This thesis uses CFPS's 2014 and 2016 data, from the perspective of differences in education levels and city size, using the two-way fixed-effect model and quantile regression to explore how the different educational workers' nominal monthly income gap changes with the expansion of the urban population. As for city size, on average, for every 1% increase in city size, the nominal monthly income of workers will increase by 0.4%. For every 1% increase in the size of the city, the nominal monthly wage of the college education group will increase by 0.9%, and the wage of the postgraduate workers will increase almost by 1.2%. The results show that only workers with a college and postgraduate education level can expand the monthly income gap with the lowest educational level group as the urban population grows. However, the nominal monthly income gap between the high-school educated group and junior high school and below educated workers is insignificantly affected by the city's expansion. JEL Classification J31, J23, J26, C51, I18 Keywords Education Level, City Size, Wage Title Wage Differentials by Education level and City Size: Evidence from Chinese cities Abstrakt Tato práce využívá data CFPS z let 2014 a 2016 z pohledu rozdílů v úrovních vzdělání a velikosti města pomocí dvoucestného modelu s fixním...

Thesis (M. Phil.)--Dept. of Architecture, Design Science and Planning, Faculty of Architecture, University of Sydney, 2003. / Bibliography: leaves 164-171.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Sydney, 2003. / Title from title screen (viewed Apr. 28, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy to the Dept. of Architecture, Design Science and Planning, Faculty of Architecture. Degree awarded 2003; thesis submitted 2002. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to describe the relationship between the citizen and public space, and to answer the question why the topic of public space should be incorporated in secondary school curriculum. The first chapter introduces the concept of public space. I look at public space through the lens of normative theory, based on which I assess its characteristic features. In the first chapter, I also deal with the mass media and social networks, which are an integral part of public space. The second chapter focuses on urban public space. In this chapter I look for answers to the questions: what is the relationship between the citizen and the public space, how do they influence each other. The citizen and the public space are inextricably linked, because it is the citizens who transform a physical place into public space. Further, the question of the quality of public spaces is raised, to which I answer using the basic principles of architecture and urbanism. The second chapter also answers the central question of the diploma thesis: why the topic of public space should be taught in school. The third chapter presents the results of a simple questionnaire survey. It captures the opinions of interview participants on the current state of public space in Slovakia, its positive and negative...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raimundo William Tavares Junior.pdf: 3315717 bytes, checksum: e11c39c826e8247ef94a2858ce711ee6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In February 1890 it was established in Belém, Pará State, through a Republic decree, the Normal School (EN). Even though the republicans have highlighted this as a great novelty, it had already been created and extinguished at other times during the monarchy since 1871. Difficult was not to be surprised with the grandiloquence of the decree and the attempt to actually install it without a proper building, equipment and even without teachers. However, despite this improvisation, it was settling down, putting down roots and rhizomes, infiltrating in the life of the city and its people, gestating long tradition. This work, with the desire to understand these different movements and tense political, educational and social movements done in Pará, discusses the make up of the Normal School in Belém, from 1890 to 1920, period in which discourses and practices of modernization reached and clashed with traditional lifestyles from Pará. Through legal, newspapers and educational documents from Pará, surveyed in the Public Archives of the State, at Centur and at the IEEP Files, interpreted through the theoretical lens of Cultural Studies, the research reveals the connections, dependencies, influences and conflicts of experiences that were built at EN by its different historical subjects with actions and interventions of government. Whereas the school sat on the foundations of a city in flux, the dialogues and tensions there were continuous and reciprocal. Therefore, to interpret the reasons, motivations and meanings of (re) birth of the Normal School in the late nineteenth century and first decades of the twentieth century, and equally to understand its developments and also contradictions experienced around the infrastructure, curriculum organization, constitution of the functional body, the entry criteria of the student and teachers, social and ethnic origin of the student, as well as symbols and rituals, it was necessary to insert it in exchanges with urban life / Em fevereiro de 1890 era criada em Belém, no Estado do Pará, através de um decreto da República, a Escola Normal (EN). Embora os republicanos tenham ressaltado o fato como uma grande novidade, ela já tinha sido criada e extinta outras vezes, durante o regime monárquico desde 1871. Difícil foi não se espantar entre a grandiloquência do decreto e a tentativa de fato de sua instalação sem prédio próprio, equipamentos e, até mesmo, sem professores. No entanto, apesar dessa improvisação, ela foi se estabelecendo, criando raízes e rizomas, infiltrando-se na vida da cidade e de sua gente, gestando longa tradição. Este trabalho, no desejo de compreender esses diferentes e tensos movimentos políticos, educacionais e socioculturais urdidos no Pará, discute o fazer-se da Escola Normal na cidade de Belém, entre 1890 a 1920, período em que discursos e práticas de modernização atingiram e se confrontaram com modos de vida tradicionais paraenses. A partir de documentos legislativos, educacionais e jornais paraenses, rastreados no Arquivo Público do Estado, no Centur e no Arquivo do IEEP, interpretados sob a lente teórica de intelectuais dos Estudos Culturais, a pesquisa revela os imbricamentos, dependências, influências e conflitos das experiências construídas na EN por seus diferentes sujeitos históricos com ações e intervenções dos poderes públicos constituídos no Estado. Considerando que a escola assentou-se sob as bases de uma cidade em transformação, os diálogos e tensões ali foram contínuos e recíprocos. Portanto, para interpretar razões, motivações e sentidos do (re)nascimento da Escola Normal nos finais do século XIX e duas primeiras décadas do século XX, igualmente sondar desenvolvimentos e contradições vivenciados em torno da infraestrutura, organização curricular, constituição do corpo funcional, critérios de ingresso da(o)s aluna(o)s e professores, origem social e étnica da(o)s aluna(o)s, além de símbolos e rituais, foi preciso inseri-la nos intercâmbios com a vida urbana.

A presente investigação teve como alvo analítico a aliança discursiva entre cidade e educação na atualidade, a partir de um tipo de problematização fundamentado no pensamento de Michel Foucault. Mais especificamente, foram mobilizadas as teorizações foucaultianas sobre representação, verdade, história e genealogia com o intuito de embasar os procedimentos de endereçamento às fontes eleitas. Para tanto, partiu-se da constatação de uma profusão de iniciativas voltadas ao fomento de medidas de cunho pedagógico/formativo nos mais diversos contextos e equipamentos urbanos contemporâneos, nos quais práticas educacionais são flagradas permeando variadas circunstâncias externas ao âmbito exclusivamente escolar. Destaca-se aí a proposta internacional de cidade educadora, a qual constitui a temática fulcral em análise neste estudo, sendo considerada um horizonte tão apregoado quanto fugidio de articulação entre determinadas formas de organização citadina e modos de existência possíveis aos seus habitantes. Com base na hipótese de que o lastro educacional de iniciativas dessa ordem não seria algo exclusivo do tempo presente, optou-se por perspectivar tal horizonte segundo um plano estratégico composto por outros modelos de cidade considerados ideais em diferentes momentos históricos. Assim, a primeira parte da investigação consiste na forja de um cenário analítico que se debruçou sobre alguns projetos urbanos ficcionais; dentre eles, quatro referências históricas receberam destaque: A República, de Platão; Utopia, de Thomas More; Cidade do Sol, de Tommaso Campanella; e Walden II, de Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Visou-se, então, esquadrinhar cada um desses modelos idealizados, adotando como vetor de leitura os arranjos educacionais a eles atinentes. Uma vez percorrido tal cenário e tendo em vista o que ele permitiu esboçar acerca das relações entre educação, modos de governar e processos de subjetivação, o problema urbano-educativo contemporâneo foi examinado mais detidamente. Em uma espécie de jogo de claro-escuro analítico, tratou-se ora de interpelar as racionalidades que o sustentam, ora de confrontá-lo com os ideais de cidade previamente analisados, de modo que, ao final, fosse possível posicioná-lo no bojo de um panorama complexo no qual se emaranham tanto linhas acirradas de governo das condutas, quanto irrupções heterotópicas imprevistas pelas idealizações que o promovem. Mediante tais ponderações críticas, pode-se admitir que a educação ocupa um lugar paradoxal no encontro entre a cidade e seus homens, sendo convocada, ao mesmo tempo, a afiançar o exercício da liberdade e a sujeitá-lo aos intentos do ordenamento urbano. / The present study aims at analysing the discursive correlation between contemporary city life and education, starting from one kind of problematization founded on Michel Foucaults thought. More specifically, Foulcautian theories on representation, truth, history and genealogy were mobilized so as to serve as a basis for the investigation procedures addressed to the selected sources. For that aim, the starting point was detecting a plethora of initiatives geared toward prompting pedagogical/formative measures in the most different contexts and contemporary urban devices, in which education practices are found to permeate various circumstances which are external to the school sphere. In this sense, the international proposal of educating city is emphasized, as it comprises the thematic support under analysis in the present research, and is deemed both a proclaimed and fugacious horizon of articulation among certain modes of city organization and ways of existence for its dwellers. Based on the hypothesis that the educational foundation of initiatives of such an order would not be something related exclusively to the present times, the choice was made for putting it in a strategic plan consisting of other city models considered ideal in different points in history. Thus, the first part of the investigation consists of framing an analytical scenario targeted to some fictional urban projects; among them four historical references were given emphasis: Republic, by Plato; Utopia, by Thomas More; The City of the Sun, by Tommaso Campanella; and Walden II, by Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Following this, an inquiry was made into each of these urban idealized models, by adopting as reading vector the education arrangements related to them. Once such a scenario was explored, and bearing in mind what it offered to build a sketch of the relations among education, modes of government and subjectification processes, the contemporary urban/educational issue was more thoroughly examined. Through a sort of analytical chiaroscuro game, the aim was now to question the rationalities which support it, now to confront it with the city ideals previously discussed, in order to finally be able to place it in the core of a complex panorama, which reveals an entanglement between rigid lines of government of lifestyles and heterotopical irruptions unforeseen by the idealizations which proclaim such a contemporary scenario. By reflecting on such issues, it is possible to state that education performs a paradoxical position in the encounter between the city and its dwellers, being at the same time invited to sanction the exercise of freedom and to subject it to the intents of the urban order.

A presente investigação teve como alvo analítico a aliança discursiva entre cidade e educação na atualidade, a partir de um tipo de problematização fundamentado no pensamento de Michel Foucault. Mais especificamente, foram mobilizadas as teorizações foucaultianas sobre representação, verdade, história e genealogia com o intuito de embasar os procedimentos de endereçamento às fontes eleitas. Para tanto, partiu-se da constatação de uma profusão de iniciativas voltadas ao fomento de medidas de cunho pedagógico/formativo nos mais diversos contextos e equipamentos urbanos contemporâneos, nos quais práticas educacionais são flagradas permeando variadas circunstâncias externas ao âmbito exclusivamente escolar. Destaca-se aí a proposta internacional de cidade educadora, a qual constitui a temática fulcral em análise neste estudo, sendo considerada um horizonte tão apregoado quanto fugidio de articulação entre determinadas formas de organização citadina e modos de existência possíveis aos seus habitantes. Com base na hipótese de que o lastro educacional de iniciativas dessa ordem não seria algo exclusivo do tempo presente, optou-se por perspectivar tal horizonte segundo um plano estratégico composto por outros modelos de cidade considerados ideais em diferentes momentos históricos. Assim, a primeira parte da investigação consiste na forja de um cenário analítico que se debruçou sobre alguns projetos urbanos ficcionais; dentre eles, quatro referências históricas receberam destaque: A República, de Platão; Utopia, de Thomas More; Cidade do Sol, de Tommaso Campanella; e Walden II, de Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Visou-se, então, esquadrinhar cada um desses modelos idealizados, adotando como vetor de leitura os arranjos educacionais a eles atinentes. Uma vez percorrido tal cenário e tendo em vista o que ele permitiu esboçar acerca das relações entre educação, modos de governar e processos de subjetivação, o problema urbano-educativo contemporâneo foi examinado mais detidamente. Em uma espécie de jogo de claro-escuro analítico, tratou-se ora de interpelar as racionalidades que o sustentam, ora de confrontá-lo com os ideais de cidade previamente analisados, de modo que, ao final, fosse possível posicioná-lo no bojo de um panorama complexo no qual se emaranham tanto linhas acirradas de governo das condutas, quanto irrupções heterotópicas imprevistas pelas idealizações que o promovem. Mediante tais ponderações críticas, pode-se admitir que a educação ocupa um lugar paradoxal no encontro entre a cidade e seus homens, sendo convocada, ao mesmo tempo, a afiançar o exercício da liberdade e a sujeitá-lo aos intentos do ordenamento urbano. / The present study aims at analysing the discursive correlation between contemporary city life and education, starting from one kind of problematization founded on Michel Foucaults thought. More specifically, Foulcautian theories on representation, truth, history and genealogy were mobilized so as to serve as a basis for the investigation procedures addressed to the selected sources. For that aim, the starting point was detecting a plethora of initiatives geared toward prompting pedagogical/formative measures in the most different contexts and contemporary urban devices, in which education practices are found to permeate various circumstances which are external to the school sphere. In this sense, the international proposal of educating city is emphasized, as it comprises the thematic support under analysis in the present research, and is deemed both a proclaimed and fugacious horizon of articulation among certain modes of city organization and ways of existence for its dwellers. Based on the hypothesis that the educational foundation of initiatives of such an order would not be something related exclusively to the present times, the choice was made for putting it in a strategic plan consisting of other city models considered ideal in different points in history. Thus, the first part of the investigation consists of framing an analytical scenario targeted to some fictional urban projects; among them four historical references were given emphasis: Republic, by Plato; Utopia, by Thomas More; The City of the Sun, by Tommaso Campanella; and Walden II, by Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Following this, an inquiry was made into each of these urban idealized models, by adopting as reading vector the education arrangements related to them. Once such a scenario was explored, and bearing in mind what it offered to build a sketch of the relations among education, modes of government and subjectification processes, the contemporary urban/educational issue was more thoroughly examined. Through a sort of analytical chiaroscuro game, the aim was now to question the rationalities which support it, now to confront it with the city ideals previously discussed, in order to finally be able to place it in the core of a complex panorama, which reveals an entanglement between rigid lines of government of lifestyles and heterotopical irruptions unforeseen by the idealizations which proclaim such a contemporary scenario. By reflecting on such issues, it is possible to state that education performs a paradoxical position in the encounter between the city and its dwellers, being at the same time invited to sanction the exercise of freedom and to subject it to the intents of the urban order.

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of music teachers in urban elementary schools. Title-I public elementary schools (N = 135) in Miami-Dade County were surveyed for demographic information, and fifty-six of the music teachers from those schools participated in the survey designed for this study. The survey was intended to accumulate data regarding the independent variables of student demographics, teacher demographics, student/teacher demographic differences, teacher training, and teacher support; the dependent variables examined were teacher attitudes about urban elementary music teaching and teacher expectations of their urban elementary music students. Results demonstrated that demographic factors were correlated, and most of the teachers mismatched demographically with their students. Professional support and the percentage of students receiving free or reduced lunch correlated with attitudes. The variables did not correlate with expectations, but because of a strong correlation with attitudes, expectations may have been indirectly affected by support and the percentage of students receiving free/reduced lunch. Support was the single predictor for attitudes, and when computed as an independent variable, attitudes were the sole predictor for expectations. No significant main effects or interactions between the variables were found.

No description available.