meaningful
mechanisms for enhancinq community participation are limited. The
community-empowerment model and recommendations are presented to
optimise community participation. The following recommendations are made,
namely accessibility of development initiatives, mobilising the community,
relevant administrative skills of public officials, democratic constitution and
legislation, concrete policy relating to community participation, meaningful
empowerment of the community, explaining the content of concepts,
programmes and projects, training for public officials, awareness of policy
implications with regards to community participation and municipal planning in
co-operative government. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrikaners is vertroud met apartheidsbeginsels en praktyke.
Apartheidsbeginsels is nie net as 'n meganisme gebruik om groepe van hul
menseregte te ontneem nie, maar dit het ook aanleiding gegee tot gebrekkige
of geen gemeenskapsdeelname in owerheidsbesluitneming. Suid-Afrika se
demokratiese regeringstelsel (na 1994) streef daarna om
gemeenskapsdeelname in owerheidsbesluitneming te verhoog. Binne hierdie
hoedanigheid het die nasionale regering gemeenskapsontwikkelingsbeleide
en programme soos die Heropbou-en Ontwikkelingsprogram (1994),
Masakhane-program (1988) en GeTntegreerde Ontwikkelingsbeplanning
(1997) daargestel.
Die navorsing fokus op Ge"integreerde Ontwikkelingsbeplanning (GOB), en
plaaslike owerhede se rol ten opsigte van die stimulering van
gemeenskapsdeelname. Verskeie deelname-modelle word uitgelig en aan die
hand van die Wellington-geval, word aangetoon dat gemeenskappe optimaal
sal deelneem aan ontwikkelingsaktiwiteite indien hul deelname sal bydra tot
hul eie bemagtiging.
Die navorsingsmetodologie sluit in onderhoude, televisie-nuusprogramme,
koerantartikels en fokusgroep-sessies. Terugvoering van die fokusgroeponderhoude
dui aan dat die gemeenskap gemaksugtig is en verwag dat
aktiwiteite vir hulle onderneem word. Daar is waargeneem dat betekenisvolle
meganismes om gemeenskapsdeelname te optimaliseer gebrekkig was. Die
kommunikasie-bemagtigingsmodel en aanbevelings word aangebied ten
einde gemeenskapsdeelname te optimaliseer. Die volgende aanbevelings
word gemaak naarnlik, toeganklikheid van ontwikkelingsinisiatiewe;
mobilisering van die gemeenskap; relevante administratiewe vaardighede van
openbare amptenare; demokratiese grondwet en beleide; konkrete beleide
rakende gemeenskapsdeelname; betekenisvolle bemagtiging van die
gemeenskap; verduideliking van die inhoud van konsepte, programme en projekte, opleiding van amptenare; bewuswording van beleidsimplikasies
rakende gemeenskapsdeelname en munisipale beplanning in 'n
samewerkende regering.
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State-private sector-civil-society partnerships and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) : a South African responseNgwenya, Nomfundo Xenia 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001 / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: As the regional arm of the United Nations in Africa, the United Nations Economic
Commission for Africa (ECA) is faced with the challenge of conforming to the broader
agenda of its mother body while it simultaneously strives to be seen to devise solutions
that are unique to Africa's development needs. This means that the ECA needs to find a
way of striking a balance between the demands of international development trends and
the viability of such trends for Africa.
The United Nations, similarly to other influential multilateral institutions like the World
Bank, has moved into the 21st century with the 'partnerships approach' to development.
The central idea behind these partnerships is that of promoting active participation
between the state, the private sector and civil society in contributing towards
development. What this means, therefore, is that development is no longer viewed as the
sole responsibility of the state, but rather calls for a closer working relationship between
these three sectors. Given the fact that these sectors are at different levels of
development in many African countries, with some countries not even having an active
civil society, private sector or even a strong state, the ECA has to make sense of what
exactly partnerships mean for Africa.
This study is based on an understanding that if the ECA wishes to have an impact on the
African continent, it will have to engage its Member States in order to develop a common
idea and approach to the conceptualisation and implementation of partnerships in Africa.
In light of this background, this study focuses on South Africa as a Member State of the
ECA and one of a few countries that have a strong civil society and developed private
sector. What is also significant about South Africa is the fact that a number of significant
initiatives that involve both state and non-state actors have been evident in the period
since the first democratic elections of 1994, thus allowing for an informed response from
representatives of the different sectors. A South African response has thus been compiled from the six interviews that were conducted, two with representatives from each of the
three sectors.
Following from the responses, the study makes recommendations as to how the ECA can
playa leading role in promoting partnerships in Africa. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Verenigde Nasies se Ekonomiese Kommissie vir Afrika (EKA), 'n
streeksvertakking van die Verenigde Nasies in Afrika, staan gedurig voor die
uitdaging om te konformeer met die breër agenda van die moederorganisasie, maar
streef terselfdertyd daarna om spesifieke antwoorde te vind vir Afrika se unieke
ontwikkelingsbehoeftes. Dit beteken dat die EKA 'n middeweg tussen die eise van
internasionale ontwikkelingstendense en die toepaslikheid daarvan in Afrika moet
vind.
Net soos die Wêreldbank en ander invloedryke internasionale instansies, is die
Verenigde Nasies se benadering tot ontwikkeling in die een en twintigste eeu geskoei
op 'n vennootskapsbasis. Die onderliggende oogmerk van dié benadering is die
aanmoediging van aktiewe bydraes tot ontwikkeling deur die staat, privaatsektor en
burgerlike samelewing. Derhalwe beteken dit dat ontwikkeling nie meer gesien word
as die uitsluitlike verantwoordelikheid van die staat nie, maar eerder as 'n funksie van
samewerking tussen die drie bogenoemde sektore. Aangesien baie Afrika state hulself
op verskillende vlakke van ontwikkeling bevind, tesame met die feit dat sommige nie
oor 'n aktiewe burgerlike samelewing, private sektor, of selfs 'n sterk staat beskik nie,
is dit die taak van die EKA om gestalte te gee aan die konsep van 'vennootskappe'
binne 'n Afrika konteks.
Hierdie studie gaan uit vanaf die standpunt dat die EKA alleenlik 'n impak sal hê as
lidstate betrek word om 'n gemeenskaplike verstandhouding en benadering tot die
konsepsualisering en implimentering van vennootskappe in Afrika te ontwikkel. In
die lig van bogenoemde, fokus die studie op Suid-Afrika, as EKA lidstaat en een van
'n paar Afrika state met 'n sterk burgerlike samelewing en goed ontwikkelde
privaatsektor. 'n Verdere belangrike dimensie in die geval van Suid-Afrika, is die
aantal belangrike inisiatiewe wat gesamentlik tussen staats- en nie-staatsinstansies
sedert 1994 aangepak is. Hierdie inisiatiewe het verseker dat verteenwoordigers van
alle sektore 'n ingeligte benadering tot besluite rakende die ontwikkeling van die
streek kon volg. Vir die doeleindes van hierdie projek is ses onderhoude gevoer -
twee per sektor - ten einde 'n beter begrip te kry van die land se benadering tot
vennootskappe in diens van ontwikkeling. As 'n uitvloeisel van hierdie studie, word 'n aantal aanbevelings gemaak oor hoe die
EKA 'n leidende rol kan speel in die aanmoediging van vennootskappe in Afrika.
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Investigating women's participation in protest politics between 1991 and 2001Wildschut, Angelique Colleen 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The involvement of women in both conventional and unconventional forms of political
participation in South Africa has over the past 10 years, and often at present, been
experienced as problematic and limited. Exacerbating the problem of limited access and
information, the study of, and literature about, women's participation in unconventional
forms of politics have also been limited. It is the aim of this study to contribute to our
knowledge in this area.
This study investigates women's participation in unconventional politics between 1991
and 2001. This period is specifically important, as it makes possible the examination of
trends in women's political participation before and after the democratic transition in
1994. This makes it possible for us to speculate about the influence of transition on
women's political participation.
I propose and evaluate two mam hypotheses in which I; firstly, expect women's
participation in protest politics to decrease between 1991 and 2001, and secondly, expect
to find women's levels of participation in protest to be consistently lower than that of
their male counterparts. The complex set of variables influencing women's participation
is evaluated according to the socialization and structural approaches, which offer
different assumptions about the reasons for the trends in women's participation.
In conclusion, I offer the main findings of my research, as well as suggesting possible
areas still to be investigated within the field, as deduced from the questions arising out of
my analysis in this project. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die betrokkenheid van vroue in beide konvensionele en onkonvensionele vorme van
politieke deelname in Suid Afrika, was oor die laaste 10 jaar, en is steeds ervaar as
problematies en beperk. Wat die probleem vererger, is die beperkte toegang tot
informasie, die studie van, en literatuur oor, vroue se deelname in onkonvensionele
vorme van politiek. Dit is in die strewe na die oorkoming van hierdie leemtes, dat hierdie
werk aangepak word.
Hierdie werk ondersoek vroue se deelname in onkonvensionele politiek tussen 1991 en
2001. Hierdie periode is spesifiek belangrik, omdat dit die demokratiese transisie na 1994
insluit, en om neigings in vroulike deelname voor en na 1994 te bestudeer. Dit maak dit
moontlik om oor die invloed van die transisie op vroue se politieke deelname te
spekuleer.
Ek stel, en evalueer twee hoof hipoteses waarin ek; eerstens, verwag dat vroue se
deelname in protes politiek sal verminder tussen 1991 en 2001, en tweedens, verwag ek
om te vind dat vroue se vlakke van deelname in protes, deurentyd laer sal wees as die van
mans. Die komplekse stel veranderlikes wat vroue se deelname beinvloed, word geevalueer
in terme van die sosialisering- en strukturele benaderings, wat verskillende
voorstelle oor die motivering van die geobserveerde neigings in vroue se deelname
oplewer.
Ten slotte, bied ek die hoof bevindinge van my navorsing aan, so wel as voorstelle ten
opsigte van moontlike areas vir verder ondersoek binne die veld.
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The evaluation of World Vision's Area Development Programme in Lesotho : the case of TaungMotsomi, Napo F. (Napo Francis) 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was embarked upon to evaluate the contribution which World Vision as agent and catalyst
of development has made towards addressing social issues in Lesotho. Specifically, the study
evaluates Taung Area Development Programme which is one of the World Vision community
development programmes established to improve social conditions in the rural communities
particularly, in Tsoloane, Ha-Mopoane and Qhalasi. The study seeks to investigate three important
areas;
1. Participation: to assess whether the communities have been involved in the planning of the
projects, identified their own priorities for the projects or used their lands and other resources to
exercise control over their economic, social and cultural development.
2. Empowerment: to assess how the projects have strengthened the capacity of local communities.
This includes the transfer of skills through training for the purpose of equipping people to engage in
their own development.
3. Sustainability: to assess the long-term viability of the projects.
Data was gathered through the use of qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques. To
conduct both methods a snowball technique was applied. The data gathered was tabulated in graphs
and pie charts. The results were then discussed and analysed in terms of the aims of this research.
Regarding participation, the findings of the study revealed that to a large extent people were able to
participate in the planning of the projects. People were able to identify their objectives and make a
decision to embark on Income Generating Activities (IGA) such as raising poultry and pigs, sewing,
and making baskets, candles and soap. The IGA enabled project members to feed and earn income for
their families. The study further revealed that while certain people were able to participate in the
planning of their projects, in development activities such as the building of feeder roads, people’s
participation was minimal. This blueprint and top down planning approach allowed for little public
participation. The study also found that World Vision’s religious involvement was appreciated for the
moral support it provided. Another important issue the study brought to light was that people had an
opportunity to use their indigenous knowledge in their projects.
Regarding empowerment, almost all the respondents believed that World Vision played an important
role by training people to handle various activities within projects. Apart from the training given,
people also acquired different skills and knowledge. Most of the respondents acquired technical and
economic knowledge, while others became skilful in farming and health matters as well as in
handcraft. Empowerment in the Taung Area Development Programme has also manifested itself
through the improved living conditions of the local people. The study found that infrastructure such as
schools and roads have been established. As regards primary health care, respondents indicated that
they had access to clean water due to the presence of a community tap. HIV/AIDS awareness, disease prevention campaigns and the building of toilets have contributed to improved living conditions in the
Taung Area Development Programme. Though HIV/AIDS awareness and disease prevention
campaigns were essential for primary health care, few people were knowledgeable about deadly
diseases such as HIV/AIDS. As a result there was still a need for World Vision to underpin the spread
of HIV/AIDS awareness within the communities.
Sustainability has been attributed to the long-term survival of the development projects and their
future operation. The findings of this study confirmed that people in the Taung Area Development
Programme were optimistic that the skills and knowledge they have acquired, and the projects
themselves will generate resources and continue to operate after World Vision’s departure, especially
with regard to IGA projects. The study results confirmed that people who mainly engaged in
development activities such as at Qhalasi showed that they could only utilise their skills and
knowledge to a small degree.
The main conclusion reached by the study is that the Taung Area Development Programme as one of
World Vision’s programmes has to a large extent transformed the lives of the local people. As a result
of World Vision involvement in the Taung Area Development Programme, people-centred
development is manifestly seen to promote the participation and empowerment of the people as well
as the sustainability of the development projects. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om die bydrae wat World Vision as agent en katalisator van
ontwikkeling gemaak het om sosiale kwessies in Lesotho aan te spreek te bepaal. Die studie, meer
spesifiek evalueer die Taung Area Develoment Programme, wat een van World Vision se
gemeenskapontwikkelingprogramme is wat gevestig is om maatskaplike toestande in landelike
gebiede te bevorder veral in Tsoloane, Ha-Mopoane en Qhalasi. Die studie poog om drie belangrike
areas te ondersoek;
1. Deelname: om te bepaal of gemeenskappe betrek was by die beplanning van die projekte, deur die
identifikasie van hulle eie prioriteite vir die projekte, of die gebruik van hul grond en ander
hulpmiddels om beheer oor hul eie ekonomiese, sosiale en kulturele ontwikkeling uit te oefen.
2. Bemagtiging: om vas te stel in watter mate die programme die kapasiteit van plaaslike
gemeenskappe versterk het. Dit sluit in die oordrag van vaardighede deur opleiding, om mense toe te
rus om in hulle eie ontwikkeling betrokke te raak.
3. Volhoubaarheid: om die langtermyn lewensvatbaarheid van die projekte te bepaal.
Data is versamel deur die gebruik van kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe data-insamelingstegnieke. Om
albei tegnieke uit te voer was die sneeubal steekproeftegniek toegepas. Die data wat versamel was, is
in grafieke aangebied. Die resultate was daarna geanaliseer en bespreek in terme van hierdie studie se
doelstellings.
Met betrekking tot deelname, het die bevindings van die studie bewys dat die betrokke mense in ’n
groot mate bevoeg was om deel te neem aan die beplanning van die projekte. Mense was bevoeg om
doelwitte te identifiseer en besluite te neem om inkomste-genererende aktiwiteite (IGA) aan te pak.
Die aktiwiteite het pluimvee en varkboerdery, naaldwerk, en die maak van mandjies, kerse en seep
ingesluit. Die IGA het dit vir projeklede moontlik gemaak om kos en ’n inkomste vir hulle families te
verdien. Die studie het verder vasgestel dat, afgesien van die feit dat sommige mense bevoeg was om
aan die beplanning van hul projekte deel te neem, die deelname in ontwikkelingsprojekte soos die bou
van toeganspaaie, minimaal was. Die tipiese “van bo na onder’’ voorskriftelike benadering tot
beplanning het min geleentheid vir publieke deelname toegelaat. Die studie het ook bevesting dat die
godsdienstige betrokkenheid van World Vision, weens die morele ondersteuning wat dit bied, hoog
gewaardeer was. Nog ’n belangrike aspek wat die studie aan die lig gebring het, was dat die mense die
kans gebied was om hul inheemse kennis in hul projeke aan te wend.
Met betrekking tot bemagtiging, het feitlik al die respondente geglo dat World Vision ’n belangrike rol
gespeel het om mense op te lei om veskeie aktiwiteite binne hul projekte uit te voer. Benewens die
opleiding wat ontvang was, het die mense ook verskeie vaardighede en kennis opgedoen. Die
meerderheid van die respondente het tegniese en ekonomiese kennis opgedoen, terwyl andere in
landbou en gesondheidsaangeleenthede en ook handwerk vaardig geword het. Bemagtiging in die Taung Area Development Programme is ook deur die verbetering in die lewensomstandinghede van
die plaaslike bevolking geopenbaar. Die studie het ook gevind dat die infrastruktuur met die bou van
skole en paaie verbeter was. Met betrekking tot primêre gesondheid, het die respondente bevesting dat
hulle toegang tot skoon water gekry het deur middel van ’n gemeenskaplike kraan. Veldtogte soos
MIV/VIGS bewusmaking, voorkoming van siektes en die bou van toilette het tot verbeterde
lewensomstandinghede in die Taung Area Development Programme bygedra. Afgesien van veldtogte
soos MIV/VIGS en siektevoorkoming wat vir primêre gesondheidsorg belangrik is, beskik min mense
kennis van dodelike siektes soos MIV/VIGS. Dit blyk dus dat World Vision meer klem sal moet lê op
die verspreiding van kennis van MIV/VIGS binne die gemeenskappe.
Die langtermyn oorlewing van die ontwikkelingsprojekte sal aan volhoubaarheid gekoppel moet word.
Die bevindings van hierdie studie bevestig dat mense in die Taung Area Development Programme
optimisties was dat die vaardighede en kennis wat hulle verkry het, en die projekte, selfhulpmiddels
sal genereer wat nog in werking sal wees lank na die vertrek van World Vision, veral met betrekking
tot die IGA projekte. Hierdie studie bevestig dat persone wat hoofsaaklik betrokke was by
ontwikkelingsprojekte soos by Qhalasi, net tot ’n geringe mate hulle vaardighede en kennis kon
gebruik.
Die belangriskte slotsom wat hierdie studie bereik het was dat die Taung Area Development
Programme, as een van die World Vision programme, in ’n groot mate die lewens van die plaaslike
mense getransformeer het. As gevolg van World Vision se betrokkenheid in die Taung Area
Development Programme, word mensgesentreerde ontwikkeling nou gesien as bevordelik vir die
betrokkenheid en bemagtiging van die bevolking sowel as die volhoubaarheid van die
ontwikkelingsprojekte.
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An analysis of public participation in the South African legislative sectorScott, Renee 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPA (School of Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / Globally participatory democracy is viewed as essential to ensure a high level of
legitimacy, contribute to empowerment and strengthen democracy. Although
South Africa is a representative democracy, it also adheres to the principles of
participatory democracy as Parliament and the nine Provincial Legislatures are
constitutionally mandated to elicit public participation in its decision-making and
policy processes.
This study’s main aim is to determine whether the public participation strategies
employed in the South African legislative sector at present are effective and
enhance decision-making and policy processes.
Following a discussion of the theoretical context and rationale for public
participation, a limited international perspective on public participation was given.
The study proceeded to explore the application of public participation in the local
South African context with specific focus on the legislative environment.
In order to provide evidence in support of the research statement an investigation
was done on the current state of public participation in the South African
legislative environment. Responses from a semi-structured questionnaire on
public participation in the South African legislative context were processed into a
comparative table to obtain an overall picture of the legislative sector. From the
findings it is clear that there are many positive factors and innovative ideas in
place across the legislative sector, yet the weaknesses still far outweigh the
strengths.
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Misdaadvoorkoming in Elsiesrivier : 'n gevallestudieRademeyer, Ignatius M. 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The researcher focuses on the contributions made by community involvement, including
community policing and crime prevention strategies, on the prevention of attempted
murder in Elsies River, a gang ridden area.
A theoretical overview of community policing and crime prevention is provided. The
combination of crime prevention strategies, community involvement and role players to
prevent the contribution caused that give rise to crime, receive attention.
Against this background the applicability of social crime prevention - internationally
tested policing strategies included - is discussed in order to review the act of attempted
murder. Furthemore, the application of the solutions presented at ground level receive
attention and reasons are offered for the successful implementation of the Elsies River
Community- Police Crime Prevention Action Plan in 1998. The reality is compared to the
theory and conclusions are drawn concerning the handling of the problem.
Gang activities in Elsies River and the impact thereof on the reporting of attempted
murder is summarised. The Elsies River Community- Police Crime Prevention Action Plan
which was implemented between April and June 1998, is discussed and the influence
thereof on the reporting of attempted murder is analysed statistically.
In conclusion the findings of the research are enunciated and recommendations are
made to the successful prevention of crime. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie werkstuk word die voorkoming van poging tot moord in Elsiesrivier, 'n
bendegeteisterde gebied, deur middel van gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid,
gemeenskapspolisiëring ingesluit, en misdaadvoorkomingstrategieë ondersoek.
'n Teoretiese oorsig van gemeenskapspolisiëring en misdaadvoorkoming word gegee.
Die kombinering van misdaadvoorkomingstrategieë, gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid en die
betrokkenheid van rolspelers om die aanleidende faktore wat tot misdaad lei te
voorkom, geniet aandag.
Teen hierdie agtergrond word die toepaslikheid van sosiale misdaadvoorkoming, waarby
ingesluit internasionaal getoetste polisiëringstrategieë, bespreek om die voorkoms van
poging tot moord aan te spreek. Voorts geniet die toepassing van die voorgestelde
oplossings op grondvlak aandag en redes word aangevoer waarom die implementering
van die Elsiesrivier Gemeenskap- Polisie Misdaadvoorkomingsaksieplan in 1998 so
suksesvol was. Die praktyk word met die teorie vergelyk en gevolgtrekkings word
gemaak rakende die hantering van die probleem.
Bendebedrywighede in Elsiesrivier en die impak daarvan op die aanmelding van poging
tot moord word oorsigtelik behandel. Die Elsiesrivier Gemeenskap- Polisie
Misdaadvoorkomingsaksieplan wat gedurende April tot Junie 1998 geïmplementeer was,
word bespreek - die invloed wat dié strategie op die aanmelding van poging tot moord
gehad het, word statisties ontleed.
Ten slotte word die bevindings van die navorsing weergegee en aanbevelings word
gemaak om misdaad suksesvol te voorkom.
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Local capacity to manage forestry resources under a decentralised system of governance : the case of UgandaTuryahabwe, Nelson 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD (Forest and Wood Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / This study aims at examining technical and institutional capacity in local organisations to
manage decentralised forest resources in Uganda. Specifically the study assessed the roles,
responsibilities, powers and legal instruments, incentives, facilities and human and fiscal
resources of local organisations to undertake decentralised forest governance. Semistructured
and key informant interviews were conducted in local organisations and legal and
policy documents reviewed to ascertain strategies for implementing decentralised forestry.
An inventory of selected forests was conducted to assess effect of decentralisation policy on
the condition of forests in Uganda. Chi-square tests were used to show the factors that
motivate local organisations to participate in decentralised forest governance. Tree species
diversity and richness, density, diameter at breast height and basal area and sings of human
disturbance were used to compare the condition of forests under local government and those
under private and central government ownership. Similarity between the forests was assessed
using a Two Way INdicator SPecies Analysis, while the differences in the composition and
structural characteristics of trees among forest ownership categories were compared by oneway
analysis of variance. Multiple regression analysis was used to show the influence of
household pressure, forest size, the distance of the forest from roads and forest administrative
office, and the market demand of the forest produce on the capacity of forest agencies to
regulate timber harvesting. The findings reveals that local organisations supported devolved
forest management functions such as forest monitoring, tree planting, environmental
education, networking, collaborative and integrated planning, resource mobilisation and
formulation of byelaws. The role of forestry in the livelihoods of the people, the desire to
control forest degradation and access to forest revenue, donor and central government fiscal
support were the most important incentives in decentralised forest management. However,
limited capacity in terms of qualified staff, funds, facilities and equipment and inadequate
decision-making powers over fiscal resources from forestry, inequitable distribution of forest
revenue and unclear forest and tree tenure hindered decentralised forest management. The
diversity and richness indices, density, diameter at breast height and basal area of trees were
significantly higher in central forest reserves, intermediate in private and lower in local forest
reserves. The frequency of human disturbances was significantly higher in local forest
reserves than in private and central forest reserves. The variation in composition and structure
of the local forest reserves is partly attributed to human disturbances. The capacity of the
forest agencies to regulate forest resources use in the Mpigi forests was significantly affected
by the size of forest, and its location in relation to the well-maintained roads, forest
administrative office and the number of households in close proximity and the market demand
of the forest produce. Large forests in close proximity to densely populated areas and far a
way from roads and the forest administrative office were more affected by timber harvesting.
The results demonstrated that local governments are not yet efficient in monitoring and
regulating forest use and maintaining the condition of forests in Uganda. Local organisations
need to play an increased role in the implementation of the Forest Policy, the National
Forestry and Tree Planting and the Local Government Acts for successful decentralisation of
forest management and to recruit more technical staff, strengthen internal sources of revenue
and develop integrated forestry work plans. There is also a need for the central government to
integrate and co-ordinate local and central interests, and facilitate a working relationship with
local governments, civil society and the private sector involved in forestry. Forest owners and
managers in the Mpigi forests and Ugandaâ s tropical forests in general need to manage human
impacts so as to balance utilisation and conservation forest resources. There is need for longterm
studies to fully understand the real significance of ownership on the composition and
structure of the Mpigi forests and forests in other districts of Uganda.
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The role of regional councillors in consultation and communication regarding rural service delivery in the Oshana region of Namibia.Helao, Tuhafeni January 2005 (has links)
This study examined the role of regional councilors in consultation and communication regarding rural service delivery in Namibia, with specific reference to the Oshana region. The research includes a case study that assessed the degree and the extent to which consultation and communication takes place between regional councilors and community members at constituency level in the region. It also examined the inevitability of consultation and communication concerning basic services provision such as water and electricity in the Oshana region.
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Citizen participation and public recreation planning : case study and definition of criteria for citizen participation, Santa Cruz, BoliviaSanchez, Julio Cesar January 1995 (has links)
The city of Santa Cruz, Bolivia, has grown the last 40 years according to an urban plan. However, this urban planning process does not permit the citizen participation in public recreation planning.The Popular Participation Law approved in April, 1994, open new possibilities for citizen participation in public recreation planning in Santa Cruz. However, there are limitation in the implementation of the law.In order to correct those limitation the present study proposes basic criteria for popular participation in management of public recreational facilities. These criteria refer to delimitation of the neighborhoods in the city, the democratization of the Juntas Vecinales, and the definition of the organic structure of the Juntas Vecinales in a way that can permit popular participation. / Department of Urban Planning
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The Scope and Methods of Citizen Participation in Planning and Designing Public library FacilitiesWashington-Blair, Angela 08 1900 (has links)
A questionnaire survey was conducted to ascertain the scope and methods used to involve citizens in public library facility planning and design. Because of the paucity of written material on this subject in the literatures of both library science and architecture, this descriptive study was undertaken.
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