Playing an active supporting role in the development of film and TV industry is becoming an innovative city marketing strategy adopted by local governments in Taiwan recent years. The performance of a film and the outcome of city marketing policy involve a myriad of factors, and there lacks systemic indicators for local governments to evaluate the effect of city marketing through films and TV grams. This study, by exploring the cases of Kaohsiung City Government¡¦s efforts in supporting the development of film and TV industry, attempts to shed light on the strategic thinking in city marketing where ¡§public sector¡¨ is the main body, ¡§local¡¨ is the focus of marketing, and ¡§developing film and TV industry¡¨ is the methodology. This study employs the case study methodology, using the audiovisual policy of Kaohsiung City Government for case study. Through literature review and examination of theories on city marketing, this study sums up indicators and success factors mentioned in the literature to develop operational definitions for the film and TV industry and establish preliminary evaluation indicators. Furthermore, the study seeks out a representative panel of experts and uses the ¡§modified Delphi methodology¡¨ to obtain judgments and feedbacks for the indicators to render the construction of indicators more emblematic. Through questionnaire survey of 20 experts from the film and TV industry, academia, media, interested parties and public sector, this study constructs 38 evaluation indicators in five aspects, which are ¡§long-term goal oriented and using local resources¡¨, ¡§strengthening executive team and building local consensus¡¨, ¡§enhancing policy consensus and consolidating local resources¡¨, ¡§strengthening the contents of film or TV works with award-winning potential and stepping up international marketing¡¨ and ¡§establishing city brand and bringing in tourists¡¨, for city marketing through film and TV industry.

There is a movement in government toward more accountability and higher performance in the delivery of services. Well-managed and documented results are vital to transparency and enhanced decision-making ability for managers. Performance management and measurement is becoming a bigger part of the dialogue in the public sector, even though it has been present for decades in the private sector. One tool that is being adopted by public sector organizations is scorecards or balanced scorecards for performance measurement or management frameworks. Increasingly these tools are being used to satisfy the public’s and legislature’s desire for more accountability among the public sector in service delivery with public funds. These tools can fill the gap between simple budgetary or financial reporting to including more diverse non-financial indicators of performance. They can also provide a framework for better performance management and decision-making ability in addition to reporting on performance measures. This report provides an overview of scorecards and introduces concepts for the public sector that may bridge the gap between simple reporting and incorporating a scorecard for management purposes. It also suggests some non-standard techniques to utilizing cutting edge approaches to enhance the usability of scorecards as a more dynamic reporting and management tool. / text

There have been extensive debates on the factors that influence local policy decisions. Although many researchers have contributed to uncovering various influences such as political, economic, institutional, and demographic factors on local policy decisions, however, the concept of QoL rarely has used in extant literature. Local government spending is likely to be affected by citizen demands for achieving community well-being. Additionally, given that different policy functions variably affect local circumstances, the impact of QoL on local policy decisions will depend on the policy area. Hence, this study examined the relationship between QoL and local budgetary decisions based on Peterson's (1981) policy scheme of, three distinct policy arenas (developmental, allocational, and redistributive policy). In examining the relationship of QoL and city spending across policy functions, I also considered economic, political, institutional, and demographic factors, derived from various theoretical perspectives on local policy decisions. The relative influences of community QoL as well as other factors on local policy decisions were estimated by two-stage least squares regression analysis (2SLS) for developmental spending and by ordinary least squares (OLS) for allocational and redistributive spending. To measure community QoL, this study used 89,066 completed surveys from 167 communities in the United States for 2002-2008 are used. QoL appeared as a critical factor influencing local government expenditures in the three policy areas. The impact of QoL on local spending in the three areas differed depending on city income levels; city income levels then moderated local policy decisions. These findings suggest that local policy priorities adjusted in accordance with economic growth. Allocational policy functions also should be thought to be functions of cities geared toward giving them a competitive edge over other cities by meeting evolved citizen preferences for city amenities. These findings also point to distinct patterns of political activities in each policy arena. Given that community QoL reflects adjusted citizens' demands, I contend that community QoL can contribute to performance management by providing additional public information and a complementary performance indicator. / Ph. D.

By the early 1900s, ambitious business leaders were transforming Dallas, Texas into a rising commercial metropolis. However, the problems created by rapid urban growth spawned demands from all classes of citizens upon local government for more public improvements and services. When city government failed to meet these demands, many citizens began to seek a more responsive governmental system. Their search led to the establishment of a commission government which, like the modern business corporation, delegated authority to competent, well-paid administrators. Civic reformers hoped that the new system would represent overall community interests. However, Dallas business leaders, believing that continued urban expansion depended upon a city government attuned to business interests, organized a political movement which won them control of the city commission.

As city governments and universities expand their roles in economic development, an opportunity is created to transform a university–city relationship from an operational one to a strategic one and from co-existence to collaboration. Impacted by history and context, there are many challenges to overcome. The goal of my thesis was to understand the “doing of collaboration” and the specific management processes in university–local government collaborations. I conducted a comparative case study of a Canadian University, Simon Fraser University, and two city governments, Burnaby and Surrey. A number of management processes are critical in building a successful collaboration. Two of the most important are the use of one or more liaison people with the appropriate skills, mandate and access to resources and the involvement of representatives at different organizational levels, particularly faculty who provide access to the university’s research capacity. Bilateral city–university committees and a good relationship between the university president and city mayor are useful but not sufficient to deepen the collaboration. The involvement of third-party organizations in the university–city relationship is beneficial. The importance of trust-building processes such as attribution and dispute resolution are heightened if there is a need to overcome a negative historical incident, an isolated geographic location, or tensions over transactional issues. While management processes are important, a shared strategic goal is paramount. This shared goal may not be evident at the start of a relationship. To identify the shared goal, it is necessary to have an understanding of the most valued university roles given the city’s context and aims. Each organization must have sufficient trust to enter into a deeper collaboration and an initial condition of openness, responsiveness, and commitment is necessary. The thesis provides practical advice to cities and universities and reveals how demonstration of value can build over increasingly ambitious projects.

As the situation of politics and economy becomes more and more unstable in Taiwan, people have higher criticism and expectation to government efficiency. However, both of Taipei Household Registration Office and Department of Health Kaohsiung City Government have successfully implemented many innovations in organization and started the initial change in less than 3 years. Thus, this research tries to analyze why and how innovations could be diffused efficiently in these two government organizations and started the change. This research collects abundant data and information through studying documents and many deep interviews at first. Then, these data or information are made a static analysis by Everett M. Rogers¡¦ theory of Diffusion of Innovations and Innovation Process in Organizations, and a dynamic analysis by Casual Loop Diagrams of Systmes Thinking. All analyses include the comparison of these two cases. There are 15 findings as followed: 1. Creating can bring better performance than problem-solving. 2. Characteristics of innovations and inertia of organization will affect the speed of innovations diffusion and the acceptability of innovations. 3. Both of innovations and organization will be modified to fit each other. 4. The leader is the most influent point for diffusion of innovations in bureaucracy. 5. The leader sets an example with his/her own conduct and starts change from small things can be helpful to diffusion of innovations. 6. The leader persistence of innovations is helpful to diffusion of innovations. 7. How the leader diffuses innovations is a process of dynamic coordination. 8. The leader is a designer of loops. 9. Different cases have similar key successful loops and key successful factors because they have the same structure of bureaucracy. 10. Structure can help and block leaders to diffuse and implement innovations in bureaucracy. 11. The innovation process in organization should be observed in a larger structure or system. 12. Reports of Media can motivate employees effectively and facilitate the phenomenon of ¡§lock-in¡¨. 13. Examination and evolution have much efficiency in changing employees¡¦ behaviors in bureaucracy. However, what can change employees¡¦ attitude often are others¡¦ appreciation, work results or leader¡¦s moral integrity. 14. Reports of Media, education training and visits can break the closed system of bureaucracy. This is helpful for diffusion of innovations in organization. 15. No matter the focal point of innovations is on easy and small things whose results are obvious, or on fundamental, long-term and more difficult things such as system and value change, ¡Ketc, all can result in profound changes in organizations. Moreover, this research also finds whether ¡§democratization¡¨, ¡§media¡¨, and ¡§bureaucracy¡¨ will bring good or bad contribution, these three things aren¡¦t the point and the most important thing is how we use them. We should take the responsibility by ourselves.

Administrative appeal, as a critical part of the administrative remedy system, refers to a civil remedy action against any illegal or improper administrative act implemented by all levels of government, as well as any passive act that hinders fulfillment of their obligations. Administrative appeal is a basic right of citizens in a democratic country under the rule of law. Through the appeal procedures, regulations may remain accurate and adequate, and legalization of administrative measures may be ensured. In recent years, due to the rapid boom in commercial activities and advancement of technology, the social structure has drastically changed, and the amount of public affairs concerning economy, society, labor, transportation, and environmental pollution has gradually increased, resulting in a closer and more complicate relationship between government and people. As administrative actions by the government occur more frequently, it becomes difficult to ensure that every action is legal or proper. Furthermore, with higher levels of education and increased awareness of their rights, most citizens understand how to follow legal procedures to seek remedies when they refuse to accept the administrative acts implemented by government agencies. Hence, a solid administrative remedy system and its enforcement are essential to democratic countries under the rule of law. This study targets the administrative appeal cases filed to Kaohsiung City Government, and explores the influence of relevant regulations and procedures for administrative appeals on appeal practice following the enforcement of the new Administrative Appeal Act. It also discusses the increase and distribution of administrative appeal cases, as well as the reasons for administrative litigations, in order to make comparisons with the appeal conditions in Taipei City Government. It aims to understand the actual situations concerning appeal practice and the difficulties that appellants may encounter, draw up a corresponding improvement plan, and provide suggestions on policy adjustment and regulation revision, in the hope of eliminating the source of disputes and maximizing the function of policy feedback. This study consists of seven chapters, including: foreword, introduction to the administrative appeal system in Taiwan, administrative appeal procedures, Comprehensive analysis of administrative appeal cases filed to Kaohsiung City Government and its business, as well as the review and analysis of concrete administrative appeals filed to Kaohsiung City Government, concrete implementation plans for improving administrative appeal business, and conclusions and suggestions. It is hoped that the findings can help effectively resolve all of the problems exist in appeal practice, enhance the quality and accuracy of appeal case processing, refine administrative appeal business performance, and safeguard legitimate interests of appellants.

The purpose of this report is to analyze the zoning change process in Austin, Texas. The report examines Austin's type of city government followed by an overview of zoning in the United States and Austin. The report chronicles the evolution of the Austin Tomorrow Comprehensive Plan and the Neighborhood Planning Area during the time period 1979-1997. Since 1997, zoning change protocol has become intertwined with neighborhood planning such that both must be discussed in detail. The extreme real estate cycles from 1982 to the present are also discussed. Economic conditions played a key role in the slow enactment of neighborhood planning in Austin. The report examines the jurisdictional boundaries of Austin and the governmental bodies charged with hearing zoning cases. After discussing the motivations of the market participants seeking zoning changes, the report analyzes four case studies to illustrate the basic types of zoning cases today. Finally, the report draws conclusions and offers suggestions for improving the efficiency and fairness of the zoning change process in Austin, Texas. / text

abstract: Civic leadership in Phoenix, Arizona promoted the city's performing arts as part of a deliberate plan towards the larger growth agenda after World War II. From the 1940s through the late 1960s, the business and professional leaders who controlled city government served on boards for performing arts groups, built venues, offered financial support, and sometimes participated as artists in order to attract high-technology firms and highly skilled workers to the area. They believed one aspect of Phoenix's urban development included a need for quality, high-culture performing arts scene that signaled a high quality of life and drew more residents. After this era of boosterism ended and control shifted from business and professional leaders to city government, performing arts support fluctuated with leadership's attitudes and the local, state, and national economies. The early civic leaders were successful in their overall mission to expand the city - now the sixth largest in the nation - and many of the organizations and venues they patronized still serve the community; however, the commitment to developing a quality arts and culture scene waned. Today's public, private, and arts and culture leaders are using the same argument as Phoenix tries once again to become a high-technology center. The theory that arts and culture stimulate the economy directly and indirectly is true today as it was in the 1940s. Although the plan was effective, it needed fully committed supporters, strong infrastructure, and continued revising in order to move the vision into the twenty-first century. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. History 2013

abstract: Tempe political and business leaders implemented a series of strategies, composed of interconnected economic, political, and cultural factors that contributed to the city's growth over time. Influenced by a new economic opportunities and challenges, changing ideas about redevelopment and the role of suburbs, and Tempe's own growth issues after 1960, Tempe leaders and citizens formed a distinct vision for downtown redevelopment. Modified over time, the redevelopment strategy depended on effective planning and financing, public-private collaboration, citizen participation, and a revised perception of growth. After 1980, the strategy gained momentum enabling leaders to expand their ambitions for downtown. Redevelopment manifested through riverfront redevelopment, art and culture, and historic preservation redirecting the city's growth, creating economic development, and revitalizing downtown as Tempe began flourishing as a mature supersuburb. The strategy showed considerable economic success by 2012 and the completion of the Rio Salado Project, the Tempe Center for the Arts, and the preservation of the Hayden Flour Mill made downtown an attractive and diverse urban destination. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. History 2014